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Conference mr1pst::music

Title:MUSIC V4
Notice:New Noters please read Note 1.*, Mod = someone else
Moderator:KDX200::COOPER
Created:Wed Oct 09 1991
Last Modified:Tue Mar 12 1996
Last Successful Update:Fri Jun 06 1997
Number of topics:762
Total number of notes:18706

689.0. "Music notation questions" by DREGS::BLICKSTEIN (db) Mon Jan 09 1995 10:58

    There didn't seem to be an appropriate topic for this so I decided to
    create one.
    
    I have a question about notation in sheet music - one question now,
    probably more to follow.
    
    Actually, I'm probably an above average "reader" but there are some
    gaps in my knowledge.  I'm now working with a PC-based notation
    program, trying to create sheet music for some of my favorite
    progressive rock tunes and not surprisingly, this adventurous genre
    of music tends to require lots of special notation, even aside from
    constant key changes, time signature changes and so on.
    
    But the first question is probably an easy one for most people.
    
    I have no fully understood the "rules" and conventions regarded
    "coda phrases" and similar concepts.
    
    My notation program (Passport Design's Encore V3.0) allows several
    different options including (from failing memory):
    
    	D.C. al Coda
    	D.S. al Coda
    	D.C. al Fine
    	D.S. al Fine
    	To Coda
    	Coda
    	Fine
    
    And there's more.   Supposedly, this program even knows how to play
    these things (i.e. "where to go") but not understanding how they 
    are supposed to work, I can't figure out why what I expect to happen
    does not happen.
    
    If anyone could give me a brief tutorial on these, I'd appreciate it.
    
    Also,  what I'm trying to do is actually very common.   The song can
    be reduced to the following form
    
      Intro - Verse - Chorus  - Verse - Chorus - Bridge  - Verse  - Ending
    
    
    I have laid the song out linearly that way except that it looks like
    this:
    
      Intro - Verse - Chorus  - Verse - Chorus - Bridge - Ending
    
    What I'm trying to do is figure out what to put after the bridge that
    says "go back to the verse" and then how to get to the ending after
    the 3rd verse/chorus.
    
    I've looked up some examples in sheet music and I saw something that
    is not in my program:  D.C. al Coda et Fine
    
    Thanks,
    
    	db
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689.1TAMRC::LAURENTHal Laurent @ COPMon Jan 09 1995 11:2365
re: .0

I'm very rusty on this stuff, so hopefully someone will correct me if I'm
wrong.

>    	D.C. al Coda
>    	D.S. al Coda
>    	D.C. al Fine
>    	D.S. al Fine
>    	To Coda
>    	Coda
>    	Fine
    

D.C. stands for "da capo", and means "repeat from the beginning".

D.S. stands for "dal segno", and means "repeat from that funny looking
sign that looks kind of like a capital S with a slash through it and a 
dot on each side".

D.C. (or D.S.) al Coda means repeat from the beginning (or the sign), but
when you get to the sign that looks like a circle with a cross superimposed
on it (it usually also says "to coda" as well), skip to the coda.  The coda
itself will also be marked with the same sign, as well as (usually) the 
word "Coda".

D.C. (or D.S.) al Fine means repeat from the beginning (or the sign) but stop
when you get to where it says "Fine".

    
>      Intro - Verse - Chorus  - Verse - Chorus - Bridge  - Verse  - Ending
>    
>    
>    I have laid the song out linearly that way except that it looks like
>    this:
>    
>      Intro - Verse - Chorus  - Verse - Chorus - Bridge - Ending
    
This is going to be hard to do with ASCII, but here's how I'd probably
lay it out:

    Intro
    <begin repeat sign>
    <the wierd S-like sign for the D.S>
    Verse
    <"to coda" sign> 
    Chorus 
    <end repeat sign>
    Bridge
    <D.S. al Coda>
    <"coda" sign>
    Ending

Or here's a lame attempt to depict it using "$" to represent the "Segno"
sign (the one that looks like an S with a percent-sign superimposed),
"@" to represent the coda sign (the circle with the cross superimposed),
and ||: and :|| to represent the repeat signs:


              $    To Coda @             D.S. al Coda  @   
    Intro ||:   Verse        Chorus  :||     Bridge           Ending



-Hal
689.2same stuff - extra detailsMEMIT::RICHMon Jan 09 1995 12:1068
First some definitions - (translations)

    	D.C. al Coda - Da(lla) capa al Coda - from the beginning, to the Coda
		ie: go to start play to 1st Coda sign, then jump from there
		    to the second coda (usually the last set of measures)

    	D.S. al Coda - Dal segno al Coda - from the "sign", to the Coda 
		ie: go to "Sign" play to 1st Coda sign, then jump from there
		    to the second coda (usually the last set of measures)

    	D.C. al Fine - Da(lla) capa al fine - from the beginning, to the end.
		ie: go to start play to the word "fine"

    	D.S. al Fine - Dal segno al fine - from the sign, to the end. 
    		ie: go to start play to the word "fine"

	NOTE: in all cases above, if phrases with repeats are played again
		the default is IGNORE the repeat! (otherwise you will see 
		the words:"play all repeats" or "play repeats on D.S."....)

    	Coda (koh-dah) - usually comes in pairs looks like a "+" over "o".
		Ignore the first coda, first time through, after the D.S.
		or D.C. jump from the first coda to the second.

	To Coda - sometimes there is only one coda ("the second"), 
		these words mean jump the coda after the D.C. or D.S.

    	Fine (fee-nay) - means end. Stop here after D.S. or D.C. -
		often just included at the end of a piece when there is no
		D.S. or D.C.

	Segno (seh-nyoh) (often pronounced seg-no :<   ) - means sign. 
		Lookd like a "S" with "/" and "dots"
		The place you jump back to on a D.S.)

For your example:	

    
  >    Intro - Verse - Chorus  - Verse - Chorus - Bridge  - Verse  - Ending
  >  
  >    I have laid the song out linearly that way except that it looks like
  >  this:
  >       Intro - Verse - Chorus  - Verse - Chorus - Bridge - Ending
    
  >  What I'm trying to do is figure out what to put after the bridge that
  >  says "go back to the verse" and then how to get to the ending after
  >  the 3rd verse/chorus.

I would notate:
  
 Intro {Segno} ||: Verse - Chorus :|| {Coda} Bridge {D.S.al Coda} {coda} ending
		(where ||: and :|| are repeat signs)
				or
 Intro {Segno} verse chorus {coda} verse chorus bridge {DSalCoda} {coda} ending

The notation: "D.S. al Coda et fine" just means - D.S. al Coda and end! and is
the same as either of the above with the word "fine" stuck at the end

VARIATIONS: 1) if you want to play the intro again, use D.C. instead of D.S.
	    
	    2) if the first chorus was your "ending" you could notate:

	intro {segno} verse chorus {fine} verse chorus bridge {DS al fine}

hope this helps.

Neil
    
689.3TAMRC::LAURENTHal Laurent @ COPMon Jan 09 1995 12:5812
re: .2

Neil explained more clearly than I did.  Thanks, Neil. 

That said, I either Neil or myself didn't understand what Dave wants.
If he wants to only do the verse but not the chorus after the bridge,
than the first "coda" symbol should go between the verse and the chorus,
not after the chorus.

Nitpickingly yours,
Hal

689.4ThanksDREGS::BLICKSTEINdbThu Jan 12 1995 11:233
    Thanks for the help guys.
    
    I'm hoping to try this with my notation program this weekend.