| T.R | Title | User | Personal
Name | Date | Lines |
|---|
| 929.1 | Computers | TROOA::COLLINS | On a wavelength far from home. | Tue Jun 06 1995 10:54 | 125 |
|
From: US3RMC::"[email protected]" 6-JUN-1995 09:36:45.16
Subj: The Daily - June 06, 1995 (fwd)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
General social survey: computers in the workplace
1994
Computers have become an integral part of Canadians' working lives. This
technological change affects not only the nature of work, but also the level of
skills required to do that work and how Canadians perceive their jobs.
The introduction of computers affects the way people perceive their jobs
The introduction of computers or the advent of new automation technologies
in the workplace continues to have a major impact on the way workers view their
jobs. In 1994, 34% of workers reported they had been greatly affected by the
introduction of computers in the last five years, while 17% said they were
somewhat affected. Of all computer users, 75% of both men and women agreed that
the computer had increased the level of skill required to do their jobs. This
perception was common to all major occupational groups.
The introduction of computers also caused a little more insecurity among the
employed. In 1994, computer users who believed their job security had declined
(about one in five) due to the introduction of computers marginally outnumbered
those who felt it had increased. In 1989, shortly before the last recession, 11%
of affected workers claimed that their job security had decreased due to the
introduction of computers. In both years, however, more than half the men and
women affected by technological change at work were of the opinion that
automation had not had an impact on their job security in the previous five
years.
Note to readers
This release unveils the first data available from the 1994
General social survey (GSS) which measures major changes in
demographics, social characteristics, and living conditions of
Canadians. It marks the first repeat of the education, work and
retirement core content area originally covered in the 1989 GSS.
However, this latest cycle of the GSS focuses more on the quality
of life after retirement and post-retirement activities than the
earlier cycle. In addition, the latest cycle contains two new
sections -- social origin and work interruptions.
The target population of the 1994 GSS consisted of all
individuals aged 15 and over living in a private household in one
of the 10 provinces. The sample was composed of approximately 11,500
respondents, including a main sample of 10,000 persons and an
additional sample of 1,500 persons between 55 and 74 years of age.
The data were collected over a 12-month period, from January 1994
to December 1994, using a computer-assisted telephone interview
system. The response rate for the 1994 GSS was 83.4%.
Lastly, it is worth noting that approximately two-thirds of computer users
considered their work had become more interesting as a result of the
introduction of computers.
On-the-job computer use is increasing
Since the mid-1980s, the use of computers in the workplace has grown by leaps
and bounds. According to the Economic Council of Canada, about one in five
employed people used a computer at work in 1987. By 1989 the ratio was one in
three; and in 1994, almost half (48%) of employed Canadians used computers on
the job (6,260,000 people). In addition, 70% of workers who could use a computer
actually had the opportunity to use one at work in 1994, compared with 55% in
1989.
On-the-job computer use varies by occupation
Managerial and professional jobs are highly computerized, as are jobs in the
clerical sector. However, scarcely 20% of primary sector workers had to use a
computer on the job.
Regardless of the age group, in both 1994 and 1989, computer use among the
employed was proportionally higher among women than men (52% compared to 45% in
1994). This difference was largely attributable to occupations: while
one-quarter of all female workers fell into the "clerical" category in 1994, 75%
of them used computers on the job. By comparison, only 20% of construction and
transportation workers, a category that encompassed one-fifth of employed males,
used computers at work.
Computers used for a wider range of activities
In 1994, people who used computers at work did so, on average, for about 18
hours per week, nearly half of their normal work week. The weekly average in
1989 was 16 hours. The increase in time spent using computers in occupations
where it was already high in 1989 (science and engineering, and clerical
workers) was somewhat smaller, suggesting that these workers were already
approaching maximum average utilization time.
In 1994, some 14% of all Canadian workers were travelling on the information
highway. Traffic on this highway, as measured by the use of on-line data servers
such as the Internet, was dominated by science and engineering workers (40%) and
social scientists and teachers (23% in both cases). About 16% of workers between
15 and 34 years of age were using an on-line data server, compared with 8% for
those aged 55 and over. There was only a small difference in use between male
and female workers (15% versus 11%).
A fact sheet giving additional information on computer use in the workplace
is available. To obtain a copy, please contact your nearest Statistics Canada
Regional Reference Centre or the General Social Survey Program, Statistics
Canada, Ottawa at (613) 951-0878. The fact sheet is also available on the
Internet at the following address: http://[email protected].
Statistics Canada Tel: (613) 951-7277
Marketing Division Fax: (613) 951-1584
Sales and Service Toll-Free: 1-800-267-6677
120 Parkdale Avenue
Ottawa, Ontario E-Mail: [email protected]
Canada K1A 0T6
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| 929.2 | Smoking | TROOA::COLLINS | On a wavelength far from home. | Wed Jun 07 1995 10:56 | 178 |
|
From: US3RMC::"[email protected]" 7-JUN-1995 09:46:29.76
Subj: The Daily - June 07, 1995 (fwd)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Survey on smoking
Winter 1995 (cycle 4)
Smoking rates decreased from 29.5% in November 1994 to 27.4% in February 1995,
continuing the declining trend observed since the first cycle of this survey in
May 1994.
Historically, the smoking rates of Canadians have been generally declining
since 1985. Between 1985 and 1991, rates declined from a level of about 34% to
31%, a rate equivalent to one-half a percentage point per year. Although
Statistics Canada did not measure smoking prevalence between 1991 and 1994, a
recent study by Health Canada suggests that rates were continuing to decline
between 1991 and 1993. By early 1994, a number of factors had combined to create
a small increase in smoking, but the historical trend downward has been
re-established over the past year.
Between May 1994 and February 1995, an estimated 2.2 million people (10% of
the population) changed their smoking status, ultimately leading to 650,000
fewer smokers. The largest decreases in prevalence occurred between November
1994 and February 1995. All age groups, both sexes, and all provinces showed
lower levels of smoking. The largest decreases occurred among women, the
20-to-24 age group, and in the province of Ontario. Among women, smoking rates
declined from 29.1% in May to 25.4% in February. The 20-to-24 age group went
from 811,000 smokers (39.5%) in May 1994 to 692,000 smokers (34.0%) in February
1995. The number of smokers in Ontario went from 2,363,000 (27.4%) in May 1994
to 2,018,000 (23.5%) in February 1995.
Note to readers
Health Canada and Statistics Canada have collaborated to conduct
the Survey on smoking in Canada, designed to measure changes in
smoking patterns. The survey is an initiative of the federal
"Tobacco demand reduction strategy" announced on February 8, 1994.
The survey's four cycles were conducted in April/May,
August/September and November/December 1994, and in February/March
1995. Each quarter, the same respondents were asked questions about
smoking. This allows, for the first time on a national level,
analysis of changes in the smoking habits of Canadians over time.
A representative sample of about 15,800 respondents from across
Canada was selected for the first cycle from a random sample of
phone numbers; 13,400 of these individuals responded in the second
cycle, 12,800 in the third cycle, and 12,400 in the fourth cycle.
During telephone interviews, respondents aged 15 and older were
asked about their current smoking habits, reasons for changing
smoking habits, and related questions about use of cigarettes and
other tobacco products. Data on other characteristics such as age,
sex, marital status, household income, and education were also
collected.
Average cigarette consumption did not change in 1994
The Survey on smoking in Canada showed that the amount smoked (average number
of cigarettes per day) remained almost constant over the May 1994 to November
1994 period. In February 1995, the average number of cigarettes per smoker
(15.3) was slightly lower than the average measured in the first three cycles
of the survey (15.8). This shift appears to be the result of a decline in the
number of people who smoked more than 25 cigarettes a day. Nearly half of the
670,000 people who were smoking more than 25 cigarettes a day in May 1994 had
decreased their consumption by February 1995, mostly to smoking between 11 and
25 cigarettes per day.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table: Smoking prevalence
______________________________________________________________________________
May 1994 August 1994 November 1994
______________________________________________________________________________
%
Canada, ages 15+ 30.4 29.9 29.5
Age Group
15-19 27.3 28.5 27.8
20-24 39.5 38.1 36.3
25-64 32.6 31.9 31.8
65+ 15.9 15.8 14.8
Region
Atlantic 30.9 30.5 29.9
Quebec 37.6 37.9 36.6
Ontario 27.4 25.8 26.6
Prairies 30.1 29.1 28.4
British Columbia 25.4 26.9 25.2
Sex
Men 31.8 31.0 30.8
Women 29.1 28.9 28.2
______________________________________________________________________________
February 1995
______________________________________________________________________________
%
Canada, ages 15+ 27.4
Age Group
15-19 25.7
20-24 34.0
25-64 29.4
65+ 14.3
Region
Atlantic 28.1
Quebec 35.6
Ontario 23.5
Prairies 25.9
British Columbia 23.9
Sex
Men 29.4
Women 25.4
______________________________________________________________________________
Nearly 5% of teenagers started smoking in 1994
Between the beginning of 1994 and February 1995, 5% of teenagers (aged 15 to
19) started smoking for the first time. However, half of these 91,000 new
smokers had stopped smoking by February. An additional 8% of teenagers (158,000)
who had stopped smoking before 1994 started up again during 1994. About
two-thirds of these were still smoking in February 1995. Nevertheless, smoking
has continued to decline among teenagers, from 27.3% in May 1994 to 25.7% in
February 1995.
Despite the national trend of lower smoking prevalence over the past 10
years, young people are still experimenting with smoking at about the same rate
as 10 years ago. Among current teenagers (aged 15 to 19), 32% had smoked their
first cigarette by age 14, essentially the same as the proportion of people aged
20 to 29 who had tried smoking by age 14. The prime years for starting to smoke
are the ages from 12 to 17. Less than 6% of current teenagers had tried smoking
before age 12 while about 10% of people aged 20 to 29 started to smoke after age
17.
"Light" cigarettes are preferred by most smokers
A major shift in recent years has been in the type of cigarette smoked.
Currently 3.4 million smokers (55%) prefer to smoke "light" cigarettes. The use
of light cigarettes is most popular among those who, on average, smoke less than
10 cigarettes per day, younger age groups, women, and smokers who want to quit.
About half of the people who started out smoking regular cigarettes eventually
switched to light cigarettes, while the move from light cigarettes to regular
is almost non-existent. Most smokers believe that light cigarettes have less tar
(34%) and less nicotine (45%), but only 2% believe they are safer or healthier.
Health Canada has prepared a package of analytical highlights. For a copy of
these highlights or related information, contact Health Canada (613-957-2991,
fax: 613-952-7266). Media should call Health Canada at 613-957-1803.
An assessment of data quality for the Survey on smoking in Canada is
available from Statistics Canada. A microdata file is available to allow more
detailed analysis of the survey data. To order the microdata file, contact
Michael Sivyer (613-951-4598 or 1-800-461-9050), Special Surveys Division.
For further information on this release, contact Lecily Hunter
(613-951-0597), Special Surveys Division, Statistics Canada.
Statistics Canada Tel: (613) 951-7277
Marketing Division Fax: (613) 951-1584
Sales and Service Toll-Free: 1-800-267-6677
120 Parkdale Avenue
Ottawa, Ontario E-Mail: [email protected]
Canada K1A 0T6
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| 929.3 | Marriages/Divorces | TROOA::COLLINS | Green Eggs and Hamlet | Tue Jun 13 1995 12:45 | 150 |
|
From: US3RMC::"[email protected]" 13-JUN-1995 11:40:26.61
Subj: The Daily - June 13, 1995 (fwd)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Marriages
1993
In 1993, fewer Canadians got legally married, and those who did were older than
ever. This was a result of two major factors: More Canadians chose common-law
unions and the population between the ages of 20 and 30 (when most marriages
have traditionally occurred) declined.
In 1993, 159,316 couples got married, down 5,257 or 3.2% from 1992. First
marriages and remarriages declined for both men and women. The marriage rate
(marriages per 1,000 population) declined from 5.8 in 1992 to 5.5. Among the
provinces, the rate declined most in Ontario; it increased only in Prince Edward
Island.
Marriage rates were lowest and common-law unions were most prevalent in
Quebec and the Northwest Territories. At the 1993 rates of marriage, it can be
estimated that more than half the population of Quebec and the Northwest
Territories will never legally marry, compared with less than a third of the
population in the other jurisdictions. In 1993, nearly 50% of the babies born
in Quebec and more than 60% of those born in the Northwest Territories were born
to women who were not legally married.
Those who still choose to marry are doing so at older ages. In 1973, nearly
30% of marriages involved brides under 20, compared with less than 4% in 1993.
Similarly, in 1973 nearly 8.1% of all marriages involved bridegrooms under 20,
compared with only 0.9% in 1993. The proportion of brides aged 25 or over has
steadily increased. By 1993, one-third of men and one-fifth of women who married
for the first time were over 30, compared with 10% of men and 5% of women in
1973.
Marriages, 1993 (84-212, $30 paper version, $25 microfiche version) will be
available shortly. See "How to order publications".
For further information on this release, contact Francois Nault
(613-951-1764) or the Information Requests Unit (613-951-1746), Health
Statistics Division.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table: Number of marriages and marriage rates
______________________________________________________________________________
Number of marriages 1992 1993 1992 to 1993
______________________________________________________________________________
% change
Canada 164,573 159,316 -3.2
Newfoundland 3,254 3,163 -2.8
Prince Edward Island 850 885 4.1
Nova Scotia 5,623 5,403 -3.9
New Brunswick 4,313 4,177 -3.2
Quebec 25,841 25,021 -3.2
Ontario 70,079 66,575 -5.0
Manitoba 6,899 6,752 -2.1
Saskatchewan 5,664 5,638 -0.5
Alberta 17,871 17,860 -0.1
British Columbia 23,749 23,446 -1.3
Yukon 221 180 -18.6
Northwest Territories 209 216 3.3
______________________________________________________________________________
Marriage rates1 1992 1993
______________________________________________________________________________
Canada 5.8 5.5
Newfoundland 5.6 5.4
Prince Edward Island 6.5 6.6
Nova Scotia 6.1 5.8
New Brunswick 5.7 5.5
Quebec 3.6 3.5
Ontario 6.6 6.2
Manitoba 6.2 6.0
Saskatchewan 5.6 5.6
Alberta 6.7 6.6
British Columbia 6.8 6.6
Yukon 7.3 5.9
Northwest Territories 3.3 3.4
______________________________________________________________________________
(1) Number of marriages per 1,000 population.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Divorces
1993
Divorce counts and rates declined in 1993 as they have each year since 1987; the
only exception was 1992, when there were slight increases.
The divorce rate per 1,000 population was 2.7 in 1993, down 2.4% from 2.8 in
1992. Rates peaked at 3.6 in 1987, after the grounds for divorce were
liberalized in 1985.
The divorce rate per 1,000 married women aged 15 and over exhibited similar
trends. In 1993 this rate was 12.4, a 1.6% decrease from 1992.
Among the provinces and territories, the divorce rate per 1,000 married women
aged 15 and over ranged from 7.1 in Newfoundland to 16.2 in the Yukon.
Contrasting with the national decline, it increased in 1993 in Newfoundland,
Nova Scotia, Quebec, Alberta, British Columbia and the Northwest Territories.
Elsewhere in Canada, rates fell.
For further information on this release, contact Evelyn Park (613-951-4864)
or the Information Requests Unit (613-951-1746), Health Statistics Division.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table: Number of divorces and divorce rates
______________________________________________________________________________
Year Number Rate(1)
______________________________________________________________________________
1981 67,671 2.7
1982 70,430 2.8
1983 68,565 2.7
1984 65,170 2.5
1985 61,976 2.4
1986 78,304 3.0
1987 96,200 3.6
1988 83,507 3.1
1989 80,998 3.0
1990 78,463 2.8
1991 77,020 2.7
1992 79,034 2.8
1993 78,226 2.7
______________________________________________________________________________
(1) Number of divorces per 1,000 population
Statistics Canada Tel: (613) 951-7277
Marketing Division Fax: (613) 951-1584
Sales and Service Toll-Free: 1-800-267-6677
120 Parkdale Avenue
Ottawa, Ontario E-Mail: [email protected]
Canada K1A 0T6
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| 929.4 | Income After Taxes | TROOA::COLLINS | Green Eggs and Hamlet | Wed Jun 14 1995 11:16 | 153 |
|
From: US3RMC::"[email protected]" 14-JUN-1995 10:09:18.90
Subj: The Daily - June 14, 1995 (fwd)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Income after tax
1993
After-tax family income for 1993 was an estimated $43,225, a 2.1% decrease from
1992 after adjusting for changes in the consumer price index. Since 1989,
after-tax family income has fallen 6.5%, bringing it to the same level as at the
end of the recession of the early 1980s.
In 1993, cash transfers and personal income taxes reduced the ratio of
average family incomes at the top and bottom of the income scale from 23:1
before taxes and transfers to 5:1 after taxes and transfers.
The 1993 drop in after-tax income was largely due to a continued decline in
income before government transfer payments. Average income before transfers
declined by $1,250 from its 1992 level, to $46,488. This partly reflected
lingering effects of the recession, as declining employment in the higher wage
goods-producing industries bottomed out. Lower interest rates and a decline in
the number of families with investment income were other factors. This brought
the total drop since 1989 (before the recession's onset) to an estimated $5,103.
Unlike in 1992, transfer payments in 1993 did not increase to offset any of
this loss, due in part to the fact that fewer people received unemployment
insurance benefits. About 75,000 fewer individuals collected regular benefits
in 1993 than in 1992. Average family transfer payments ($6,971) remained at a
level comparable to 1992. In total, average transfers rose $1,281 between 1989
and 1993.
Note to readers
After-tax income is calculated by adding cash government transfer
payments (such as old age security and unemployment insurance
benefits) to income before transfers (mainly from work and
investment) and then by subtracting income taxes paid. The claw-back
of unemployment insurance and old age security benefits is treated
as an increase in taxes rather than a reduction in transfers.
Cash transfers and personal taxes are two important mechanisms
for redistributing income, but the income redistribution described
in this release does not reflect the entire government spending and
revenue process: cash transfers are 25% of total government spending
and personal income taxes are 35% of total revenue. Readers are
cautioned against drawing unwarranted conclusions about net benefits
presented in this release.
Dollar amounts and percentages are calculated using averages and
constant (1993) dollars. Other measures, such as medians, are also
available for analysis.
These estimates come from data collected by the Survey of
Consumer Finances, a supplement to the April 1994 Labour Force
Survey (about 38,000 households). The sample excludes the
institutional population, households in the Yukon and Northwest
Territories, and Indian reserves.
Income tax paid by families averaged $10,234, $271 lower than in 1992. Wage
earners in many families were unemployed or underemployed during the recession.
So these families had fewer earnings to tax, which lowered the overall average
tax paid by families for a third straight year, bringing the total average
decline since 1989 to $797.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table: Average income tax paid, by family type
______________________________________________________________________________
1992 1993
______________________________________________________________________________
$ constant (1993 dollars)
Elderly married couples 4,431 4,808
Non-elderly married
couples 12,027 11,502
Two-parent families,
one earner 8,922 8,159
Two-parent families,
two earners 13,406 12,897
Female lone-parent
families 2,706 2,178
Total families 10,505 10,234
Elderly unattached 1,885 1,663
Non-elderly unattached 5,020 5,139
Total unattached 4,154 4,135
______________________________________________________________________________
Cash transfers and personal income taxes reduced the income differences
between high- and low-income groups. Families with incomes in the lowest
quintile (the group with the lowest 20% of incomes) averaged a pre-transfer
income of $4,573 in 1993. After receiving transfers and paying taxes, their
after-tax income averaged $16,583. By contrast, the top quintile of families
averaged $103,396 in income before transfers. This was reduced after transfers
and taxes to $80,315. As a result, the income ratio between the two groups
decreased from about 23:1 on a pre-transfer basis to about 5:1 on an after-tax
basis.
In the short term, the business cycle's expansion and contraction influences
taxes and transfers. During a recession, taxes paid decrease and transfers
received increase, while the opposite occurs during an expansion. In the long
term, changes to taxation and transfer programs can modify the impact of
economic expansions and contractions on after-tax income. To make the long-term
comparison, it is useful to analyze two comparable years from the business
cycle: 1984 and 1993, years with similar average after-tax income. (An analysis
of two peak income years, 1980 and 1989, shows comparable results.)
For all families between 1984 and 1993, modest gains in income before
transfers were accompanied by a significant increase in cash transfer payments.
Increased income taxes offset both these gains, leaving after-tax family income
almost the same. By income group, however, the impact was quite different. Only
the lowest quintile saw after-tax income increase over the period. All other
groups saw either real decreases or no change.
Over the 1984-to-1993 period, average income before transfers increased for
the highest (+$4,248) and second-highest (+$1,286) income quintiles, it declined
for the others. The income gains for the two highest groups were completely
offset by significant tax increases. In fact, the tax increases helped defray
most of the dramatic growth in transfer payments shared by all families. The
lowest quintile saw little change in income taxes, with only a $111 rise between
1984 and 1993. This group's 7.0% gain in after-tax income over the period was
due entirely to increased transfer payments, which rose $1,457. The middle
quintile had almost equal increases in transfers and taxes: a fall in after-tax
income for this group was due to lower income before transfers.
On a pre-transfer basis, the income ratio between the highest and lowest
family income quintiles grew from about 18:1 in 1984 to 23:1 in 1993. On an
after-tax basis, the ratio remained unchanged at about 5:1.
Income after tax, distribution by size in Canada, 1993 (13-210, $30) is now
available. See "How to order publications".
Microdata tapes containing data on the 1993 incomes of economic families and
individuals aged 15 and over, along with socio-demographic characteristics, will
be released later. Custom tabulations of the data are available on request.
For further information on this release, contact Rejean Lasnier (613-951-4643
or 613-951-4633), Income and Housing Surveys Section, Household Surveys
Division.
Statistics Canada Tel: (613) 951-7277
Marketing Division Fax: (613) 951-1584
Sales and Service Toll-Free: 1-800-267-6677
120 Parkdale Avenue
Ottawa, Ontario E-Mail: [email protected]
Canada K1A 0T6
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| 929.5 | Alcoholic Beverages | TROOA::COLLINS | The Seal Of Disapproval | Tue Jun 20 1995 18:09 | 141 |
|
From: US3RMC::"[email protected]" 20-JUN-1995 16:32:24.08
Subj: The Daily - June 19, 1995 (fwd)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Control and sale of alcoholic beverages
Fiscal year ended March 31, 1994
Canadians bought less wine and spirits in 1993/94, the sixth straight year that
sales of these beverages dropped. By contrast, beer sales were up slightly for
the first time since 1987/88.
Factors behind the drop include higher prices, changes in drinking habits and
brew-on-premises outlets.
Per capita sales fell, but value rose
Per capita sales to consumers aged 15 and over fell in all three categories
in 1993/94. Spirit sales fell 3.5% to 5.5 litres per capita, beer sales dropped
1.1% to 87.1 litres, and wine sales were down 1.0% to 10.0 litres.
Despite the decline in volume, the value of alcoholic beverage sales grew
about 1% in 1993/94, to $10.5 billion.
In addition, net income of liquor authorities and provincial and territorial
revenue from the control and sale of alcoholic beverages totalled $3.1 billion,
almost unchanged from the previous year.
Domestic alcohol sales dropping faster than sales of imports
Over the past 10 years, sales of domestic alcoholic beverages have decreased
more rapidly than the sales of imports. Despite this trend, domestic spirits and
beer are still sold in much larger volumes than imported brands.
Until the end of the 1980s, sales of Canadian wines usually exceeded sales
of imported wines. Over the past 10 years, sales of Canadian wines have
decreased 11.2%, whereas sales of imported wines have grown 4.6%. As a result,
since 1990/91, more imported wine than domestic wine has been purchased in
Canada.
Note to readers
These statistics on sales of alcoholic beverages by volume should
not be equated with data on the consumption of alcoholic beverages.
The sales volumes presented in the accompanying table include sales
by liquor authorities and their agents, and sales by wineries and
breweries and their outlets that operate under licence from liquor
authorities.
Data on the consumption of alcoholic beverages would include all
of these sales statistics, plus data on homemade wine and beer, wine
and beer manufactured through brew-on-premises operations, sales to
Canadian residents in duty-free shops, and any unrecorded
transactions.
Canada is a major importer of wine and exporter of spirits
Canadian companies exported 77.7 million litres of spirits worldwide in
1993/94 (based on litres of absolute alcohol). This compares with sales of
spirits in Canada, which totalled only 45.2 million litres during the same year.
Canada's major export market is the United States (83.1% of the total), followed
by Japan (6.5%) and the United Kingdom (3.3%).
By contrast, Canada exports almost no wine but imports just over half of all
wine sold. The largest source of imported wine is France (33.2%), followed by
the United States (20.8%) and Italy (16.0%).
As for beer, neither imports nor exports are sizable compared with the
domestic market.
Available on CANSIM: matrices 2728 and 2730-2731.
The control and sale of alcoholic beverages in Canada, fiscal year ended
March 31, 1994 (63-202, $36) is now available. See "How to order publications".
For further information on this release, contact Richard Sauriol
(613-951-1829) or Jeannine D'Angelo (613-951-1834), Public Institutions
Division.
Data are also available through custom and special tabulations. For
information or general inquiries, contact Jo-Anne Thibault, Marketing and Client
Services Co-ordinator (613-951-0767), Public Institutions Division.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table: Volume of sales of alcoholic beverages
Fiscal years ended March 31
______________________________________________________________________________
Sales
_______________________________________________
Spirits Wine Beer
______________________________________________________________________________
millions of litres
1983/84 175 235 2,078
1984/85 169 246 2,073
1985/86 165 256 2,067
1986/87 160 253 2,074
1987/88 162 264 2,128
1988/89 160 255 2,119
1989/90 154 245 2,112
1990/91 145 236 2,082
1991/92 137 231 2,047
1992/93 129 229 1,973
1993/94 127 227 1,986
______________________________________________________________________________
Per capita sales (aged 15 and over)
_______________________________________________
Spirits Wine Beer
______________________________________________________________________________
litres
1983/84 8.8 11.8 106.3
1984/85 8.3 12.2 102.8
1985/86 8.1 12.5 101.2
1986/87 7.8 12.2 100.1
1987/88 7.7 12.5 101.3
1988/89 7.5 12.0 99.5
1989/90 7.1 11.3 97.3
1990/91 6.6 10.7 94.5
1991/92 6.1 10.4 91.7
1992/93 5.7 10.1 87.5
1993/94 5.5 10.0 87.1
______________________________________________________________________________
Statistics Canada Tel: (613) 951-7277
Marketing Division Fax: (613) 951-1584
Sales and Service Toll-Free: 1-800-267-6677
120 Parkdale Avenue
Ottawa, Ontario E-Mail: [email protected]
Canada K1A 0T6
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| 929.6 | Employment In Arts & Culture | TROOA::COLLINS | The Greater Action Area | Thu Jul 20 1995 16:15 | 178 |
|
From: US3RMC::"[email protected]" 20-JUL-1995 09:54:51.65
Subj: The Daily - July 20, 1995 (fwd)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Culture counts
1993
Workers in the visual, literary, performing and audio-visual arts in 1993 were
highly educated, and three times more likely than the average Canadian to be
self-employed. However, half held two or more distinct jobs, and their average
income from cultural activities varied significantly.
In 1993, administrators, directors, producers, teachers and some other
professionals reported, on average, income of more than $31,600 (which was the
average total income of the entire employed labour force reported by the 1991
Census). Visual artists, musicians, dancers and writers reported less for their
average total income. In fact, their income from cultural work was sometimes
substantially less.
Of those surveyed, 51% had a university degree, compared with 15% of the
total experienced Canadian labour force reported by the 1991 Census.
Almost half (46%) of these cultural workers were self-employed, compared with
15% of the entire labour force (according to the 1993 annual averages from the
Labour Force Survey). An additional 32% were both self-employed and employees
in 1993.
These cultural workers were more concentrated in the populous provinces (77%
in Ontario, Quebec and British Columbia), compared with the total labour force.
About 8% of the surveyed cultural work force lived in the Atlantic provinces,
15% in the Prairie provinces and 0.5% in the North.
Painters and sculptors had lowest average income
Cultural income levels in 1993 ranged from an average of $8,800 for people
whose primary occupation was visual artist (painter or sculptor, for example)
to $47,600 for those whose primary occupation was cultural administrator and
supervisor.
Those levels were higher when all income sources (employment earnings,
interest, royalties, grants, etc.) were included. For example, visual artists
reported average total income of $15,100, 42% above their average income from
cultural activities. The total for administrators and supervisors was $50,100,
or 5% above their average income from cultural activities.
Note to readers
This release unveils the first data from the Cultural Labour
Force Survey, commissioned by Human Resources Development Canada to
gather information for the development of training and employment
programs in the cultural sector.
Analysis of other Statistics Canada data shows that the cultural
sector represents a significant part of the Canadian economy. It has
a direct economic impact estimated at $16 billion (2.7% of gross
domestic product) and a labour force of more than 670,000.
The survey targeted 201,000 paid or unpaid career-oriented
individuals working as artists, administrators, professionals and
technicians in 14 selected areas: visual arts, crafts, design,
literary arts, performing arts, film and video, broadcasting,
cultural education, sound recording, book publishing, periodical
publishing, heritage institutions, public libraries and other
libraries.
The first results from the survey focussed on 94,000 people
involved in the visual, literary, performing and audio-visual arts.
Additional data on publishing, sound recording and heritage will be
released at the end of August. Some data relating to non-surveyed
areas of the cultural sector (telecommunications carriers, printing,
distribution and retailing, as well as support personnel) are
available from the 1991 Census of Canada and other Statistics Canada
sources.
The survey, conducted in 1994, was developed with the extensive
co-operation of the Canadian Human Resources Council, Canadian
Conference on the Arts, Canada Council, Department of Canadian
Heritage, and many other individuals from the cultural community.
These bodies also gave expert advice on content and coverage. In
addition, more than 1,000 cultural organizations provided membership
or employee lists to help develop the list of people from which to
sample. The results focus on patterns of employment in 1993, worker
characteristics (such as education and skills), income, training and
the impact of technological change.
The occupations included in the results are based on the Standard
Occupation Classification (SOC) of 1980. The results based on the
1991 SOC will be released at the end of August, and will provide
additional detail on cultural occupations, such as craftspeople and
arts administrators.
The same held true for other occupations. Musicians, dancers and
choreographers reported an average cultural income of $12,800 in 1993. Including
other income sources, the average rose to $18,900 for musicians and $15,000 for
dancers and choreographers. Writers reported an average total income of $27,400,
of which $19,200 came exclusively from cultural activities.
Women formed a majority in four occupational groups: visual artists (60%),
dancers and choreographers (69%), teachers (53%) and clerical/sales (63%).
Overall, 6 of every 10 individuals in the surveyed cultural work force were men.
Most individuals in the surveyed cultural work force reported having some
form of post secondary education. Only 17% of respondents reported having
secondary school or less as their highest level of schooling. In some groups,
such as writers and teachers, more than 80% had received at least some
university education.
Multiple jobs were common
Half the individuals surveyed had two or more distinct jobs. Overall, each
cultural worker held an average of 1.7 jobs.
Many cultural workers were both self-employed and employees. Such individuals
held an average of 2.6 jobs. Jobs for self-employed cultural workers are defined
to represent each separate profession in which they are involved. For example,
a person who is working as a painter and as a freelance journalist is deemed to
have two jobs.
The survey results dispel the stereotype that artists tend to supplement
cultural income by working in sales and service occupations. Most (89%) of all
jobs held by cultural workers were managerial (such as production managers or
arts administrators), professional (such as artists or teachers), or technical
(such as stage hands or sound editors). By comparison, these occupations
represented less than 60% of Canada's overall employment. As well, over 88% of
the cultural labour force reported their primary occupation (the one where they
worked the most hours) was within the cultural sector. In particular, for 75%
of those who were artists, it was their primary job.
Training needs are not always met
Although the surveyed cultural workers were highly educated, their
professional development needs were not always met. Just over one in three (35%)
indicated they wanted but did not receive additional education or training
related to their work. Most often (50%) they did not actually receive training
because it was too expensive.
Further, as many of these workers are self-employed, they are not normally
eligible for the kinds of in-house training programs available to many
employees. On-the-job self-learning was reported most often as the source of
development of knowledge and skills (36%), followed by university (17%),
workshops (12%), private lessons (8%), courses (7%), college (5%) and
apprenticeship or mentorship (4%).
One area where respondents sought training was to deal with changes in
technology. Since 1990, technological change (including computer, video
satellites, digital music, new media, other equipment and material advances) has
affected two of three individuals in the cultural sector. Almost 30% reported
that they had received training as a result of such change.
Individuals in the management and administration areas most frequently
reported being affected by change, followed by those in other visual and
commercial arts (includes graphic artists).
Data from the Cultural Labour Force Survey are now available. Selected
details are available in table format, and custom tabulations can be requested
on a cost-recovery basis.
The Fall 1995 (vol. 7, no. 3) issue of Focus on culture (87-004, $8/$26) from
the Culture Statistics Program will be devoted to a summary of the survey's
data. See "How to order publications".
For further information on this release, or to order tables, contact Pina La
Novara (613-951-1573), Education, Culture and Tourism Division. The toll-free
number for the survey is 1-800-661-2100.
The results of the survey will be used by the Cultural Human Resources
Council to develop and implement a human resources development strategy for the
cultural sector. For further information on the work of the council, contact
Marie Palmer (613-565-7956). For information on the use of this survey by Human
Resources Development Canada and on their other sponsored projects relating to
the cultural sector, contact Paul Thompson (613-957-0853).
Statistics Canada Tel: (613) 951-7277
Marketing Division Fax: (613) 951-1584
Sales and Service Toll-Free: 1-800-267-6677
120 Parkdale Avenue
Ottawa, Ontario E-Mail: [email protected]
Canada K1A 0T6
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| 929.7 | Crime & Homicide Rates - 1994 | TROOA::COLLINS | Careful! That sponge has corners! | Wed Aug 02 1995 15:02 | 531 |
|
From: US3RMC::"[email protected]" 2-AUG-1995 09:47:47.94
Subj: The Daily - August 2, 1995 (fwd)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Crime statistics
1994
The crime rate in Canada dropped 5% in 1994, the third straight annual decrease.
All major categories of violent and property crimes contributed to this drop.
The decline was felt in most regions and in most major cities. Overall, the
youth crime rate also dropped for a third straight year.
In total, police reported 2.92 million Criminal Code and other federal
statute incidents. Over half were property-related, while just over 1 in 10 were
violent. The remainder included offences such as mischief, impaired driving,
drug offences, arson and prostitution.
Violent crime dropped for second year in a row
Canadians regard fluctuations in the violent crime rate as an important
barometer of public safety. The violent crime rate dropped 3% in 1994, the
largest drop since data collection began in 1962. This decline and the slight
decline in 1993 followed 15 years of annual increases in the violent crime rate.
Minor assaults accounted for 6 in 10 violent crimes. Such assaults decreased
slightly in 1994, while all other more serious violent crimes showed larger
decreases. The homicide rate dropped 6% in 1994. The 596 reported homicides
resulted in a rate of 2.04 homicides per 100,000 population-the lowest in 25
years. The rates dropped for attempted murder (-8%), serious assault (-4%),
sexual assault (-10%), other sexual offences (-10%), robbery (-5%), and
abduction (-7%).
Based on a one-third sample of criminal incidents, it was found that: 4 in
10 violent incidents involved a weapon (8% involved firearms and 10% knives);
7 in 10 victims of violent crime knew their assailant; and, men and women were
at equal risk of being victims of violent crime. Women were much more likely to
be victims of sexual offences and somewhat more likely to be victims of minor
assault. Men were much more likely to be victims of homicide, attempted murder,
serious assault and robbery.
Third straight decline in property crimes
The property crime rate dropped 6% in 1994, the third consecutive decline.
The rate of minor thefts (under $1,000), which account for almost half of
property crime, dropped 7%. The rate of thefts over $1,000 declined slightly.
Breaking and entering, considered the most serious property crime, dropped 6%.
Note to readers
In this text, the term crime rate refers to total police-reported
Criminal Code incidents, excluding traffic. Also, for incidents
involving multiple offences, only the most serious offence in the
incident is counted.
The figures in the tables reflect actual incidents, while the
figures in the text refer to the actual number of persons charged.
In recent years, motor vehicle theft has been the only property crime on the
rise, showing a 61% increase in the rate from 1988 to 1993. Although the
national motor vehicle theft rate levelled off in 1994 (+1%), different patterns
were evident across the country. Saskatchewan, Manitoba and Ontario reported
large increases, whereas Alberta, Newfoundland and Quebec reported large
decreases. Youths aged 12 to 17 accounted for almost half the persons accused
of this crime.
Third straight drop in youth crime
Youths aged 12 to 17 made up 22% of all persons charged with crimes in 1994.
The crime rate for youths declined 6%, the third straight annual decline. The
youth property crime rate dropped 9%, while the youth violent crime rate dropped
less than 1%. From 1986 to 1993, youth violent crime had been increasing at an
average annual rate of 12%.
Most youth crimes (58%) are property crimes, compared with 38% for adults.
Although violent crime accounted for a smaller proportion of youths charged
(18%) than adults charged (30%), youth violent crime has been increasing at a
faster pace than adult violent crime. Since 1986, the youth violent crime rate
has increased 124%, compared with a 40% rise for adults.
Impaired driving and prostitution down, cannabis incidents up
The rate of persons charged with impaired driving dropped 6% in 1994, the
eleventh straight annual decline. While this downward trend may reflect the
success of campaigns against drinking and drunk driving, these numbers are also
directly affected by levels of police enforcement.
The rate of prostitution incidents dropped 35% in 1994. However, this may be
more attributable to changes in police enforcement practices than to an actual
drop in incidents of this crime.
The rate of drug incidents was up 5% in 1994, largely due to an 11% increase
in cannabis incidents. All other drug incidents saw a rate decrease, including
a 3% drop in cocaine incidents. The rate of cocaine incidents had tripled
between 1984 and 1993.
Lower crime rates in the East
The historical pattern of lower crime rates in the East than in the West
continued in 1994. All provinces and territories followed the national trend of
a decline in the crime rate in 1994-except for Manitoba, where the rate remained
unchanged. Substantial decreases were experienced in Alberta (-12%) and Prince
Edward Island (-13%).
Crime dropped in most major cities
Most major cities reported a drop in their overall crime rates in 1994. Both
Edmonton (-19%) and Calgary (-14%) reported large decreases for the third
straight year. Since 1991, the crime rate has dropped 40% in Edmonton and 30%
in Calgary. This decline can be attributed to a number of factors, including a
commitment to community-based policing initiatives in these two cities.
Canada's two largest cities also reported lower crime rates in 1994: both
Toronto and Montreal were down 7%. In Toronto, decreases were reported in both
the violent crime rate (-6%) and the property crime rate (-9%). Montreal's
violent crime rate remained unchanged, while the property crime rate decreased
9%. The Montreal metropolitan area reported 30 fewer homicides in 1994 than in
1993.
Available on CANSIM: matrix 2200.
"Canadian crime statistics, 1994" appears in the vol. 15, no. 12 Juristat
(85-002, $10/$90), which is now available. See "How to order publications".
For further information on these data, as well as data on the new offence of
criminal harassment (stalking), contact Information and Client Services
(613-951-9023, toll-free in Canada: 1-800-387-2231), Canadian Centre for Justice
Statistics.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table: Police-reported incidents, by most serious offence
______________________________________________________________________________
1994 1993 to 1994
______________________________________________________________________________
number rate(1) % change in rate
Violent crime 303,398 1,037.3 -3.2
Homicide 596 2.0 -6.4
Attempted murder 918 3.1 -7.7
Assaults 236,364 808.1 -1.9
Sexual assaults 31,690 108.3 -9.8
Other sexual offences 3,812 13.0 -9.6
Abduction 1,130 3.9 -7.1
Robbery 28,888 98.8 -4.6
Property crime 1,524,931 5,213.8 -5.6
Break and enter 387,877 1,326.2 -5.6
Motor vehicle theft 159,663 545.9 0.8
Theft over $1,000 116,295 397.6 -2.3
Theft $1,000 and under 727,364 2,486.9 -7.0
Having stolen goods 30,522 104.4 -2.0
Fraud 103,210 352.9 -9.7
Other Criminal Code
crimes 804,501 2,750.6 -3.7
Mischief 396,596 1,356.0 -5.6
Prostitution 5,588 19.1 -35.1
Arson 13,565 46.4 7.6
Offensive weapons 18,919 64.7 0.7
Other 369,833 1,264.5 -1.4
Total Criminal Code
excluding traffic
crimes 2,632,830 9,001.7 -4.8
Impaired driving 106,979 365.8 -10.0
Other Criminal Code
traffic crimes 78,662 268.9 -3.0
Drugs 60,594 207.2 5.5
Other federal statutes 40,492 138.4 -17.0
Total federal statutes 2,919,557 9,982.0 -4.9
______________________________________________________________________________
Youths aged
12 to 17
______________________________________________________________________________
as a % of total persons charged
Violent crime 15
Homicide 11
Attempted murder 15
Assaults 13
Sexual assaults 15
Other sexual offences 16
Abduction 6
Robbery 31
Property crime 30
Break and enter 40
Motor vehicle theft 45
Theft over $1,000 20
Theft $1,000 and under 31
Having stolen goods 30
Fraud 7
Other Criminal Code
crimes 18
Mischief 30
Prostitution 3
Arson 39
Offensive weapons 23
Other 15
Total Criminal Code
excluding traffic
crimes 22
Impaired driving ..
Other Criminal Code
traffic crimes ..
Drugs 11
Other federal statutes 22
Total federal statutes ..
______________________________________________________________________________
(1) Rates are calculated based on 100,000 population.
(..) Figures not available.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table: Crime rates for selected cities
______________________________________________________________________________
Violent crime Property
crime
_______________________ ______________________________ _____________
1994 1993 to 1994 1994
______________________________________________________________________________
rate % change in rate rate
Halifax 1,762 2.0 7,761
Montreal 1,359 -0.1 6,703
Ottawa 1,524 -14.8 9,859
Toronto 1,252 -6.4 5,515
Winnipeg 1,371 1.8 7,877
Regina 1,091 -1.1 9,333
Calgary 858 3.1 6,271
Edmonton 1,097 -20.7 6,618
Vancouver 1,636 -4.8 13,440
______________________________________________________________________________
Property Total Criminal Code
crime
_______________________ _____________ ______________________________
1993 to 1994 1994 1993 to 1994
______________________________________________________________________________
% change in rate rate % change in rate
Halifax -13.0 13,739 -9.3
Montreal -9.4 10,278 -7.4
Ottawa -2.0 16,019 -4.5
Toronto -8.5 9,579 -7.0
Winnipeg 3.7 12,254 0.7
Regina 3.3 13,643 0.2
Calgary -14.7 8,871 -13.7
Edmonton -17.8 10,223 -19.0
Vancouver 4.5 19,260 1.4
______________________________________________________________________________
Note: Rates are calculated per 100,000 population.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Homicide statistics
1994
The homicide rate decreased in 1994 for a third straight year, reaching a
25-year low. Despite annual fluctuations, the rate has been gradually decreasing
over the last 20 years after increasing sharply during the 1960s and early
1970s. The 1994 rate of 2.04 homicides per 100,000 population was 6% lower than
in 1993, and 32% lower than the peak in 1975.
There were 596 homicides reported in 1994, 34 fewer than in 1993. This
decrease was due primarily to a large decline in the Montreal metropolitan area
(30 fewer homicides than in 1993). As a result, the province of Quebec reported
its lowest homicide rate since 1968. Among the other provinces, only New
Brunswick and Alberta reported an increase in their 1994 rate. Alberta's rate
was still below average for that province; its 1993 rate was unusually low.
Historically, homicide rates have generally increased from east to west. This
trend continued in 1994, with British Columbia recording the highest provincial
rate for a third consecutive year, and Newfoundland the lowest for a second
consecutive year.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table: Homicide by province and territory
______________________________________________________________________________
1994 1993
______________________________________________________________________________
homicides rate(1) homicides
Canada 596 2.04 630
Newfoundland 4 0.69 7
Prince Edward Island 1 0.74 2
Nova Scotia 19 2.03 19
New Brunswick 15 1.98 11
Quebec 126 1.73 159
Ontario 192 1.76 193
Manitoba 29 2.56 31
Saskatchewan 24 2.36 30
Alberta 66 2.43 49
British Columbia 113 3.08 122
Yukon 3 9.97 0
Northwest Territories 4 6.22 7
______________________________________________________________________________
1993
______________________________________________________________________________
rate(1,r)
Canada 2.18
Newfoundland 1.20
Prince Edward Island 1.50
Nova Scotia 2.04
New Brunswick 1.46
Quebec 2.20
Ontario 1.78
Manitoba 2.75
Saskatchewan 2.96
Alberta 1.82
British Columbia 3.41
Yukon 0.00
Northwest Territories 11.04
______________________________________________________________________________
(1) Rates are calculated per 100,000 population using updated post-censal
estimates.
(r) Revised figures.
Crime, particularly homicide, is often considered to be an urban phenomenon.
In 1994, 63% of all homicides occurred in one of Canada's 25 census metropolitan
areas (CMAs). In the same year, these 25 CMAs comprised 61% of the population,
meaning that major urban areas were only slightly over-represented in terms of
homicide occurrences, consistent with previous years.
Among the nine CMAs with populations of 500,000 and over, Vancouver, Edmonton
and Winnipeg reported the highest rates. Both Vancouver and Edmonton had fewer
homicides in 1994 than in 1993. Quebec and Ottawa-Hull reported the lowest
rates.
Shootings again accounted for one-third of all homicides
Over the past 15 years, shootings have consistently accounted for about
one-third of all homicides with a known cause of death. This trend continued in
1994: 90 homicides were committed with a handgun, 66 with a rifle or shotgun,
26 with a sawed-off rifle or sawed-off shotgun, and 14 with a fully automatic
firearm.
Handguns accounted for 15% of all homicides, up slightly from 1993 but down
from 18% in both 1991 and 1992. Other common methods included stabbing (26%),
beating (18%), strangulation or suffocation (14%), fire or burns (3%), and
poisoning (2%).
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table: Causes of death in homicides
1994
______________________________________________________________________________
Percentage
of all
homicides
______________________________________________________________________________
Shootings 32.9
Handguns 15.1
Rifles/shotguns 11.1
Sawed-off
rifles/shotguns 4.4
Fully automatic
firearms 2.3
Stabbings 25.8
Beatings 17.8
Strangulation/suffocat-
ion 13.9
Fire/burns 2.9
Poisoning 1.8
Other 3.9
Unknown 1.0
Total 100.0
______________________________________________________________________________
Almost 9 in 10 victims knew their killers
In 1994, 80% of homicide incidents were solved by police, consistent with
previous years. For those incidents where an accused was identified, 18% of the
victims were killed by a spouse or ex-spouse, 10% by a parent, 12% by another
family member, 46% by an acquaintance, and 13% by a stranger (1% unknown).
The proportion of homicides committed by strangers has remained relatively
stable over the past 10 years, ranging from 12% to 18%. The number of spousal
homicides in 1994 (85) was fewer than in both 1993 (87) and 1992 (105). Spousal
homicides continued to account for about 1 in 6 solved homicides.
Infants at greatest risk
The age of greatest risk of being a victim of homicide in 1994 was the first
year of life. Of the 27 victims under one year of age, 11 were killed by their
father, 9 by their mother, 3 by another family member, and 1 by an acquaintance
of the family (the accused was unknown for the other 3 victims).
During the last 10 years, an average of 20 children under the age of one have
been killed each year. Although children under one year of age were also at
greatest risk in 1993, this pattern does not hold true for all years.
Homicides committed by youths increased
In 1994, 57 youths aged 12 to 17 were accused of committing homicide,
compared with 35 in 1993 and 58 in 1992. Youths represented 11% of all accused
persons in 1994, the largest proportion in 10 years. Youths accounted for an
average of 8% of all homicide suspects during the last 10 years.
One in ten homicides drug-related
According to police, there was evidence of drug trafficking or the settling
of drug-related accounts in 1 in 10 homicides in 1994, consistent with previous
years.
Available on CANSIM: matrices 2198-2199.
"Homicide in Canada, 1994" appears in the vol. 15, no. 11 Juristat
(85-002, $10/$90), which is now available. See "How to order publications".
For further information on this release, contact Information and Client
Services (613-951-9023, toll-free in Canada: 1-800-387-2231), Canadian Centre
for Justice Statistics.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table: Homicide by census metropolitan area (500,000+ population)
______________________________________________________________________________
1994
______________________________________________________________________________
population ('000) homicides homicide rate(1)
Toronto 4,281.9 85 1.99
Montreal 3,322.4 75 2.26
Vancouver 1,774.7 48 2.70
Ottawa-Hull 1,010.3 17 1.68
Ontario 759.5 12 1.58
Quebec 250.8 5 1.99
Edmonton 888.5 24 2.70
Calgary 814.5 18 2.21
Quebec 683.8 11 1.61
Winnipeg 680.5 18 2.65
Hamilton 636.9 13 2.04
Total 14,093.5 309 2.19
______________________________________________________________________________
1993
______________________________________________________________________________
population ('000) homicides homicide rate(1, r)
Toronto 4,189.3 71 1.69
Montreal 3,275.6 105 3.21
Vancouver 1,737.5 63 3.63
Ottawa-Hull 996.5 16 1.61
Ontario 751.7 12 1.60
Quebec 244.8 4 1.63
Edmonton 881.0 27 3.06
Calgary 800.7 10 1.25
Quebec 682.9 13 1.90
Winnipeg 674.3 17 2.52
Hamilton 632.6 8 1.26
Total 13,870.4 330 2.38
______________________________________________________________________________
(1) Rates are calculated per 100,000 population.
(r) Revised figures.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PUBLICATIONS RELEASED
Juristat: Homicide in Canada, 1994. Vol. 15, no. 11
Catalogue Number 85-002
(Canada: $10/$90; United States: US$12/US$108; other countries: US$14/US$126).
Juristat: Canadian crime statistics, 1994. Vol. 15, no. 12
Catalogue Number 85-002
(Canada: $10/$90; United States: US$12/US$108; other countries: US$14/US$126).
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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|
| 929.8 | Canadians on the move... | TROOA::COLLINS | A 9-track mind... | Tue Aug 15 1995 13:52 | 208 |
|
From: US3RMC::"[email protected]" 15-AUG-1995 12:03:58.73
Subj: The Daily - August 15, 1995 (fwd)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Migration estimates
1993 to 1994
Between 1993 and 1994, fewer Canadians were on the move, both cross-country and
internationally. The number of individuals migrating within Canada, combined
with those entering and leaving Canada, fell 5.3% to 1,472,249 between 1993 and
1994.
The downturn was the largest since the 1990-to-1991 period, and may have been
related to the economy. Armed Forces and Foreign Affairs officials were making
fewer moves, and private sector companies were moving fewer employees across the
country.
Between 1993 and 1994, for the first time in nine years, Newfoundland was the
province with the largest net population loss due to migration, as Newfoundland
lost 4,549 more individuals than it gained. The largest proportion of them (24%)
moved to Ontario. In fact, most migrants from the Atlantic provinces chose
Ontario as their destination.
Migration increased to British Columbia
British Columbia was the only province that gained more people through
migration between 1993 and 1994 than it did between 1992 and 1993.
Ontario, Quebec and Alberta lost interprovincially, but gained internationally
Ontario, Quebec and Alberta gained more than three times as many people
internationally as they lost interprovincially.
Ontario ranked first by gaining more individuals than it lost from migration,
for a net gain of 87,532 migrants. Ontario's net gain was mostly because a large
number of migrants from abroad settled there. However, it was the first time in
10 years that the net gain from international migration declined in Ontario.
Even though Ontario had a net gain from international migration, the province
continued to lose population to the other provinces and territories. For the
past five years, Ontario has consistently shown a net loss of people to British
Columbia, Alberta, Prince Edward Island and the Northwest Territories.
Of those who migrated to Ontario, 21% came from another country. Among the
migrants moving into all the provinces and territories, this was the highest
proportion of foreign immigrants. The largest proportion of all migrants were
in the 25-to-44 age group (42%), followed by those in the 0-to-17 age group
(23%).
Note to readers
Migration estimates are for long-distance movers: people who
moved between census divisions, arrived from another country or left
for another country. They are derived by comparing addresses
supplied on personal income tax returns from one year to the next.
Moves across town or across the street were not counted.
These migration estimates are for the period from April 1993 to
April 1994.
Census division is a general term applying to geographic areas
that are larger than the census subdivision (for example, a city or
town) but smaller than the province.
The situation was similar in Quebec and Alberta. Quebec would have lost
population through migration without a net gain of migrants from abroad.
Quebec's population grew by 19,663 from net migration in the 1993-to-1994
period. Alberta had a net international gain of 10,049 migrants, which more than
compensated for its interprovincial loss of 1,630 migrants.
New Brunswick was the only province or territory to have a net loss to
international migration. In fact, its net loss to international migration
quadrupled compared with that of the 1992-to-1993 period.
Migration rates
Net interprovincial migration rates show the net interprovincial gain or loss
for every 1,000 inhabitants. Although Ontario had the highest net migration
gain, British Columbia had the top net migration rate, at 22.1 per 1,000
inhabitants. Ontario was a distant second at 8.1.
Vancouver-the most popular destination
In the 1993-to-1994 period, for a third consecutive year, Greater Vancouver
was the census division with the largest population growth from migration.
Greater Vancouver had a net population gain of 37,015; in Ontario, the gain in
Peel was 18,314, while York gained 14,869.
As for the 1992-to-1993 period, the census division with the largest net loss
to migration was the Montreal urban community (-5,587). A large number of people
moved to surrounding areas (mostly Laval) and other provinces. International
migration to the Montreal urban community decreased from the previous year's
level, but was still fairly high at 20,243.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table: Top census divisions, by net migration gain
______________________________________________________________________________
Net Net
migration migration
gain gain per
1,000
inhabitants
______________________________________________________________________________
Vancouver, British
Columbia 37,015 22.1
Peel, Ontario 18,314 22.3
York, Ontario 14,869 25.9
Toronto, Ontario 11,673 4.9
Division 6, Calgary,
Alberta 8,823 10.3
______________________________________________________________________________
Less migration among the young
At the provincial level, there were decreases in the number of migrants in
the 18-to-24 and 25-to-44 age groups. For the 25-to-44 age group, Newfoundland,
Nova Scotia, Manitoba and the Yukon had higher net losses than in the
1992-to-1993 period. Prince Edward Island, Quebec, Ontario and Alberta gained
fewer individuals in that age group than they did between 1992 and 1993.
Migration estimates are available for census divisions and for the provinces
and territories. Four tables on migration are available, which include data on
the ages of migrants, their sex, and their census division of origin and
destination.
For further information on this release, contact Client Services
(613-951-9720, fax: 613-951-4745), Small Area and Administrative Data Division.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table: Net migration
______________________________________________________________________________
1993 to 1994
_______________________________________________
Interprovincial migration
_______________________________________________
In Out Net
______________________________________________________________________________
Newfoundland 6,580 11,532 -4,952
Prince Edward Island 2,688 2,066 622
Nova Scotia 15,259 17,146 -1,887
New Brunswick 10,725 11,396 -671
Quebec 23,777 32,535 -8,758
Ontario 64,625 74,045 -9,420
Manitoba 15,253 19,867 -4,614
Saskatchewan 16,828 22,259 -5,431
Alberta 51,763 53,393 -1,630
British Columbia 76,549 38,678 37,871
Yukon 3,303 3,339 -36
Northwest Territories 1,558 2,652 -1,094
______________________________________________________________________________
1993 to 1994
_______________________________________________
International migration
_______________________________________________
In Out Net
______________________________________________________________________________
Newfoundland 663 260 403
Prince Edward Island 141 74 67
Nova Scotia 3,034 804 2,230
New Brunswick 572 936 -364
Quebec 34,457 6,036 28,421
Ontario 115,924 18,972 96,952
Manitoba 4,435 2,238 2,197
Saskatchewan 2,244 969 1,275
Alberta 17,555 7,506 10,049
British Columbia 47,963 6,864 41,099
Yukon 104 65 39
Northwest Territories 134 83 51
______________________________________________________________________________
1993 to 1994 1992 to 1993
_____________ _____________
Total net Total net
migration migration
______________________________________________________________________________
Newfoundland -4,549 -2,594
Prince Edward Island 689 724
Nova Scotia 343 1,649
New Brunswick -1,035 -1,477
Quebec 19,663 32,747
Ontario 87,532 107,655
Manitoba -2,417 -2,394
Saskatchewan -4,156 -4,705
Alberta 8,419 8,764
British Columbia 78,970 71,217
Yukon -1,055 -220
Northwest Territories 15 -338
______________________________________________________________________________
Statistics Canada Tel: (613) 951-7277
Marketing Division Fax: (613) 951-1584
Sales and Service Toll-Free: 1-800-267-6677
120 Parkdale Avenue
Ottawa, Ontario E-Mail: [email protected]
Canada K1A 0T6
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|
| 929.9 | Very Educational | TROOA::MCRAM | Marshall Cram DTN 631-7162 | Thu Aug 17 1995 10:17 | 5 |
|
Is there going to be a test on all this?
|
| 929.10 | | TROOA::COLLINS | A 9-track mind... | Thu Aug 17 1995 11:27 | 7 |
|
Hey, be thankful I didn't give you the stats on crushed oilseeds,
or corrogated cardboard production, or steel-rolling, or Canadians
travelling abroad, or light-bulb production, or battery sales, or...
:^)
|
| 929.11 | y | TROOA::MCRAM | Marshall Cram DTN 631-7162 | Thu Aug 17 1995 12:56 | 7 |
|
You're going to deprive us of them?
Damn.
|
| 929.12 | | TROOA::COLLINS | A 9-track mind... | Thu Aug 17 1995 13:22 | 359 |
|
.11
>You're going to deprive us of them?
Not necessarily.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Raw materials price index, early estimate
July 1995
The raw materials price index declined an estimated 1.5% in July 1995 compared
with June 1995. A 6.8% decrease in the mineral fuels index led the decline,
followed by the wood index (-0.8%); these were partly offset by increases in the
vegetable and animal products (+1.3%) and metals (+0.5%) indexes. Excluding
mineral fuels, the index increased an estimated 0.4% in July.
This early estimate of the July 1995 index is based on partial returns and
other indicators. The regular index will be published at the end of August.
For further information on this release, contact Paul-Romeo Danis
(613-951-3350, fax: 613-951-2848), Client Service Unit, Prices Division.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Steel wire and specified wire products
June 1995
Shipments of steel wire and specified wire products totalled 70 221 tonnes in
June, down 3.8% from 72 980 tonnes (revised) in June 1994. Data on production
and export markets for selected commodities are also available.
Available on CANSIM: matrix 122 (series 19).
The June 1995 issue of Steel wire and specified wire products
(41-006, $6/$60) will be available shortly. See "How to order publications".
For further information on this release, contact Doug Higgins (613-951-9837),
Industry Division.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Electric storage batteries
June 1995
Manufacturers of electric storage batteries sold 136,365 automotive and
heavy-duty commercial replacement batteries in June, down 18.1% from 166,580
batteries in June 1994.
For January to June 1995, shipments totalled 645,893 batteries, down 26.7%
from 881,687 batteries the previous year.
Sales data for other types of storage batteries are also available.
The June 1995 issue of Factory sales of electric storage batteries
(43-005, $6/$60) will be available shortly. See "How to order publications".
For further information on this release, contact Laurie Vincent
(613-951-3523), Industry Division.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Shipments of solid fuel-burning heating products
Second quarter 1995
Shipments of solid fuel-burning heating products totalled $8.7 million in the
second quarter 1995, an 18.8% decrease from $10.7 million (revised) during the
second quarter of 1994.
Data for the second quarter of 1995 on manufacturers' shipments of solid
fuel-burning heating products are now available.
The second quarter 1995 issue of Shipments of solid fuel-burning heating
products (25-002, $6/$24) will be available shortly. See "How to order
publications".
For further information on this release, contact Keith Martin (613-951-3518),
Industry Division.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Groups designated for employment equity
1991
Fact sheets on the employment equity designated groups, 1991 profiles the groups
designated for employment equity: women, visible minorities, aboriginal peoples,
and persons with disabilities. These fact sheets cover variables such as income,
occupation, level of schooling and labour force participation. For the four
groups, the data are presented for the provinces, territories and census
metropolitan areas. For visible minorities and aboriginal peoples, the fact
sheets also profile the sub-groups within these two designated groups.
The publication Fact sheets on the employment equity designated groups, 1991
(89-6010XPE, $43) is now available. See "How to order publications".
For further information on this release, contact Karen Kelly (613-951-2598),
Housing, Family and Social Statistics Division.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Fluid power products
1994
Data for 1994 from the Survey on Fluid Power Products Manufactured in Canada are
now available.
For further information on this release, contact Paul Johanis (613-951-0662),
Small Business and Special Surveys Division.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Oil pipeline transport
May 1995
Net receipts of crude oil and equivalent hydrocarbons totalled 10 768 811 cubic
metres in May, down 0.6% from May 1994. Year-to-date receipts to the end of May
1995 (53 827 881 cubic metres) rose 2.6% over the same period in 1994. Net
receipts of liquefied petroleum gases and refined petroleum products in May
(5 652 785 cubic metres) declined 2.0% from May 1994. Year-to-date receipts
declined 0.5% to 30 109 237 cubic metres.
Pipeline exports of crude oil (5 323 878 cubic metres) increased 21.2% from
May 1994; pipeline imports (705 556 cubic metres) declined 33.8%. Year-to-date
exports of crude at the end of May 1995 (24 360 580 cubic metres) were up 9.2%
from 1994; year-to-date imports (3 896 541 cubic metres) decreased 15.8%.
Canadian crude oil has found a ready market in the United States, where
indigenous production has been declining in recent years.
May deliveries of crude oil by pipeline to Canadian refineries totalled
4 599 075 cubic metres, an 8.8% decrease from 1994. May deliveries of liquid
petroleum gases and refined petroleum products increased 9.8% to 422 712 cubic
metres. Year-to-date deliveries of crude oil to refineries at the end of May
1995 totalled 24 926 121 cubic metres, down 5.1% from the same period in 1994.
Available on CANSIM: matrix 181.
The May 1995 issue of Oil pipeline transport (55-001, $11/$110) will be
available shortly. See "How to order publications".
For further information on this release, contact Gerard O'Connor
(613-951-3562), Energy Section, Industry Division.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Specified domestic electrical appliances
June 1995
Year-to-date shipments of kitchen appliances to the end of June 1995 amounted
to 185,908 units.
Data for June 1995 on the shipments of kitchen appliances are confidential
to meet the secrecy requirements of the Statistics Act.
The June 1995 issue of Specified domestic electrical appliances
(43-003, $6/$60) will be available shortly. See "How to order publications".
For further information on this release, contact Laurie Vincent
(613-951-3523), Industry Division.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Crushing of oilseeds
June 1995
Oilseed processors crushed 205 000 tonnes of canola in June, up 15% from June
1994 (179 000 tonnes). At the end of June 1995, processors reported the
following stocks: 81 000 tonnes of canola seed, 29 000 tonnes of canola oil and
47 000 tonnes of canola meal.
Available on CANSIM: matrix 5687.
The June 1995 issue of Cereals and oilseeds review (22-007, $15/$144) will
be released shortly. See "How to order publications".
For further information on this release, contact Jeannine Fleury
(613-951-3859), Grain Marketing Unit, Agriculture Division.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Deliveries of major grains
June 1995
Data on the June deliveries of major grains are now available.
Available on CANSIM: matrices 976-981.
The June issue of Cereals and oilseeds review (22-007, $15/$144) will be
released shortly. See "How to order publications".
For further information on this release, contact Jeannine Fleury
(613-951-3859), Agriculture Division.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Short-term expectations survey
Every month for five years, Statistics Canada has canvassed a group of economic
analysts (on average 20) for one-month-ahead forecasts of key economic
indicators. Participants in this survey forecast the year-over-year changes in
the consumer price index, the unemployment rate, and merchandise exports and
imports. They also forecast the monthly change in gross domestic product at
constant prices.
An evaluation of the accuracy of the mean forecast in the March 1993 issue
of Canadian economic observer showed it to be superior to the mean naive
forecasts, and suggested that the quality of the forecasts improved over time.
- The mean forecast for July's consumer price index is a
year-over-year change of +2.5%. Opinions range from a minimum
change of +2.0% to a maximum of +3.0%. The mean forecast for
June (+2.7%) matched the outcome.
- The forecasters estimate July's unemployment rate to be 9.6%.
Their estimates range from a minimum of 9.5% to a maximum of
9.8%. In June, the mean forecast (9.6%) matched the outcome.
- The mean forecast of exports in June is $20.3 billion, down
from $20.4 billion for May. Opinions range from a minimum of
$19.8 billion to a maximum of $21.2 billion. The mean forecast
of imports in June is $19.1 billion. Forecasts range from a
minimum of $18.2 billion to a maximum of $20.0 billion. It is
an increase of $0.4 billion from the previous month's
forecast, which underestimated the outcome of $19.3 billion.
- The mean forecast for real GDP in June is a 0.1% increase.
Opinions range widely from a minimum change of -0.2% to a
maximum of +0.4%. The May forecast, which predicted no change,
underestimated the actual outcome of +0.3%.
The next release will be on September 1.
For a set of tables, or for further information on this release, contact Fred
Wong (613-951-2994) or Diane Lachapelle (613-951-0568).
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Asphalt roofing
June 1995
Shipments of asphalt shingles totalled 2 823 845 metric bundles in June, a 35.6%
drop from 4 384 703 metric bundles shipped a year earlier.
For January to June 1995, shipments amounted to 18 282 962 metric bundles,
a 0.7% decrease from 18 411 336 metric bundles shipped during the same period
in 1994.
Available on CANSIM: matrices 32 and 122 (series 27 and 28).
The June 1995 issue of Asphalt roofing (45-001, $6/$60) will be available
shortly. See "How to order publications".
For further information on this release, contact Bruno Pepin (613-951-3516),
Industry Division.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Rigid insulating board
June 1995
Shipments of rigid insulating board totalled 2 825 000 square metres (12.7
millimetre basis) in June, a 24.2% drop from 3 729 000 square metres in June
1994.
For January to June 1995, shipments totalled 16 077 000 square metres, an
11.6% decrease from 18 183 000 square metres during the same period in 1994.
Available on CANSIM: matrices 31 (series 1) and 122 (series 4-7).
The June 1995 issue of Rigid insulating board (36-002, $6/$60) will be
available shortly. See "How to order publications".
For further information on this release, contact Bruno Pepin (613-951-3516),
Industry Division.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Energy consumption
1994
Estimates of energy consumption in 1994 by the major energy-consuming mining and
manufacturing industries are now available. These estimates identify the various
energy forms consumed by these industries at a national level, in natural units
(quantities) and in heat content.
For further information on this release, or to order a custom tabulation,
contact Serge Grenier (613-951-3566), Energy Section, Industry Division.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Non-residential building construction price indexes
Second quarter 1995
Reflecting a generally weak construction market, the non-residential building
construction price index for the second quarter of 1995 moved up only slightly
to 128.2, a 0.3% increase over the first quarter of 1995 and a 3.1% increase
over the second quarter of 1994.
Vancouver registered the highest change from the first quarter of
1995 (+0.5%), followed closely by Halifax, Ottawa and Edmonton (all +0.4%), and
then by Montreal and Toronto (both +0.3%).
Available on CANSIM: matrices 2042-2043.
The second quarter 1995 issue of Construction price statistics
(62-007, $23/$76) will be available in September. See "How to order
publications".
For further information on this release, contact Paul-Romeo Danis
(613-951-3350, fax: 613-951-2848), Client Services Unit, Prices Division.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cement
June 1995
Manufacturers shipped 1 217 376 tonnes of cement in June, down 1.1% from
1 230 464 tonnes (revised) in June 1994, but up 15.7% from 1 051 912 tonnes in
May 1995.
For January to June 1995, shipments totalled 4 507 194 tonnes, up 8.7% from
4 146 469 tonnes (revised) during the same period in 1994.
Available on CANSIM: matrices 92 and 122 (series 35).
The June 1995 issue of Cement (44-001, $6/$60) will be available shortly. See
"How to order publications".
For further information on this release, contact Roland Joubert
(613-951-3527), Industry Division.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Apartment building construction price indexes
Second quarter 1995
The apartment building construction price indexes (1986=100) for the second
quarter are now available. The seven-city composite index rose to 123.1, a 0.6%
increase from the first quarter of 1995 and a 3.1% increase from the second
quarter of 1994.
Compared with the first quarter of 1995, Vancouver registered the highest
change at +0.7%, followed closely by Ottawa at +0.6%. The indexes for Halifax,
Calgary and Edmonton had quarterly increases of 0.5%, while the Toronto and
Montreal indexes were up only 0.4% and 0.3% respectively.
Available on CANSIM: matrix 2046.
The second quarter 1995 issue of Construction price statistics
(62-007, $23/$76) will be available in September. See "How to order
publications".
For further information on this release, contact Paul-Romeo Danis
(613-951-3350), fax: 613-951-2848), Client Services Unit, Prices Division.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Railway carloadings
Seven-day period ending July 7, 1995
Carloadings of freight (excluding intermodal traffic) during the seven-day
period ending July 7, 1995, increased 9.6% to 4.6 million tonnes. The number of
cars loaded increased 2.5% from the same period of last year.
Intermodal traffic (piggyback) tonnage totalled 284 000 tonnes, a 10.7%
increase from the same period of last year. The year-to-date figures show an
increase of 18.3%.
Total traffic (carloadings of freight and intermodal traffic) increased 9.7%
during the period. This brought the year-to-date total to 131.5 million tonnes,
a 5.3% increase from the previous year.
All year-to-date figures have been revised.
For further information on this release, contact Angus MacLean (613-951-2528,
fax: 613-951-0579), Surface Transport Unit, Transportation Division.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Steel pipe and tubing
June 1995
Steel pipe and tubing production for June totalled 174 498 tonnes, a 2.4%
decrease from 178 742 tonnes (revised) a year earlier.
Year-to-date production to the end of June 1995 totalled 1 055 380 tonnes,
up 10.8% from 952 566 tonnes (revised) during the same period in 1994.
Available on CANSIM: matrix 35.
The June 1995 issue of Steel pipe and tubing (41-011, $6/$60) will be
available shortly. See "How to order publications".
For further information on this release, contact Greg Milsom (613-951-9827),
Industry Division.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Average prices of selected farm inputs
July 1995
Data on the average prices of selected farm inputs in July 1995 are now
available by geographic region.
Available on CANSIM: matrices 550-582.
For further information on this release, contact the Information and Current
Analysis Unit (613-951-9606), Prices Division.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cereals and oilseeds review
May 1995
Data for May 1995 on the production of cereals and oilseeds are now available.
The May 1995 issue of Cereals and oilseeds review (22-007, $15/$144) will be
released shortly. See "How to order publications".
For further information on this release, contact Jeannine Fleury
(613-951-3859), Grain Marketing Unit, Agriculture Division.
|
| 929.13 | What's ASCII for white flag? | TROOA::MCRAM | Marshall Cram DTN 631-7162 | Thu Aug 17 1995 14:31 | 8 |
|
re. 12
I think I'll stop now while I'm behind. I'm afraid of what he'll do
next. Hope he doesn't have a CDROM pack.... 8^)
|
| 929.14 | | POLAR::RUSHTON | տ� | Thu Aug 17 1995 15:08 | 2 |
| Any stats on immigrant left-handed, Albanian dwarfs posing as Rumanian
neuro-surgeons?
|
| 929.15 | | TROOA::COLLINS | A 9-track mind... | Thu Aug 17 1995 15:22 | 27 |
|
oooooooo
oooo$$$$$$$$$$$$oooo
oo$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$o
oo$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$o
o$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$o
o$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$o
o$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$o
$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$
"$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$"
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
"$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$"
"$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$" "$$$"
$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ o$$$
"$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$"
$$$$ "$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$" o$$$
"$$$o """$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$" $$$
$$$o """$$$$$$$$$""" o$$$
$$$$o o$$$"
"$$$$o o$$$$
"$$$$$oo o$$$$""
""$$$$$oo oo$$$$$""
""$$$$$$ooooooooo$$$$$$""
oo$$$$$$$$$oo
"""""
|
| 929.16 | Should be along shortly? | TROOA::MCRAM | Marshall Cram DTN 631-7162 | Thu Aug 17 1995 16:36 | 6 |
| re . 14
Why? Has the PCBU hired *another* one?
|
| 929.17 | Television Viewing | TROOA::COLLINS | Haven't you always wanted a monkey? | Wed Aug 23 1995 11:05 | 329 |
|
From: US3RMC::"[email protected]" 23-AUG-1995 09:55:13.70
Subj: The Daily - August 23, 1995 (fwd)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Television viewing habits
1994
Canadians, particularly those under 25, are watching less television than they
were five years ago. Francophones still spend more time with the tube than
anglophones.
Overall, Canadians watched an average 22.7 hours of television per week in
1994, a drop of about 30 minutes from 1990 and about 90 minutes over the past
decade.
Viewers under 25 recorded the largest declines between 1990 and 1994.
Children aged 2 to 11 averaged 17.7 hours of viewing in 1994, down about 90
minutes and a half from 1990.
Only in Nova Scotia and Quebec did viewers resist the trend. Nova Scotians
watched an average 24.1 hours of television a week, up slightly from 23.9 in
1990, while the total for Quebec remained stable at 25.7 hours a week-the
highest in Canada.
In Quebec, francophones watched more television than anglophones in all age
and sex groups. Francophone women over 60 watched an average 44.8 hours a week
in 1994-the highest of any group in the country-compared with 42.1 hours in
1990. Francophone men in the same age group watched an average 39.8 hours a week
in 1994, two hours more than in 1990.
In contrast, Albertans spent the least time in front of the television in
1994, averaging only 20.5 hours a week.
Canadians watched more domestic news programs
Between 1990 and 1994, Canadian news and public affairs programming won a
substantially larger audience among Canadians-especially francophones. In 1994,
Canadians spent 19% of their viewing time watching domestic current affairs
programs, compared with only 16% four years earlier.
The popularity of domestic news programs soared among francophones, who spent
more than a quarter of their viewing time (27%) watching them, compared with
just 19% in 1990.
Note to readers
The Television Project of the Culture Statistics Program is a
joint venture involving the Marketing Analysis Division of the
Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC),
the Broadcasting Policy Branch of Canadian Heritage, and the Culture
Sub-division of Statistics Canada.
Statistics Canada's television viewing data bank was used to
produce the tables in this publication. These data integrated files
from several sources. Data on television viewing were purchased from
BBM Bureau of Measurement, and included the demographic
characteristics of the respondents to the survey and the schedules
of most television stations with signals available in Canada.
Data were obtained from the CRTC about the characteristics of
each program broadcast during the survey period. The primary
characteristics coded in the data include: substance or content
(such as news, public affairs, drama, religion, etc.), language,
country of origin, and Canadian content. Statistics Canada sources
provided data about the network affiliation and geographic location
of each television station.
The survey data were collected from a sample of Canadians aged
two and over. Although data for each respondent covered only one
week, data from three separate weeks in November 1994 were combined
to produce the final analysis.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table: Distribution of TV viewing time of francophones aged 2 and older, by
origin and type of program
Fall 1994
______________________________________________________________________________
Type of program All television stations
_______________________________________________
Canadian Foreign Total
programs programs
______________________________________________________________________________
%
News and public affairs 27.3 1.2 28.6
Documentary 1.3 0.4 1.6
Instruction
Academic 1.9 0.1 2.0
Social and
recreational 0.7 0.2 1.0
Religion 0.2 - - 0.2
Sports 2.7 1.3 3.9
Variety and games 15.4 1.8 17.2
Music and dance 0.8 0.3 1.1
Comedy 3.4 8.4 11.8
Drama 9.9 17.4 27.3
Other - 5.4 5.4
Total 63.6 36.4 100.0
______________________________________________________________________________
(-) Nil or zero.
(- -) Amount too small to be expressed.
Note: Figures may not add to totals due to rounding.
Anglophones, on the other hand, spent about 15% of their time watching
Canadian news and public affairs programs, marginally higher than four years
earlier. Anglophones were also tuning in more foreign news programs.
Overall, francophones still watch far more domestic programming than
anglophones. Anglophones spent about one-quarter of their viewing time on
Canadian programs, while francophones spent more than 60%. Those ratios have
remained fairly stable over the past four years.
Comedy and drama programs continued to draw the most viewers by far. The
largest audience share, particularly among anglophone viewers, went to foreign
shows. Canadian dramatic programming has always been more popular in the
francophone market, but its share has dropped since 1990 by over 2 percentage
points to 13%. Anglophone viewing of Canadian comedy and drama has increased
from 3% in 1990 to 4% of total viewing in 1994.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table: Distribution of TV viewing time of anglophones aged 2 and over, by
origin and type of program
Fall 1994
______________________________________________________________________________
Type of program All television stations
_______________________________________________
Canadian Foreign Total
programs programs
______________________________________________________________________________
%
News and public affairs 15.5 7.6 23.1
Documentary 0.5 1.9 2.4
Instruction
Academic 0.4 0.6 1.0
Social and
recreational 0.5 0.9 1.5
Religion 0.2 0.1 0.3
Sports 3.8 3.4 7.2
Variety and games 1.0 6.9 7.9
Music and dance 0.3 1.1 1.4
Comedy 0.5 15.0 15.5
Drama 3.3 28.0 31.3
Other - 8.4 8.4
Total 26.0 74.0 100.0
______________________________________________________________________________
(-) Nil or zero.
Note: Figures may not add to totals due to rounding.
Sports audiences were considerably lower in 1994, likely due in part to the
labour dispute that wiped out part of the National Hockey League season.
Television viewing (87-208) has been discontinued. Tables presenting viewing
habits by province (similar to those that appeared in Television viewing) are
available for $50. Custom tabulations by language of station; language,
education or occupation of viewer; specific program titles or characteristics;
or for sub-provincial areas are available on a cost-recovery basis.
For further information on this release, or to order tables, contact Pina La
Novara (613-951-1573, fax: 613-951-9040), Culture Statistics Program, Education,
Culture and Tourism Division.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table: Average hours per week of television viewing
Fall 1994
______________________________________________________________________________
Canada Nfld. P.E.I.
______________________________________________________________________________
Total population 22.7 24.1 22.3
Men
18+ 21.5 21.8 22.5
18-24 14.8 14.4 12.6
25-34 18.7 22.9 26.8
35-49 19.1 18.6 22.0
50-59 22.9 24.1 21.7
60+ 32.4 32.4 26.3
Women
18+ 26.8 27.8 24.5
18-24 18.8 22.7 21.6
25-34 24.2 28.8 25.0
35-49 23.0 26.5 21.4
50-59 30.1 29.8 27.3
60+ 36.4 31.1 28.0
Teens
12-17 17.1 18.9 16.6
Children
2-11 17.7 23.8 19.8
______________________________________________________________________________
N.S. N.B. Que.
_____________
English
______________________________________________________________________________
Total population 24.1 23.7 22.8
Men
18+ 22.5 22.6 22.3
18-24 15.4 13.6 15.0
25-34 19.5 20.7 18.3
35-49 20.3 19.8 18.7
50-59 28.8 28.1 22.3
60+ 30.8 32.8 34.4
Women
18+ 27.9 28.2 25.8
18-24 18.1 21.3 17.7
25-34 28.4 25.8 23.2
35-49 25.3 25.6 20.1
50-59 31.2 37.2 27.9
60+ 33.7 33.7 35.7
Teens
12-17 19.9 15.5 17.3
Children
2-11 19.9 18.3 17.1
______________________________________________________________________________
Que. Ont.
______________________________
French Total
______________________________________________________________________________
Total population 26.3 25.7 21.8
Men
18+ 24.3 24.0 20.6
18-24 15.1 15.4 14.5
25-34 20.6 20.2 18.2
35-49 22.1 21.5 18.2
50-59 26.2 25.6 21.5
60+ 39.8 38.2 30.7
Women
18+ 31.8 30.8 25.7
18-24 19.9 19.7 18.9
25-34 27.0 26.4 23.3
35-49 28.1 26.9 21.4
50-59 37.1 35.6 28.0
60+ 44.8 42.4 35.6
Teens
12-17 19.0 18.8 16.8
Children
2-11 20.1 19.9 17.0
______________________________________________________________________________
Man. Sask. Alta.
______________________________________________________________________________
Total population 22.1 21.9 20.5
Men
18+ 21.4 21.4 19.3
18-24 14.7 17.5 14.4
25-34 19.6 18.7 16.9
35-49 18.4 17.9 18.1
50-59 23.6 21.5 20.2
60+ 30.9 30.1 28.5
Women
18+ 25.9 25.5 23.9
18-24 17.9 20.9 17.1
25-34 22.3 21.7 24.0
35-49 23.1 20.4 21.8
50-59 27.4 26.1 24.8
60+ 34.9 35.0 31.3
Teens
12-17 15.8 17.1 17.6
Children
2-11 17.3 17.2 16.8
______________________________________________________________________________
B.C.
______________________________________________________________________________
Total population 20.6
Men
18+ 20.3
18-24 14.4
25-34 16.8
35-49 17.8
50-59 21.1
60+ 30.7
Women
18+ 24.2
18-24 16.6
25-34 21.3
35-49 20.4
50-59 28.1
60+ 33.2
Teens
12-17 13.9
Children
2-11 15.2
______________________________________________________________________________
Note: For Quebec, the language classification is based on the language
spoken at home. The total column includes those respondents who did
not reply to this question or who indicated a language other than
English or French.
Statistics Canada Tel: (613) 951-7277
Marketing Division Fax: (613) 951-1584
Sales and Service Toll-Free: 1-800-267-6677
120 Parkdale Avenue
Ottawa, Ontario E-Mail: [email protected]
Canada K1A 0T6
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|
| 929.18 | | POLAR::RICHARDSON | Firsthand Bla Bla Bla | Wed Aug 23 1995 12:25 | 1 |
| Gee, I don't watch much TV after all. Wow.
|
| 929.19 | TO vs Ottawa...who's got the nicer waether? | TESA::ZUTRAUEN | kanata mfg engineering | Mon Sep 11 1995 10:26 | 16 |
| Hi JC,
Just wondering....(I have a bet on this):
As far as statistics Canada is concerned, how does the weather in
Ottawa compare to the weather in Toronto (ie, # of sunshine days,
yearly millimeters of rain, total yearly recipitation, blah, blah....)
Inquiring minds want to know...
Can you help?
Thanks!
Pete
|
| 929.20 | | TROOA::COLLINS | Every now and then it's gotta rain. | Mon Sep 11 1995 12:18 | 16 |
|
Hi, Pete.
Unfortunately, Statistics Canada does not compile weather-related
stats; however, Environment Canada does, and their available products
and services can be found on the WorldWide Web at:
http://www.doe.ca/prodeng.html
I will look into it to see if I can answer your question; I may have
some of this data at home.
Later...
jc
|
| 929.21 | | TROOA::COLLINS | Every now and then it's gotta rain. | Mon Sep 11 1995 20:20 | 35 |
|
.19:
Okay, Pete. You asked for it...
The following figures are annual averages, based on the period 1961-1990.
Source is Environment Canada, via the `1995 Canadian Global Almanac':
Ottawa Toronto
====== =======
Average temperature (�C) 5.8 7.2
Total precipitation (mm) 911 781
Total snowfall (cm) 222 124
Bright sunshine (hours) 2,054 2,038
Wind speed (km/hr) 14 15
Days of frost 165 165
Days of wet weather 159 141
Days of thunderstorms 24 28
Days of freezing precipitation 17 10
Days of smoke/haze 80 104
Days of blowing snow 13 9
Days of fog 36 34
|
| 929.22 | | POLAR::RICHARDSON | Darwinian Trilateralism | Mon Sep 11 1995 20:45 | 1 |
| Now I want to hang myself. 8^p
|
| 929.23 | | TROOA::COLLINS | Every now and then it's gotta rain. | Tue Sep 12 1995 00:12 | 5 |
|
Y'know, you guys are gonna miss my informative little tidbits when
I'm gone (which, barring unforseen intervention, looks to be around
September 29th).
|
| 929.24 | | POLAR::RICHARDSON | Darwinian Trilateralism | Tue Sep 12 1995 11:45 | 1 |
| 8^(
|
| 929.25 | Support Your Local Artist | TROOA::COLLINS | Wave like a flag... | Fri Sep 29 1995 13:38 | 139 |
|
From: US3RMC::"[email protected]" 29-SEP-1995 11:20:40.88
Subj: The Daily - September 29, 1995 (fwd)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Performing arts
1993/94
With both attendance and government grants falling off, Canada's 471
not-for-profit professional performing arts companies are turning more to
private donations for help in staying afloat. In 1993/94 alone, they reported
a total operating deficit of $3.1 million.
Donations from private sources have risen 20% over the past five years.
However, attendance has dropped 3% over the same period. In 1993/94, for the
first time, government grants to the performing arts fell.
Performing artists struggle for audiences and money
Canada's professional performing arts organizations have been locked in a
struggle for both audiences and funds that has left them facing large annual
operating deficits. The overall deficit for all disciplines in 1993/94 amounted
to $3.1 million. But this was a vast improvement from the $6.7 million deficit
five years earlier.
In 1993/94, only one of four disciplines-dance-was able to post a surplus.
Canada's 65 dance companies recorded their best year ever with a surplus of
about $1.2 million. Quebec's dance companies reported 69% of that surplus.
Most performing arts companies rely on some government support. For instance,
dance companies received nearly 43% of their total revenue from government
grants.
The 108 music groups surveyed posted the largest deficit at $1.5 million,
followed by a $1.4 million deficit for theatre organizations and a $1.3 million
deficit for 13 opera companies.
Overall, performing arts groups reported $383.3 million in total income in
1993/94, the lion's share ($180.4 million) from earned revenue, followed by
$135.4 million (34%) from government grants and $67.4 million from private
donations.
The recession and subsequent decline in disposable income were likely the
major contributors to declining attendance over the past five years. In
1993/94, 13.3 million spectators attended a performance, down 3% from 1989/90.
Six of every ten people went to the theatre.
Over the last 10 years, only opera companies (with a stable population of
respondents) have managed to increase the average attendance per company (+2%).
Grants shrink as private donations soar
Performing arts organizations are concerned about their future, which depends
much on their ability to attract new audiences and solicit new partnerships in
the private sector to replace shrinking government grants.
Note to readers
The Performing Arts Survey is a census of all not-for-profit
professional performing arts companies in Canada classified as
primary theatre, music (instrumental or choral), dance and opera
companies. A total of 471 respondents provided data for their
financial year between September 1, 1993, and August 31, 1994. The
survey covered 285 theatre, 108 music, 65 dance and 13 opera
companies.
In 1993/94, for the first time, performing arts groups reported a drop in
grants from the previous year. However, donations from private sources have
increased 20% over the past five years, reaching $67.4 million in 1993/94-and
an 8.4% increase over 1992/93 alone.
Governments gave performing arts organizations $135.4 million in 1993/94,
down 2% from the previous year. The average grant per organization fell from
$318,183 in 1992/93 to $287,564-the lowest level ever as the number of companies
receiving grants in 1993/94 rose while the total amount of grants distributed
fell.
Opera companies received the highest average grant in 1993/94 at $881,348;
theatre companies received the lowest, with an average of $207,724.
About a third of the income of not-for-profit performing arts companies comes
from public grants, with the federal and provincial governments contributing
about the same amount.
More arts organizations are turning to the private sector for help. They will
likely continue to do so if grants keep falling and it appears that will be the
case.
The publication Performing arts (87-209) has been discontinued. Selected
details from the Performing Arts Survey are now available in table format ($50).
Data from the survey are also available by province and territory. Custom
tabulations are available on a cost-recovery basis.
For further information on this release, or to order tables, contact Pina La
Novara (613-951-1573, fax: 613-951-9040), Culture Statistics Program, Education,
Culture and Tourism Division.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table: Performing arts
______________________________________________________________________________
1989/90 1992/93 1993/94
______________________________________________________________________________
Attendance 13,715,453 13,603,500 13,263,731
Earned revenue ($) 169,146,320 178,514,625 180,380,042
Government grants ($) 118,259,774 138,091,283 135,442,823
Private donations ($) 53,804,289 62,213,944 67,419,039
Operating deficit ($) -6,717,442 -1,081,398 -3,100,936
______________________________________________________________________________
1992/93 to
1993/94
______________________________________________________________________________
% change
Attendance -2.5
Earned revenue ($) 1.0
Government grants ($) -1.9
Private donations ($) 8.4
Operating deficit ($) 186.8
______________________________________________________________________________
Statistics Canada Tel: (613) 951-7277
Marketing Division Fax: (613) 951-1584
Sales and Service Toll-Free: 1-800-267-6677
120 Parkdale Avenue
Ottawa, Ontario E-Mail: [email protected]
Canada K1A 0T6
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|
| 929.26 | Heritage Institutions | TROOA::COLLINS | Cyberian Puppy | Thu Oct 19 1995 13:37 | 187 |
|
From: US3RMC::"[email protected]" 19-OCT-1995 10:45:27.30
Subj: The Daily - October 19, 1995 (fwd)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Heritage institutions
1993/94
Heritage institutions are earning more than ever from people wanting to learn
about Canada's heritage. In 1993/94, heritage institutions' admission revenues
increased at a faster rate than any of their other sources of revenue, rising
11.2% from the previous year to $76.0 million.
That increase coincided with a 1% rise in attendance to 54.9 million visits.
Attendance has dropped 4% over the past four years, but the latest figures
suggest a possible reversal of the downward trend.
At the same time, government support fell 2.4% in 1993/94 to $608 million.
Despite the cutback in public support, governments still accounted for 70% of
heritage institutions' operating revenues in 1993/94. Heritage institutions'
operating revenues (earned and unearned) totalled $869.3 million in 1993/94,
down 1% from the previous year, but still 17% higher than four years earlier.
More admission revenues
The increase in admission revenues has resulted from a number of factors,
including increases in the number of organizations charging admission and higher
attendance at these institutions.
Whether admission revenues continue to increase will no doubt be influenced
by the disposable income available to families and individuals, as well as by
the draw of exhibits for tourists and locals alike.
The 1992 General Social Survey reflected the high popularity of heritage
institutions. Over half the population aged 15 and over visited a museum or art
gallery, historic site, zoo, aquarium, botanical garden, planetarium or
observatory during the 12 months prior to the survey.
Most institutions reported a small increase in attendance in 1993/94.
However, institutions such as exhibition centres, zoos, aquariums and botanical
gardens registered a small combined decrease in attendance.
Note to readers
The Survey of Heritage Institutions collects data on non-profit
heritage institutions. These data are based on 2,123 institutions
reporting for their financial year ending between April 1, 1993 and
March 31, 1994.
In this survey, heritage institutions include museums, historic
sites, archives, and other related institutions such as exhibition
centres, planetariums and observatories, aquariums and zoos, and
botanical gardens, arboretums and conservatories. Limited data are
also available on nature parks (those with interpretation programs).
Earned revenues include membership, admission and camping fees;
gross revenues from gift shops, sales counters, cafeterias or
recreational activities; and interest and other revenues.
Unearned revenues include government funding, corporation or
foundation budgets or grants, corporate sponsorships, contributions
from "friends of" organizations, university or religious budgets,
and donations.
In 1993/94, heritage institutions earned $195.4 million in revenues, about
23% of total operating revenues. More than half of those earnings ($111.5
million) came from boutique and concession sales. Income from membership fees
remained almost the same as in the previous year.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table: Earned operating revenues
______________________________________________________________________________
1989/90 1992/93 1993/94
______________________________________________________________________________
$ '000
_______________________________________________
Membership fees 6,117 7,943 7,963
Admissions 54,421 68,329 75,967
Other earned revenues 89,236 103,450 111,482
Earned revenues, total 149,773 179,722 195,412
______________________________________________________________________________
1992/93 to
1993/94
______________________________________________________________________________
% change
Membership fees 0.3
Admissions 11.2
Other earned revenues 7.8
Earned revenues, total 8.7
______________________________________________________________________________
Diminishing levels of funding
Government funding for heritage institutions may be falling off, but public
funds still accounted for 70% of total operating revenues in 1993/94, down only
two percentage points from four years earlier.
Federal funding at $233.6 million represented 27% of total operating
revenues. Provincial contributions totalled $253.0 million (29% of the total)
and municipal aid accounted for the balance (14%).
Archives and museums were hardest hit by federal cutbacks. Museums also
received less from the provinces, although these cutbacks were somewhat offset
by higher aid from municipalities. Municipal cutbacks were largely borne by
zoos, exhibition centres and archives.
The heritage sector also felt the impact of lower funding from the private
sector and certain institutions, down 10% compared with 1992/93. However, such
funding ($65.9 million in 1993/94) was still 13% higher than four years earlier.
Of this, corporate, foundation and individual grants, donations or sponsorships
accounted for $33.3 million; institutional funding totalled $29.4 million. The
remaining portion reflected contributions from "friends of" organizations.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table: Unearned operating revenues
______________________________________________________________________________
Funding source 1989/90 1992/93 1993/94
______________________________________________________________________________
$ '000
_______________________________________________
Federal 222,480 239,517 233,627
Provincial 216,237 259,117 253,040
Municipal 93,282 124,075 121,377
Government, total 531,999 622,709 608,044
Private/institutional 58,561 73,342 65,885
______________________________________________________________________________
Funding source 1992/93 to
1993/94
______________________________________________________________________________
% change
Federal -2.5
Provincial -2.3
Municipal -2.2
Government, total -2.4
Private/institutional -10.2
______________________________________________________________________________
Contribution of volunteers grew
The contribution of volunteers continued to grow. More than 55,000 volunteers
were reported in 1993/94, up 10% from the previous year and a whopping 42% over
the 1989/90 level.
Heritage institutions had 10,018 full-time and 14,109 part-time employees on
payroll in 1993/94, both down about 1% from the previous year. The wage bill
paid by institutions in 1993/94 totalled $521.7 million (-1%). Total operating
expenses also decreased slightly, to $843.4 million in 1993/94.
The publication Heritage institutions (87-207) has been discontinued.
Selected details from the Survey of Heritage Institutions are available in table
format ($50). Custom tabulations are also available on a cost-recovery basis.
For further information on this release, or to order tables, contact Pina La
Novara (613-951-1573, fax: 613-951-9040), Culture Statistics Program, Education,
Culture and Tourism Division.
Statistics Canada Tel: (613) 951-7277
Marketing Division Fax: (613) 951-1584
Sales and Service Toll-Free: 1-800-267-6677
120 Parkdale Avenue
Ottawa, Ontario E-Mail: [email protected]
Canada K1A 0T6
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| 929.27 | Canadians Are WIRED! | TROOA::COLLINS | Cyberian Party Hamster | Thu Oct 26 1995 10:20 | 119 |
|
From: US3RMC::"[email protected]" 26-OCT-1995 09:47:26.70
Subj: The Daily - October 26, 1995 (fwd)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Household facilities and equipment
1995
Canadians are taking the on-ramp to the information highway in greater numbers
than ever. In 1995, almost 3 in 10 households (28.8%) have home computers, a
jump of 477,000 households from last year and almost triple the level in
1986 (10.3%).
Four out of ten home computers (41.8%) are now equipped with modems, compared
with three in ten (33.7%) a year earlier. A computer, along with a modem and
appropriate software, is required to access the Internet, the rapidly expanding
global communications network.
More Canadians are computer literate than ever before. According to the 1994
General Social Survey, 56% of adult Canadians (12.3 million) were able to use
a computer, up from 47% in 1989. In addition, in 1994, 41% of Canadians aged 15
and over had taken at least one computer course.
Home entertainment-a decade of change
Computer games, multi-media educational tools, and on-line access to the
information highway are all enticements toward a more interactive high-tech
environment. Households, however, are not abandoning the more traditional forms
of home entertainment.
In the last decade, curling up in front of the television has taken on a new
meaning. While having a colour television is the norm in 1995, one half of homes
(49.7%) have two or more colour televisions, more than double the rate in
1985 (21.5%).
The videocassette recorder (VCR) has expanded the television medium by
allowing Canadians to watch rented movies or to record television programs for
later viewing. VCRs are in 82.1% of homes, more than three and a half times the
1985 percentage of 23.4%. In addition, 16.1% of homes have two or more VCRs, up
from 5.5% just five years ago.
Almost three-quarters (73.4%) of homes have cable television service,
compared with 62.9% a decade ago. Even though more televisions, channels and
VCRs allow more selectivity in our viewing habits, the average time spent
watching television decreased between 1984 and 1994 (according to recent data
on television viewing habits).
Note to readers
These data are from the Household Facilities and Equipment
Survey, which was conducted in May 1995. This sample survey of about
38,000 households represents virtually all the private households
in Canada.
Data from the survey are linked to Labour Force Survey data and
household income data from the Survey of Consumer Finances,
conducted in April 1995 on the same sample of households. These data
will be released in early 1996 (by household type, age of head of
household, and other characteristics) in Household facilities by
income and other characteristics (13-218).
Competition for television may be coming not only from the computer but from
the proliferation of other home leisure items.
Rapid changes to home audio equipment are also taking place. Compact disc
(CD) players are now found in 47.4% of homes, soaring from 8.0% in 1988 (the
first year data were collected).
Ownership of cassette recorders is still on the rise (78.8% in 1995 compared
with 61.0% in 1986), perhaps because they remain a cheaper alternative to CD
players.
Other convenience items are gaining popularity
Our desire for convenience is evident from our acquisition of other household
items as well. Some items have become so indispensable that one is no longer
enough. In 1995, 37.5% of households have three or more phones, compared with
16.3% a decade earlier. Three or more radios are found in 55.4% of dwellings,
up from 44.2% in 1985.
A demand for convenience in meal preparation has parallelled the growth in
labour force participation by women and the emergence of dual-earner families
as the norm. Microwave ovens are found in 83.4% of homes, almost quadrupling
from 22.7% a decade ago. The popularity of gas barbecues has also increased:
32.0% of homes had one in 1986, compared with 53.5% today.
Other time-saving and convenience items have shown increasing popularity over
the decade, though not nearly as rapidly as the microwave oven. Almost one half
(47.1%) of homes have an automatic dishwasher, up from 36.6% in 1985. One in
five (19.3%) homes currently has two or more fridges and almost six in ten
(57.1%) have a home freezer.
National and provincial estimates of household equipment and housing
characteristics are presented in Household facilities and equipment,
1995 (64-202, $30), which is now available. See "How to order publications".
Estimates from the 1995 Household Facilities and Equipment Survey are based
on benchmarks from 1991 Census data. The data from 1981 to 1994 have been
reweighted to this base, and all analysis in this release is based on the new
estimates.
For further information on this release, the revised estimates or the
availability of custom tabulations, contact Rejean Lasnier (613-951-4643),
Household Surveys Division.
Statistics Canada Tel: (613) 951-7277
Marketing Division Fax: (613) 951-1584
Sales and Service Toll-Free: 1-800-267-6677
120 Parkdale Avenue
Ottawa, Ontario E-Mail: [email protected]
Canada K1A 0T6
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| 929.28 | Family Incomes - 1994 | TROOA::COLLINS | A hayride of hyuks! | Fri Nov 17 1995 10:20 | 220 |
|
From: US3RMC::"[email protected]" 17-NOV-1995 10:10:13.56
Subj: The Daily - November 17, 1995 (fwd)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Family income
1994
In 1994, after four years of decline, family income recovered some ground,
fuelled primarily by renewed strength in full-time job creation. The proportion
of persons below Statistics Canada's low income cut-offs declined for the first
time since 1989.
Average family income in 1994 was an estimated $54,153, a 1.9% increase from
1993 after adjusting for inflation (as measured by changes in the consumer price
index). The result was that family income recovered about $1,000 of the $3,620
lost since 1989, the peak year for income.
Even so, income in 1994 was at virtually the same level as in 1980, after
adjusting for inflation. Average family income per capita, however, was 7.3%
higher in 1994 than in 1980. This resulted from a decline in the average number
of persons per family (from 3.30 in 1980 to 3.09 in 1994). In other words,
family income was shared by fewer persons in 1994.
Income recovery attributed to renewed strength in labour market
This improvement in family income can be attributed mainly to renewed
strength in the labour market during 1994. Data from the Labour Force Survey
show that employment increased by 382,000 in 1994, the strongest job growth
since 1987. A large portion of this increase was in the higher wage
goods-producing industries.
In addition, the gain in full-time employment was 466,000 while part-time
work declined by 84,000. The proportion of families where at least one member
experienced some unemployment declined to 28.9% in 1994, from 29.8% in 1993. In
1989, the peak income year, the proportion was 25.8%.
Note to readers
Estimates of the number of families with low income are derived
using Statistics Canada's low income cut-offs (1992 base). These
cut-offs were selected on the basis that families with incomes below
these limits usually spend more than 55% of their income on food,
shelter and clothing, so they are considered as living in straitened
circumstances. Although the cut-offs are often referred to as
"poverty lines", Statistics Canada does not define poverty and does
not recommend the use of the low income cut-offs for this purpose.
Income refers to money receipts of families and individuals. Cash
benefits from government programs are included in the income
reported, but not income tax payments to the government. The
after-tax situation of families and individuals will appear in the
upcoming Income after tax, distributions by size in Canada, 1994
(13-210).
These estimates were prepared from data collected by the Survey
of Consumer Finances, an annual supplement to the April Labour Force
Survey. The sample of approximately 38,000 households excludes the
institutional population and households in the Yukon, the Northwest
Territories, and on Indian reserves.
The growth in family earnings, due primarily to increased employment, was
reflected in more weeks worked combined with more hours worked per week. Higher
wage rates also contributed to increased earnings, although Human Resources
Development's Workplace Information Directorate reported that the average annual
wage increase from major settlements for unionized workers during 1994 was only
0.3%.
While employment earnings increased in 1994, other sources of family income
either recorded no gain or declined. Government transfer payments, which had
grown every year since 1989, showed no increase overall despite continued growth
in transfer payments to the elderly. Unemployment insurance payments were down
in 1994 due to program changes (effective in July) and because there were fewer
beneficiaries as people found employment or exhausted benefits. Investment
income decreased because of lower interest rates and a decline in the number of
families with investment income.
Since January 1995, however, improvements in labour market conditions have
lost some momentum. Although employment continues to grow, the pace of both
full-time and part-time job creation has been weak compared with 1994. As well,
wage settlements to date in 1995 have not shown any real gains. These factors
suggest a weakening in the recovery in family income.
Low income rates decreased
With incomes increasing, low income rates decreased in 1994. The proportion
of persons with incomes below Statistics Canada's low income cut-offs was
estimated at 17.1% in 1994, down from 18.0% in 1993. This was the first decrease
since 1989, when the rate was at an all-time low of 14.1%. Before 1989, the rate
had trended down from the 18.8% peak recorded in 1984.
The number of persons with incomes below the low income cut-offs was
estimated at 4,941,000 in 1994, a decrease of 202,000 persons from 1993.
However, this was still 1,171,000 or 31.1% more persons than in 1989.
Low income rate for children dropped
The low income rate for children under 18 was 19.5% in 1994, down from the
high of 21.3% in 1993. This halted a four-year upward trend from 15.3% in 1989.
The previous peak was 21.0% in 1984.
An estimated 1,362,000 children under 18 lived in low income families in
1994, a decrease of 122,000 children from 1993. However, this was still 346,000
or 34.1% more children than in 1989.
Low income rate for persons aged 65 and over reached a new low
The low income rate for persons aged 65 and over declined from 22.8% in 1993
to 19.3%-the lowest rate ever for this age group. The decline resumed a
longstanding downward trend in the overall percentage of persons aged 65 and
over with low income.
In this age group, declining rates were experienced by both unattached
individuals and persons in families. However, the unattached still had one of
the highest rates of any population group, at 47.6%. By contrast, the 1994 low
income rate among persons aged 65 and over in families was only 6.1%.
Over half of female lone parents had low income
Female lone-parent families still had one of the highest rates of low income
in 1994, at 56.4%. This proportion has changed little throughout the past
decade. For two-parent families with children, the 1994 rate was 11.5%, down
from 12.2% in 1993. However, this was still substantially higher than the 8.7%
recorded in 1989.
Income distributions by size in Canada, 1994 (13-207, $44) is now available.
See "How to order publications".
The 1995 Survey of Consumer Finances was weighted to population estimates
that incorporate an adjustment for under-enumeration in the census. The data
from 1980 to 1993 have been reweighted to this base. All analysis in this
release is based on the new estimates.
Microdata tapes containing data on the 1994 incomes of economic families and
of individuals aged 15 and over, along with socio-demographic characteristics,
will be released in the spring of 1996.
For further information on this release, or to order custom tabulations,
contact Rejean Lasnier (613-951-5266), Daniel Dekoker (613-951-4643) or Donald
Dubreuil (613-951-4633), Income and Housing Surveys Section, Household Surveys
Division (the Internet: [email protected]).
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table: Estimated number of persons with low income
______________________________________________________________________________
1989 1990 1991
______________________________________________________________________________
'000
_______________________________________________
Total persons 3,770 4,179 4,543
Children (under 18) 1,016 1,195 1,281
Aged 65 and over 640 629 665
All others (18 to 64) 2,114 2,355 2,596
______________________________________________________________________________
1992 1993 1994
______________________________________________________________________________
'000
_______________________________________________
Total persons 4,757 5,143 4,941
Children (under 18) 1,316 1,484 1,362
Aged 65 and over 650 732 635
All others (18 to 64) 2,792 2,927 2,944
______________________________________________________________________________
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table: Low income rates
______________________________________________________________________________
1989 1990 1991
______________________________________________________________________________
% with low income
_______________________________________________
Total persons 14.1 15.4 16.5
Children (under 18) 15.3 17.8 18.9
Aged 65 and over 22.4 21.3 21.9
All others (18 to 64) 12.3 13.5 14.7
______________________________________________________________________________
1992 1993 1994
______________________________________________________________________________
% with low income
_______________________________________________
Total persons 17.0 18.0 17.1
Children (under 18) 19.2 21.3 19.5
Aged 65 and over 20.8 22.8 19.3
All others (18 to 64) 15.5 15.9 15.9
______________________________________________________________________________
Statistics Canada Tel: (613) 951-7277
Marketing Division Fax: (613) 951-1584
Sales and Service Toll-Free: 1-800-267-6677
120 Parkdale Avenue
Ottawa, Ontario E-Mail: [email protected]
Canada K1A 0T6
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|
| 929.29 | Whoops! | TROOA::COLLINS | Happy Kine and the Mirthmakers | Mon Nov 20 1995 12:16 | 87 |
|
From: US3RMC::"[email protected]" 20-NOV-1995 12:07:00.78
Subj: The Daily - November 20, 1995 (fwd)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Accidents
1988-1993
Canadians were less likely to have an accident in 1993 than in 1988,
particularly 15- to 24-year-olds-the age group most at risk. That age group
recorded the largest drop in accident rates, largely because of a substantial
decline in the rate of motor vehicle accidents.
In 1993, about 3.9 million Canadians aged 15 and over reported having at
least one accident during the previous year, for a total of 4.8 million separate
incidents. Motor vehicle accidents and sports accidents each accounted for 27%
of all incidents, followed by work accidents (21%) and home accidents (14%).
Despite the decline in accident rates, the cost was considerable. Four out
of every five accidents resulted in injury, almost half of which required
medical attention in a hospital, usually on an out-patient basis.
Estimated in-patient general hospital costs associated with accidents in 1993
amounted to about $1.5 billion. Out-of-pocket expenses totalled another $791
million.
Accident rate highest among men aged 15 to 24
The overall accident rate reported in 1993 was 223 for every 1,000
individuals, down from 254 in 1988. But not everyone was equally likely to have
been involved in an accident. Generally, men had higher rates than women, and
accident rates tended to decline with advancing age.
Accident rates for men aged 15 to 24 fell from 655 per 1,000 individuals in
1988 to 514 per 1,000 in 1993, whereas among older men, rates remained
relatively stable.
Accidents among women also peaked at ages 15 to 24, but their rate was much
lower-306 per 1,000 in 1993, down from 404 per 1,000 in 1988.
The decline in the overall accident rate was largely attributable to fewer
motor vehicle accidents among 15- to 24-year-olds. One factor may have been a
lower level of alcohol consumption. Accidents tend to be more common among
drinkers than non-drinkers, and evidence suggests that people in the 15-to-24
age group are drinking less. Random spot checks for impaired driving and tighter
controls on adolescent drivers may also have had an impact.
In fact, from 1987 to 1992, the death rate due to motor vehicle accidents
declined for all age groups.
Note to readers
This article in Health reports uses data from the 1988 and 1993
General Social Surveys to examine the incidence and consequences of
accidents among people aged 15 and over. The sample was composed of
10,385 households; one respondent in each household was interviewed.
The General Social Surveys covered four types of accidents: motor
vehicle, sports, work and home. An accident was defined as an
incident that met one or more of the following criteria: it
interrupted the respondents normal activities for at least half a
day; it caused out-of-pocket expenses of at least $200; or it
required medical attention from a physician or nurse.
One-third of all accidents entailed financial loss
Accidents impose a heavy financial burden. In 1993, nearly one-third (1.5
million) of all accidents resulted in financial loss.
Motor vehicle accidents accounted for almost 70%, or $543 million, of total
out-of-pocket expenses, for which individuals did not expect reimbursement.
The average out-of-pocket expense for each accident was $662, but amounts
varied by type of accident. Motor vehicle accidents were by far the most costly,
averaging $882, followed by home ($453), work ($433) and sports ($249)
accidents.
Accidents are also a major cause of injury and lost productivity. While
in-patient hospital care was required in only 5% of all accidents, this
represented 248,000 hospital admissions totalling about 2.5 million hospital
days in 1993.
Between April 1, 1992, and March 31, 1993, the average daily cost of
in-patient care in general hospital was $610. Based on this average, in-patient
hospital costs associated with accidents amounted to about $1.5 billion. This
figure does not include costs for ambulatory care or follow-up treatment.
The vol. 7, no. 2 Health reports (82-003, $34/$112) is now available. See
"How to order publications".
For further information on this release, contact the Information Requests
Unit (613-951-1746), Health Statistics Division.
Statistics Canada Tel: (613) 951-7277
Marketing Division Fax: (613) 951-1584
Sales and Service Toll-Free: 1-800-267-6677
120 Parkdale Avenue
Ottawa, Ontario E-Mail: [email protected]
Canada K1A 0T6
|
| 929.30 | Drunk Driving - 1994 | TROOA::COLLINS | This spot marks your location... | Mon Dec 04 1995 10:22 | 26 |
|
From: US3RMC::"[email protected]" 4-DEC-1995 10:17:22.97
Subj: The Daily - December 04, 1995 (fwd)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Impaired driving
1994
Impaired driving continues to decline in Canada. The rate of persons charged
with impaired operation of a motor vehicle, vessel or aircraft per 100,000
persons aged 16 years and older fell 7% from 1993 to 1994, the 11th straight
annual decrease. The 1994 national rate of 384 persons charged per 100,000
residents aged 16 years and older was 47% below the 1984 rate.
In 1994, 87,838 persons were charged with offences related to the impaired
operation of a motor vehicle, vessel or aircraft. Of those charged, 90% were
males. The proportion of females charged increased from 8% in 1984 to 10% in
1994. By age group, people aged 25 to 40 had the highest rate of impaired
driving charges.
The provincial rates of impaired driving varied from 297 in Ontario to 2,190
in the Yukon. Rates were lowest in Ontario, British Columbia and Quebec, where
they were also below the national level.
Juristat: Impaired driving - Canada, 1994, vol. 15, no. 14 (85-002, $10/$90)
is now available.
For further information on this release, please contact the Canadian Centre
for Justice Statistics, (613-951-9023, toll-free: 1-800-387-2231).
|
| 929.31 | | POLAR::RICHARDSON | CPU Cycler | Mon Dec 04 1995 10:58 | 1 |
| This is good news.
|
| 929.32 | Women's Wages | TROOA::COLLINS | Great big Electrowhocardiofluxe! | Tue Dec 05 1995 10:45 | 88 |
|
From: US3RMC::"[email protected]" 5-DEC-1995 10:32:46.28
Subj: The Daily - December 05, 1995 (fwd)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Women as main wage earners
The importance of women as the main wage earners in the family has been growing
since 1967, but the trend has become more pronounced in recent years. In 1993,
wives were the primary wage earners in one-quarter of dual-earner families and
the breadwinners in one-fifth of single-earner couples.
Wives who earn more than their husbands
The proportion of dual-earner families in which wives' earnings exceeded
those of their husbands has risen from 11% to 25% over the last 26 years. But
this growth has been uneven. Between 1967 and 1982, the percentage rose from 11%
to 18%. Throughout most of the 1980s, the rate hovered at about 19%. Then,
within five years, the proportion of wives who earned more than their husbands
jumped six percentage points, from 19% in 1989 to 25% in 1993 (almost 931,000
families).
The growing percentage of wives who earn more than their husbands reflects
in part the long-term movement of women into higher paying managerial and
professional occupations and their accumulated job experience. It also mirrors
the much slower rise in men's average earnings over the same period. However,
the rapid increase in wives as primary earners during the 1990-92 recession
suggests that many became the main breadwinners by default when their husbands
lost their jobs.
Even though women have replaced men as primary earners in many families, in
general they do not match men's earning power. In 1993, the average employment
income of primary-earner wives ($31,000) was about 30% less than that of
primary-earner husbands ($43,250).
This disparity played itself out in all the major occupation groups. Although
primary-earner wives were more likely than primary-earner husbands to be
employed in managerial or professional occupations (48% compared with 35%), they
made almost one-third less.
Of those primary-earner wives who were neither managers nor professionals,
almost 80% worked in clerical, sales or service jobs, with average earnings
ranging from $24,000 to $30,000. In contrast, 60% of non-managerial,
non-professional primary-earner husbands worked in blue-collar occupations, and
reported average earnings of $37,000 to $40,000.
More wives are sole earners
Families in which the wife is the only spouse earning employment income have
also become more common. In 1993, they accounted for 20% of husband-wife couples
with a single earner (298,000 families), up from 2% in 1967. This increase can
be traced principally to the general aging of the population, as men are
generally older than their wives, and thus retire sooner.
Sole-earner wives reported average employment income of $18,250 in 1993,
while sole-earner husbands made almost twice as much, at $34,750. Despite this
dramatic gap in breadwinners' earnings, families in which wives were the only
employed spouses recorded average family incomes of $44,250 in 1993, only about
12% less than that reported by families with sole-earner husbands ($50,250).
The much smaller gap in family incomes is due to the significant role of
non-employment income: in 1993, almost half the family income in situations
where the wife was the sole earner came from sources such as government transfer
payments, private pensions and investments. In contrast, when the husband was
the sole earner, only about one-fifth of family income came from sources other
than employment.
Wives' earnings keep families above low income cut-offs
Where the wife was the primary earner, her employment income was crucial to
the family's economic well-being. In 1993, about 7% of families with
primary-earner wives had incomes that fell below Statistics Canada's low income
cut-offs (LICO); without the wives' earnings, almost half of all such families
would have been in this situation.
On the other hand, in families where the wife was the secondary earner, her
effect on the family's LICO status was quite small. In 1993, 9% of such families
would have fallen below the LICO without the wife's (secondary) earnings, as
opposed to the 4% that actually did.
This release is based on an article appearing in the winter 1995 issue of
Perspectives on labour and income (75-001E, $17/$56), which is now available.
See "How to order publications".
For further information on this release contact Susan Crompton
(613 951-0178), Labour and Household Surveys Analysis Division, or Leslie Geran
(613- 951-5243), Health Statistics Division.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Statistics Canada Tel: (613) 951-7277
Marketing Division Fax: (613) 951-1584
Sales and Service Toll-Free: 1-800-267-6677
120 Parkdale Avenue
Ottawa, Ontario E-Mail: [email protected]
Canada K1A 0T6
|
| 929.33 | Adult Literacy | TROOA::COLLINS | Takin' it to the streets... | Wed Dec 06 1995 12:17 | 187 |
|
From: US3RMC::"[email protected]" 6-DEC-1995 11:44:35.88
Subj: The Daily - December 06, 1995 (fwd)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Adult literacy: International results
1995
Canadian adult literacy test results are strong overall when compared with other
major industrialized countries.
Out of seven nations, Sweden had the strongest skill distribution. Canada,
the Netherlands, Germany and the United States fell into the second tier of
tested countries.
The distribution of literacy in Canada and the United States was similar,
with both countries having relatively high proportions of adults at both the
high and low ends of the literacy scale. European countries, especially the
Netherlands and Germany, had more of their population falling in the middle
range. This range included individuals who had adequate reading skills and those
who tested at higher levels.
But in Canada, there is no room for complacency.
A significant proportion of Canadian adults demonstrated difficulties with
their literacy skills. Four out of every 10 Canadian adults possessed reading
skills that limit their ability to deal with much of the written material they
encounter every day.
A perceived relationship between literacy and economic performance prompted
the seven national governments to conduct the survey. The International Adult
Literacy Survey found strong links in all countries among literacy skills,
employment and occupational status, and income.
The IALS report drew several main conclusions:
- Education strongly influences literacy, but does not determine
it alone. In all countries, adults who have had more initial
formal education are, on average, more literate. But in every
country, some less-educated people have high levels of
literacy and some well-educated people show low levels of
literacy;
- Literacy improves with practice, and deteriorates if not used.
People with a given level of education are, on average, more
literate if they continuously use their ability to read and
work with numbers at home and at work, and throughout their
daily lives;
- Few adults acknowledge that literacy is a problem for them.
In most countries, a majority of adults, even among those with
the lowest levels of literacy, did not consider that reading
skills limited their job opportunities.
Wide variation in literacy skills in Canada
What distinguishes Canada - and the United States - is that, compared with
the other countries participating in this survey, both nations had relatively
large numbers at both the top and the bottom of the literacy scale.
Note to readers
Today, Statistics Canada releases data from the first
International Adult Literacy Survey (IALS), which measures literacy
skills in seven developed nations.
The survey is the result of a unique collaboration among
Statistics Canada, the U.S. National Center for Education Statistics
in Washington, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and
Development in Paris, the Educational Testing Service in Princeton,
N.J., and sponsors and study teams in the various countries.
Statistics Canada provided overall co-ordination and international
management of the survey.
Nations now releasing data are Canada, Germany, the Netherlands,
Sweden, Switzerland, Poland and the United States. Ireland will
release its data early next year. The survey covered more than
23,000 respondents aged 16 and over, including about 5,660 in
Canada.
Respondents were interviewed for about 20 minutes in their homes
in their national language. They were also administered a 45-minute
test involving practical tasks requiring literacy skills. These
ranged from the understanding of instructions on a medicine bottle
to the assimilation of information from a personnel office.
The survey identified five successive levels of literacy for
three scales - prose, document and quantitative. A full description
of the framework, methodology and results is contained in the
document Literacy, Economy and Society (89-545E, $50), which is now
available. See "How to order publications".
More extensive data on literacy in Canada, including results for
the provinces, will be released in the spring of 1996. This report
will also compare the IALS results with Statistics Canada's 1989
survey of Literacy Skills Used in Daily Activities (LSUDA).
For purposes of the IALS, literacy was defined as the ability to
understand and employ printed information in daily activities, at
home, at work and in the community in order to achieve one's goals,
and to develop one's knowledge and potential.
Almost 6 out of 10 Canadians (57.8%) possess skills in the top three literacy
levels, meaning that they can meet most everyday reading requirements. These
results are in line with the 62% identified in the 1989 LSUDA survey (Literacy
Skills Used in Daily Activities), who had similar skill characteristics.
At the same time, one in six (16.6%) fell into the lowest level, which means
that they have serious difficulty dealing with printed materials and most likely
identify themselves as people who have difficulties reading. Another 25.6% fell
in the second lowest level. Such people generally do not report that they have
reading problems, but their tested scores are weak.
Canada's share of those with the strongest literacy skills reflects the large
number of individuals with postsecondary education, and a substantial proportion
of highly skilled immigrants. Its share at the low end of literacy reflects a
complex mix - older people who had little formal education, school drop-outs and
some consequences of low-skilled immigration.
Literacy only partly linked to education
The survey results demonstrated that adult literacy skills are only partly
attributable to the impact of schooling. There are many examples of people with
modest education and high literacy skills, and of well-educated individuals with
marginal literacy skills.
For example, almost 9 in 10 Canadian university graduates possessed
satisfactory reading skills or better, while 1 university graduate in 10 was
only able to deal with material that is simple or clearly laid out.
More than four out of five Canadians with only primary education or less
perform at the bottom two tested levels. But about 1% of individuals with only
primary education possess the highest level of proficiency. These individuals
have found ways to acquire strong skills outside of formal schooling.
Education provides a basic platform for developing literacy skills. But after
school, the answer - and the key - to literacy is practice. Literacy skills,
like muscles, appear to be maintained and strengthened through regular use.
For example, reading books has a strong effect on the level of literacy
skills. Fewer than 40% of all respondents in any country reported reading books
daily. In Sweden, which showed the strongest literacy skills, 9 out of every 10
individuals read newspapers daily.
There is a negative relationship between watching television and literacy.
Adults most likely to watch television for significant periods of time are those
at lower literacy levels. In Canada, 17% of those scoring at the lowest level
watched television five hours or more a day compared with 1% for the highest
level.
Immigration boosts levels at both the high and the low end
In Canada, immigration boosts the proportions at both the high and the low
end of the literacy scale.
Canada is unusual among the participating countries in that it has a large
proportion of immigrants with high literacy skills. This reflects Canada's
immigration policy, which has, as one of its objectives, the attraction of
high-skilled immigrants.
However, basic skills are less central to other kinds of immigrant entries,
such as those for reasons of family reunification or certain refugee cases.
These appear to boost numbers in the lowest literacy levels.
In addition to immigration, employment status, occupation, income and age are
all linked to literacy skills in Canada.
An individual's sex, however, has little noticeable impact. Women tended to
score a bit better on the high end of the prose scale, while men did marginally
better handling numbers.
Individuals who were employed or were attending school were more likely to
be at higher literacy levels than those who were unemployed or outside the
workforce.
Similarly, there is a strong and consistent relationship between literacy
skills and income levels. One in four Canadians who had top literacy skills also
had incomes in the top 20% of the population. Only 5% of the people in the same
high income group had marginal literacy skills.
Surprisingly, individuals aged 36 to 45 had the highest literacy scores of
all age groups on the prose and quantitative scales. After middle age, skills
appear to decline gradually.
Occupational categories such as managers and professionals dominate high
literacy levels, while machine operators and agricultural workers had the lowest
literacy skills.
Sweden leads all other participating nations
Sweden's literacy skill distribution was stronger than all other
participating nations. It had substantial proportions of respondents at all the
higher literacy levels on all three scales.
Germany and the Netherlands had similar levels of adult literacy proficiency,
with more people scoring in the middle to high range. The United States was
similar to Canada in terms of using numbers and dealing with prose. But American
respondents did less well on document literacy, that is, on such skills as using
job applications, payroll forms, transit schedules and so on.
Swiss results were lower than those of Canada and the United States in prose
literacy.
In Poland, only about one individual in five had the reading skills necessary
to achieve test scores in one of the top two levels.
Literacy, economy and society: Results of the first International Adult
Literacy Survey (89-545E, $50) is now available.
For further information on this release, contact Special Surveys Division
(613-951-9476) or the Statistics Canada media hotline (613-951-4636), Internet:
http://www.statcan.ca.
Statistics Canada Tel: (613) 951-7277
Marketing Division Fax: (613) 951-1584
Sales and Service Toll-Free: 1-800-267-6677
120 Parkdale Avenue
Ottawa, Ontario E-Mail: [email protected]
Canada K1A 0T6
|
| 929.34 | Charitable Donations - 1994 | TROOA::COLLINS | Sparky Doobster | Wed Dec 13 1995 10:31 | 109 |
|
From: US3RMC::"[email protected]" 13-DEC-1995 09:59:43.64
Subj: The Daily - December 13, 1995 (fwd)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Charitable donors
1994
In 1994, fewer Canadian taxfilers opened their pockets to charity. But those who
did donated $40.4 million more than in 1993. The $3.39 billion that Canadians
donated in 1994 represented a 1% increase from 1993, a 6% increase from 1992 and
a 9% increase from 1991.
A total of 5,344,480 taxfilers reported that they gave to charity in 1994.
This was a drop of 3% from 1993. Slight declines were also recorded in 1988 and
1992.
Over the past 10 years, donations have increased 33% when adjusted for
inflation (as measured by the consumer price index). Ten years ago, 3.9 million
taxfilers reported donating $1.79 billion to charity ($2.54 billion adjusted for
inflation). The percentage of taxfilers reporting charitable donations in 1994
returned to the 1984 level of 27%.
It is important to note that Canadian tax law allows taxfilers to combine
their charitable donations with those of their spouse to get the maximum tax
benefit. Because both sets of deductions may be claimed on one tax return, the
number of persons who give to charity is higher than reported.
A change in tax regulations now allows a bigger tax break for charitable
giving. But the change appears to have had minimal impact. In 1994, taxfilers
contributing to a recognized charity could claim a 17% tax credit on their first
$200 of donations and 29% on the rest. Before this lowered ceiling was in place,
taxfilers had to give $250 before the 29% credit was available.
Newfoundlanders gave the highest median donation
Despite having one of the lowest median total incomes ($27,100),
Newfoundlanders' median charitable donation ($250) led all the provinces and
territories. Nationwide, the median donation rose from $140 in 1993 to $150.
Older Canadians consistently give the most to charity. In 1994, charitable
donors aged 65 and older made the highest average donation. Their $890 average
was 40% more than the $634 Canadian average. Among the provinces and
territories, Albertans gave the highest average donation ($812). The average age
of the Canadian donor was 49.
Note to readers
This databank provides information on taxfilers classified as
charitable donors. Only donations made to approved organizations,
and for which official tax receipts were provided, were allowable
as deductions in the tax system. It is possible to carry donations
forward for up to five years after the year in which they were made.
For example, the donations made in the reference year could be
claimed the same year or could be carried forward to any of the next
five years. These data are derived solely from income tax returns;
as such, they represent only the donations claimed by taxfilers that
are accompanied by official receipts.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table: Characteristics of charitable donors
1994
______________________________________________________________________________
As a % of Median Median total
taxfilers donation income
______________________________________________________________________________
$
______________________________
Canada 27 150 34,100
Newfoundland 23 250 27,100
Prince Edward Island 32 220 26,900
Nova Scotia 27 190 31,400
New Brunswick 26 220 30,200
Quebec 25 100 33,000
Ontario 30 170 36,100
Manitoba 31 170 30,400
Saskatchewan 30 220 29,300
Alberta 28 160 34,700
British Columbia 25 160 35,200
Yukon 19 130 44,100
Northwest Territories 16 170 56,600
______________________________________________________________________________
Average age Average
donation
______________________________________________________________________________
$
Canada 49 634
Newfoundland 48 558
Prince Edward Island 48 597
Nova Scotia 50 563
New Brunswick 50 662
Quebec 49 349
Ontario 50 704
Manitoba 50 705
Saskatchewan 52 709
Alberta 47 812
British Columbia 50 791
Yukon 44 697
Northwest Territories 40 762
______________________________________________________________________________
Note: The median is the point at which half the amounts are higher and half
lower. For example, the median of $150 for Canada means that half of
all charitable donors in Canada donated $150 or more and half donated
$150 or less.
|
| 929.35 | | TROOA::COLLINS | Sparky Doobster | Tue Dec 19 1995 11:55 | 119 |
|
From: US5RMC::"[email protected]" 19-DEC-1995 09:38:50.19
Subj: The Daily - December 19, 1995 (fwd)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Children and youths as victims of violent crime
1994
Teenagers are at greater risk of violent crime in Canada than either adults or
children. In fact, youths aged 12 to 19 made up 20% of victims of violent crime
in 1994, even though they represented just 11% of the population.
By comparison, children, who made up 16% of the population, were victims in
6% of violent incidents. Adults, 73% of the population, were victims in about
the same proportion of all incidents.
Police statistics also show that about one out of five violent incidents
against children and youths occurred at the hands of family members. Parents
were implicated in half of those incidents.
Newborns and infants (under 1) were at significantly higher risk of homicide
than any other age group.
Children most at risk of sexual offences
Children were at greater risk of some form of sexual offence in 1994 than
either youths or adults.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table: Types of violent incident by age group of victims
1994
______________________________________________________________________________
Age group of victims
_______________________________________________
Under 12 12 to 19 20 and over
______________________________________________________________________________
%
_______________________________________________
Violent incidents,
total 100 100 100
Homicide and attempted
murder 0.4 0.5 1
Assault 46 66 73
Sexual assault/other
sexual offences 43 16 4
Robbery 3 12 10
Other violent
offences(1) 7 5 12
______________________________________________________________________________
(1) "Other violent offences" includes kidnapping, abductions, criminal
negligence causing bodily harm, discharging a firearm and other violent
offences.
Source: Uniform Crime Reporting Survey, 1994. Canadian Centre for Justice
Statistics.
More than 4 out of 10 violent incidents directed against children involved
sexual assault or some other type of sexual offence. In fact, children were
assaulted in some form, either sexually or otherwise, in almost 9 out of 10
violent incidents.
Most violent incidents against teenagers were also assaults, but only 16% of
all cases were sexual in nature. By contrast, sexual offences were involved in
just 4% of all incidents against adults.
Overall, victims of violent crime were equally likely to be males and females
in the case of both children and teens. However, a large majority of victimized
girls were victims of sexual offences, while boys were more likely to be victims
of homicide and robbery.
Note to readers
This release is based on an issue of Juristat published by the
Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics that summarizes what is
currently known from statistical databases about violent crimes
committed against children and youths. For the purposes of this
analysis, the term "children" includes all young people under the
age of 12, while "youths" represents those aged 12 to 19.
Data used for this Juristat were obtained primarily from Canada's
revised Uniform Crime Reporting (UCRII) Survey. The sample included
data from 111 police departments and covered 33% of criminal
incidents across the country in 1994.
In cases of kidnappings and abductions, teenage victims were twice as likely
to be girls.
Family member accused in almost 4 of 10 violent incidents against children
In most cases, both children and teens knew their assailants. Strangers were
accused in only 16% of cases against children and 28% of those involving teens.
Family members were accused in almost 4 of every 10 (37%) violent incidents
against children. About 25% were parents and 11% were other family members.
By contrast, family members were implicated in 17% of violent incidents
against teenagers. Parents were involved in 7% and other family members in 10%.
Overall, girls were victimized by family members more often than were boys
in both age groups.
Infants face greater risk of homicide
Newborn babies and infants faced the greatest risk of homicide of any age
group.
While homicide rates were relatively low for children as a group, the rate
for infants within the first year of life was five times the rate for children
overall. Figures available for 1991-94 show that an average of 22 newborns and
infants were killed annually, a rate of 5.6 per 100,000 population.
During the 1990s, the average homicide rate for adults was 2.7 per 100,000,
compared with 1.1 for children and 1.8 for teens.
Over the past two decades, the homicide rates for adults, children and teens
remained relatively stable. An average of 54 children and 60 youths were killed
each year in Canada.
Child homicides very often appear to be an extension of child abuse. Almost
60% of child victims were beaten or strangled, and parents were accused in
two-thirds of child killings.
The vol. 15, no. 15 Juristat: Children and youths as victims of violent
crimes, (85-002, $10/$90) is now available.
For further information on this release, contact the Canadian Centre for
Justice Statistics (613-951-9023, 1-800-387-2231).
|
| 929.36 | | TROOA::COLLINS | Sparky Doobster | Tue Dec 19 1995 11:57 | 148 |
|
From: US5RMC::"[email protected]" 19-DEC-1995 09:38:50.19
Subj: The Daily - December 19, 1995 (fwd)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Earnings of men and women
1994
In 1994, the average earnings of men who worked 30 hours or more per week for
the full year rose 2.9% after adjusting for inflation (as measured by the
consumer price index). It was the largest annual advance in 18 years. For women,
however, average earnings remained almost unchanged.
Men who worked full time earned $40,717 in 1994, up from $39,572 the year
before. The increase can be attributed partly to an employment rebound in higher
wage, goods-producing industries-a sector where men hold most of the jobs.
Women who worked full year and full time earned an average $28,423, almost
unchanged from 1993.
So for each dollar earned by men in 1994, women earned on average 70 cents,
down from 72 cents the year before. This drop in the earnings ratio followed
increases between 1989 and 1992, a period when women's earnings rose while those
of men remained almost unchanged.
Note to readers
This report examines the earnings of individuals contributing to
the family income. It focusses on the differences between the
earnings of men and women. Earnings consist of wages and salaries
and/or net income from self-employment.
These highlights are based on data for full-year full-time
workers, which minimize the effect of sex-specific differences in
the amount of work done over the course of the year. Thus, it
provides a more accurate picture of earnings differentials due to
other factors. However, restricting the comparisons to full-year
full-time workers does not eliminate all work-pattern differences
between men and women. For example, Labour Force Survey data show
that, in 1994, the usual hours for women who worked full time
averaged 39.6 hours per week, compared with 44.2 hours for men.
These estimates were prepared from data collected by the Survey
of Consumer Finances, an annual supplement to the April Labour Force
Survey. The sample of approximately 38,000 households excludes the
institutional population and households in the Yukon, the Northwest
Territories, and on Indian reserves.
Men's earnings grew but women's earnings remained stable
The wider earnings gap in 1994 was due mainly to the largest annual advance
in men's earnings in almost two decades-not to decreases in women's earnings.
Over the same period, women retained almost all the advances they made in
earnings. Consequently, the gap between men's and women's earnings in 1994 was
still wider than in any year before 1992.
The gap in average earnings had been closing since 1967 (the first year of
measurement), when the earnings ratio stood at 58%. Recent increases saw the
ratio rise from 66% to 72% between 1989 and 1992; it remained unchanged in 1993.
While men's earnings have varied relatively little since 1977 (ranging
between $39,000 and $41,000), those of women rose significantly between 1985 and
1992, before stalling in 1993. Over that period, more women entered higher
paying occupations such as the managerial professions, while relatively fewer
went into low-paying clerical jobs.
Small difference between earnings of single women and single men
The biggest difference in earnings was between married men and women. There
was little difference for singles.
Single women earned on average 92% of what single men earned in 1994. By
contrast, earnings of married women averaged 65% of those of married men. Single
men who worked full year full time earned $30,634 in 1994, compared with $28,044
for single women.
There was almost no earnings difference between single men and women with
university educations, where the earnings ratio was 95%. In terms of age, the
earnings gap has been traditionally smallest among younger workers. In 1994,
women aged 15 to 24 earned an average $19,269, or 90% of what their male
counterparts did.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table: Earnings gap small for singles and youths
______________________________________________________________________________
Average earnings Earnings
ratio
______________________________
Women Men
______________________________________________________________________________
$ %
______________________________ _____________
Marital status
Single 28,044 30,634 91.5
Married 28,269 43,304 65.3
Other(1) 29,944 41,113 72.8
Age
15 to 24 19,269 21,490 89.7
25 to 34 27,158 36,242 74.9
35 to 44 30,439 44,377 68.6
45 to 54 30,868 46,349 66.6
55 and over 26,039 40,381 64.5
______________________________________________________________________________
(1) Widowed, divorced or separated.
Full-year full-time work rebounded
In 1994, an estimated 9.3 million people had earnings from full-year
full-time employment, up 2.8% from 1993 and the first significant increase in
five years. This rise contributed to the first real growth in family income
since 1989. Data released on November 17, 1995 showed average family income in
1994 at an estimated $54,153.
The increase in full-year full-time wage earners reflected renewed strength
in the labour market, a large part of which can be attributed to an employment
rebound in the higher wage goods-producing industries.
As a result, more than half of the approximately 450,000 full-year full-time
jobs lost between 1989 and 1992 were recovered during 1994. At the same time,
the number of part-time or part-year workers declined for the first time since
1989. In total, the number of persons with earnings in 1994 rose to a record
15,648,000.
Men accounted for almost 90% of the 1994 growth in full-year full-time
employment, with an increase of 228,000 jobs. However, the number of men
employed full year, full time in 1994 was still below the 1989 record of
5,762,000.
For women, 1994 marked the third straight year of growth in full-year
full-time employment. As a result, their employment level equalled the 1989
record level of 3,669,000.
Some factors suggest, however, that the growth in both the number of full
year full time earners and their average earnings could weaken in 1995. Since
January 1995, improvements in labour market conditions have lost momentum.
Although employment has continued to increase, the pace of growth in the number
of full-time and part-time jobs has been weak. In addition, wage settlements
this year have not shown any real gains.
Data on the earnings of men and women by characteristics such as age,
education, occupation and marital status are presented in Earnings of men and
women, 1994 (13-217, $27), now available.
A microdata file containing 1994 earnings and income data for individuals,
along with socio-demographic characteristics, will be available soon. This file
has been carefully reviewed to ensure that it does not contain information that
would allow identification of specific households, families or individuals. This
file can be ordered by contacting the Household Surveys Division.
The 1995 Survey of Consumer Finances was weighted to population estimates
that incorporate an adjustment for undercounting in the census. The data from
1980 to 1993 have been reweighted to this base. The analysis in this release is
based on the new estimates.
For further information on this release, or to order custom tabulations,
contact Rejean Lasnier (613-951-5266), Daniel Dekoker (613-951-4643) or Donald
Dubreuil (613-951-4633), Income and Housing Surveys Section, Household Surveys
Division (the Internet: [email protected]).
|
| 929.37 | The value of housework... | TROOA::COLLINS | Sparky Doobster | Wed Dec 20 1995 10:08 | 142 |
|
From: US5RMC::"[email protected]" 20-DEC-1995 09:59:22.91
Subj: The Daily - December 20, 1995 (fwd)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Unpaid work of households
Over the past three decades, inflation and growth in the population have led to
a substantial increase in the value of households' unpaid work. According to a
new set of revised estimates, it climbed from $14 billion in 1961 to $234
billion in 1992, on the lowest basis of valuation, and from $26 billion to $374
billion, on the highest.
Yet, between 1961 and 1992, gross domestic product (GDP), the standard
measure of goods and services produced on the market, rose even faster, yielding
an overall decline in the value of households' unpaid work against GDP. Most
notable is the steady decline until 1986 in the value of households' unpaid work
versus GDP, which was then followed by a marked and puzzling reversal of the
trend.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table: Value of unpaid work, by method of measurement
______________________________________________________________________________
Opportunity cost Replacement
cost
______________________________ _____________
Before tax After tax Specialist
method
______________________________________________________________________________
% of GDP
_______________________________________________
1961 63.6 52.4 55.6
1971 57.5 40.5 50.1
1981 47.6 31.3 39.5
1986 44.6 28.0 37.5
1992 54.2 32.0 43.0
______________________________________________________________________________
Replacement
cost
_____________
Generalist
method
______________________________________________________________________________
% of GDP
1961 34.2
1971 30.5
1981 25.6
1986 26.1
1992 34.0
______________________________________________________________________________
Most of the decline in the value of households' unpaid work versus GDP
occurred during the 1960s and 1970s, a period characterized by strong growth in
employment, productivity and real income. In those years, women's
employment-to-population ratio almost doubled from 25% in 1961, and the baby
boom generation was growing up.
In more recent times, growth of employment and GDP has slowed. There were
deep recessions in the early 1980s and 1990s, with an expansionary period
between. The business cycle is believed to play a major role in the relationship
between the value of households' unpaid work and GDP: unpaid work increases in
recessionary times and declines in periods of expansion. The slow recovery from
the 1990 recession, along with depressed levels of income and hours of paid
work-and possibly other factors such as higher direct and indirect tax
rates-contributed to the reversal of the trend.
Canadians spend more time on unpaid work than paid work
Canadians aged 15 and over spent at least 10% more time on unpaid work than
on paid work in the years studied. Growth of the population led to a substantial
increase in unpaid work, from 10 billion hours in 1961 to 25 billion hours in
1992; this despite a decline in hours of unpaid work per person. The 1992 figure
represents nearly 13 million full-time "job equivalents".
Note to readers
The study uses data from the census, the 1981 Canadian Pilot Time
Use Study and the 1986 and 1992 General Social Surveys to derive
estimates of the value of unpaid work for 1961, 1971, 1981, 1986 and
1992.
Unpaid work consists of activities done by and for members of the
household (household work), or for friends, neighbours, relatives
or the community at large (voluntary work). Examples are preparing
dinner, ironing shirts, mowing the lawn, bathing an infant, paying
bills and helping at a soup kitchen.
Two methods are used to impute the cost of time spent on unpaid
work. With the opportunity cost method, if someone earns or could
earn $20 an hour at a paid job, each hour of her or his unpaid work
is valued at that rate; it is calculated both before and after
taxes. With the replacement cost method, an hour spent on unpaid
work is valued: on the basis of the earnings of domestic staff (the
generalist method) or, depending upon the type of unpaid work, on
the basis of earnings in a similar occupation (the specialist
method).
The composition of unpaid work has changed over the past 30 years as well.
Canadians are devoting less time to meal preparation and care of household
members, for instance, and more time to repairs, maintenance, management and
shopping. Voluntary work takes about 5% of the time spent on unpaid work,
representing just over 730,000 full-time "job equivalents" in 1992.
Women in the work force-a major factor in unpaid work
Growing participation of women in the labour market has slowed the increase
in the value of households' unpaid work over time. Still, the share of unpaid
work done by women declined only 3 percentage points to 65% in 1992.
The labour force participation rate of women with children under three years
old almost doubled between 1976 and 1991. The demand for child-care services has
grown in tandem. Spending on child care outside the home increased from $37
million in 1961 to $2.8 billion in 1992, making it one of the fastest growing
items of household expenditure.
The increase in women's employment contributed to the near doubling of family
income between 1961 and 1992. The additional income can be spent on alternatives
to home production (such as restaurant meals) or appliances that make home
production more efficient. For example, from 1961 to 1992, spending on meals
outside the home increased at more than twice the rate of spending on food for
meals at home. And while one in six households had an automatic washer and dryer
in 1961, three out of four had them in 1992.
Canada in the middle internationally
Estimates of unpaid work for several OECD countries vary between 25% and 75%
of GDP, with Canada falling in the middle. Those for Australia, France, New
Zealand and the most recent ones for West Germany fall in the upper range. For
example, one set of figures shows that unpaid work in Australia amounted to
almost 70% of its GDP in 1992, compared with about 50% for Canada. Figures for
Canada, Denmark, Norway, and the United States, on the other hand, tend to be
among the low- to mid-range estimates. The extent to which the variation across
countries is real or artificial is unclear, but some is undoubtedly due to
differences in methodology and the year under study.
Households' unpaid work: Measurement and valuation (13-603E, no. 3, $38) is
now available.
For further information on this release, contact Chris Jackson
(613-951-1799), National Accounts and Environment Division.
|
| 929.38 | | TROOA::COLLINS | The Universal Juvenile | Thu Jan 11 1996 15:55 | 13 |
|
Well, I couldn't find a generic "goodbye" note, so I'll say goodbye
here, in my favorite topic.
Someone else will have to post the StatsCan reports now (HAR! what're
the odds?).
Take care, y'all. Keep your heads above the snow!
John Collins
P.S. Any Toronto jobs out there? Send mail! ;^)
|
| 929.39 | | POLAR::RICHARDSON | Big Bag O' Passion | Thu Jan 11 1996 22:30 | 3 |
| So long John, you'll be missed.
8^/
|