[Search for users] [Overall Top Noters] [List of all Conferences] [Download this site]

Conference hips::uk_audioo

Title:You get surface noise in real life too
Notice:Let's be conformist
Moderator:GOVT02::BARKER
Created:Thu Jul 28 1988
Last Modified:Mon Jun 02 1997
Last Successful Update:Fri Jun 06 1997
Number of topics:550
Total number of notes:3847

459.0. "How does CD work?" by KERNEL::HOGGAND () Thu Nov 11 1993 11:07

    OK, can anyone answer a couple of questions that have been bugging me
    for some time?
    
    How do information get stored on a CD? As I understand it, the music is
    represented by a series of binary pits, detected by the laser pickup.
    What I don't understand is how the same disc can be read by single bit,
    16-bit and 20-bit machines. 
                                             
    Thanks, Dave.
    
T.RTitleUserPersonal
Name
DateLines
459.1Probably a gross over-simplification, but....BAHTAT::SALLITTDave @LZO 845-2374Thu Nov 11 1993 12:1728
    Data on CDs is 16 bits, full stop.
    
    18 and 20 bit players just use an 18 or 20 bit DAC with the two or four
    (respectively) least significant bits unused. The rationale behind this
    that it is difficult (and expensive) to make 16 bit DACs with the
    required low level resolution/linearity. 
    
    However, by using 18 and 20 bit DACs
    their low level resolution bits are wired out by the player
    manufacturer, therefore the lowest cost DACS can be used. This was done
    because the early 16 bit players sounded so dreadful. Beyond this, the
    "no. of bits" quoted for a player has no effect on sound quality at
    all.
    
    "Single-bit" players are so-called because they convert the 16 bits
    into a single pulse whose width varies with the number represented by
    the bits. This pulse is fed to a "1-bit DAC" whose output level is
    equivalent to the pulse width. There are two or three different ways of
    doing this conversion, but they all follow the same basic "pulse width
    modulation" principle. Why do it? For the same reason 18 and 20 bit
    players were developed, and 1-bit is actually more succesful in terms
    of low level linearity and distortion.
    
    In the early days 1-bit was less well understood than multibit and had
    lots of problems of its own, but it seems the 1-bit machines are leading 
    the market in terms of price performance now.
    
    Dave
459.2Library?PEKING::GERRYTFri Dec 03 1993 14:0812
    I believe Gramaphone magazine did a good introduction as to how CD
    works back in about 1986. The book had a brown and silver cover if I
    remember correctly.
    It was informative and explained some of the technicalities about it
    too.
    
    Perhaps if you wrote to a major supplier, they might be able to give
    you some info....or look in the library?
    
    Cheers,
    
    Tim