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Conference turris::digital_unix

Title:DIGITAL UNIX(FORMERLY KNOWN AS DEC OSF/1)
Notice:Welcome to the Digital UNIX Conference
Moderator:SMURF::DENHAM
Created:Thu Mar 16 1995
Last Modified:Fri Jun 06 1997
Last Successful Update:Fri Jun 06 1997
Number of topics:10068
Total number of notes:35879

8881.0. "Time to perform context switching ?" by SPANIX::JULIANR (ALPHAbet = Our bet on ALPHA) Wed Feb 19 1997 06:21

	We are involved in a real time military project, where a redundant
Alpha Lego server (2100 5/500 VME) will have to attend to more than 70 
synchronous lines, connected to RADARs, plus two ATDS (Air Tactical Data 
System, installed on two AWACS airplanes), get the messages, do some 
processing and put them in one of two ATM interfaces, so they can be 
depicted on a number of workstations.

According to our partner, CESELSA, these operations will generate one I/O 
interrupt every 17.5 microsecs. There are several questions:

	- How much time and does Digital UNIX need to perform context 
switching so that an interrupt can be serviced in a convenient way ?
	- Can Digital UNIX handle these ?
	- Do we need VxWorks ? 
	- Some interrupt accelerator boards ?

Best regards,

Juli�n Rodr�guez, UNIX Ambassador, Digital Spain
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8881.1See Note 7240RHETT::PARKERWed Feb 19 1997 11:0312
    
    Julian,
    
    You should check out the Digital UNIX realtime performance report
    described in note 7240. Depending on the amount of time the interrupt
    service routine takes, you may indeed want to check into VxWorks for
    this project. The requirements sound fairly ambitious for Digital 
    UNIX in multiuser mode. It's really hard to say without more specifics.
     
    
    Lee
    
8881.2could be a bit ambitious?BBPBV1::WALLACEjohn wallace @ bbp. +44 860 675093Thu Feb 20 1997 05:4240
    Hi Julian, 
    
    As described, this sounds very ambitious for either UNIX or VxWorks.
    Although VxWorks interrupt latencies are more *predictable* than UNIX,
    they aren't actually that much smaller. The report mentioned in .1 has
    figures. From memory, we'll be talking 5-10 uS between interrupt
    occurring and first instruction of driver being executed, which is a
    big part of your 17uS between interrupts and leaves very little time
    for processing in the driver or for real application work.
    
    Obviously a process-to-process context switch takes a whole lot longer
    (again, both with VxWorks and UNIX). If you have lots of those going on
    too you have another problem. A thread to thread context switch is
    substantially quicker. Details in the report.
    
    DMCC/Lego and 2100/VME are *very* different things.
    
    I thought the 2100/VME was end of life ? (It's a Sable with a VME crate
    instead of the EISA bus, courtesy of CSS).
    
    DMCC/Lego is Digital OEM/E+RT group's entry into the growing "passive
    backplane PCI Industrial Computer" market. More info in VTX IR (search
    for Modular Computing in title), or at
    	http://www.digital.com/info/oem
    (or at ayjen1::modular).
    
    What do you mean by an "interrupt accelerator board" ? The DMCC/Lego
    stuff has an "interrupt accelerator chip" which saves having to poll to
    see who interrupted in a PCI-bridged system.
    
    If this really is a PCI-VME system, another thing to watch out for is
    the per-I/O overhead on accessing the VME. It can take longer than you
    expect.
    
    According to my list, the OEM contact in Spain is Julio Ruiz in Madrid.
    Does he have any local tech support who can help you on this ? You need
    to tread carefully, by the sound of things!
    
    regards
    john
8881.3HELIX::SONTAKKEThu Feb 20 1997 12:538
    Is it possible that somebody meant 17.5 milliseconds?
    
    At 17.5 microsecs interrupt rate, even the Alpha hardware will be
    swamped in the PALcode alone.  One would need an intelligent I/O
    controller with internal buffering (similar to UART with FIFO
    buffering) to handle high interrupt rate.
    
    - Vikas
8881.4RTOEU::EGAUTHIERAUA - Another Useful AbbreviationFri Feb 21 1997 02:596
>    According to my list, the OEM contact in Spain is Julio Ruiz in Madrid.
>    Does he have any local tech support who can help you on this ? You need

Technical contact for the OEM group in Madrid is Marianno Rebollo.

-Eric
8881.5Description in .0 => interrupt interval << 17mSBBPBV1::WALLACEjohn wallace @ bbp. +44 860 675093Fri Feb 21 1997 12:0119
    Eric - thanks for the pointer.
    
    Vikas - good suggestion - but I have a feeling that if the info in .0
    is correct, they really really do need a rather high interrupt rate. 
    
    I can't say where the 17uS comes from, but .0 mentions 70 synchronous
    lines, over which radar data will be arriving. If they are all active
    at the same time, and all expecting their data to be processed (as
    distinct from just processing those few which may be of interest), I
    think something different than a single 2100 may be needed. 
    
    Maybe there's more to this than meets the eye. But this is the way it
    looks to me (some of my customers do radar and I'm *assuming* this
    isn't too different, we all know the risks there :-).
    
    Which "EuroOEM Virtual Team" covers this kind of thing ? Aero/defence?
    
    regards
    john