[Search for users]
[Overall Top Noters]
[List of all Conferences]
[Download this site]
| Title: | Europe-Swas-Artificial-Intelligence |
|
| Moderator: | HERON::BUCHANAN |
|
| Created: | Fri Jun 03 1988 |
| Last Modified: | Thu Aug 04 1994 |
| Last Successful Update: | Fri Jun 06 1997 |
| Number of topics: | 442 |
| Total number of notes: | 1429 |
300.0. "FWD: Inside Information #185" by ULYSSE::ROACH (TANSTAAFL !) Mon Mar 25 1991 17:28
I N T E R O F F I C E M E M O R A N D U M
Date: 18-Mar-1991 10:29pm CET
From: BEANE
BEANE@BIGRED@MRGATE@DPD03@DPD
Dept:
Tel No:
TO: See Below
Subject: FWD: Inside Information #185
ISSUE NO. 185 MARCH 20, 1991
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
*****************************************************************
* *
* PLEASE NOTE new ordering instructions, USE ABSTRACT NUMBER *
* as well as normal information when ordering articles. *
* You will note also a new format. Other improvements *
* will be made soon to expedite this service for you. *
* Watch this space for further announcements. *
* *
*****************************************************************
INSIDE INFORMATION is a biweekly current awareness service that contains
abstracts of current journal articles indexed by subject. This service is
provided by Maynard Area Information Services.
INSIDE INFORMATION is available in hardcopy or electronic format. To be put
on the distribution list for either format, contact Sandy Haber at
ASABET::HABER, or DTN 223-2634. Please include your full name, DTN,
mailstop and VMS node. THERE IS NO CHARGE FOR INSIDE INFORMATION.
Please feel free to distribute INSIDE INFORMATION to your group.
****************************************************************************
PLEASE NOTE: Full text reprints of articles abstracted in INSIDE INFORMATION
can be ordered for $10 each, to cover royalty fees.
TO ORDER ARTICLES: Send ABSTRACT NO., Journal name/date/page numbers, title
of article; your name, cost center, mailstop and node address to:
ASABET::REPRINTS or REPRINTS @MLO (All-in-1) or
REPRINT SERVICE MLO4-3/A20 (Interoffice Mail)
As an alternative, journals, from which articles are abstracted for INSIDE
INFORMATION, are available in most Digital Library Network libraries.
***************************************************************************
SUBJECTS IN THIS ISSUE INCLUDE:
CIM NETWORKS
COMPUTER GRAPHICS OPERATING SYSTEMS
DATABASE MANAGEMENT PERIPHERALS
DIGITAL EQUIPMENT CORP. PERSONAL COMPUTERS
FACTORY AUTOMATION PRODUCTIVITY
FINANCE RISC
GIA SOFTWARE
GLOBAL ECONOMY TECHNOLOGY
HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT TESTING
INFORMATION PROCESSING TRAINING
INFORMATION SYSTEMS WORKSTATIONS
INNOVATIONS
DIGITAL INTERNAL USE ONLY
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
CIM (COMPUTER INTEGRATED MANUFACTURING)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Title: IBM and the Future of CIM Architecture
Author(s): Maki, Krista J.; IBM
Journal: Control engineering
v. 38, n. 2 Feb. 1991 pp. 44-49
Abstract: 227 JA
Subjects:
ENTERPRISE INTEGRATION
IBM
"The goal of the IBM CIM architecture is to allow integration of
a manufacturing enterprise from the engineering and planning
systems to the devices controlling the physical operations on
the production line. Integration to that extent requires
manufacturers to organize the way they control their businesses.
It cannot be done in one quick step. The architecture has to
allow implementation of smaller pieces which can be integrated
over time. As more areas are automated, the architecture has to
provide tools for sharing data efficiently and safely. The
software structure developed to achieve these goals is modular
and layered." "Enabler" products pull together commonly used
functions at two levels: system and applications. IBM is
currently developing applications built on the enabler base, and
is also helping other software developers add applications
within the architecture. Manufacturing enterprise products are
built on a base being used by the broader general business
community, and manufacturers can take advantage of development
investment being made in the non-manufacturing sector.
Integration with non-manufacturing applications is more
straightforward and software product cost is lower.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
COMPUTER GRAPHICS
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Title: Motif on Sun Workstations!
Author(s): Southerton, Alan; Mikes, Steve
Journal: UNIXWorld
v. 8, n. 3 March 1991 pp. 52-58
Abstract: 213 JA
Subjects:
GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACES
SUN MICROSYSTEMS
WORKSTATIONS
"There's a new chapter in the ongoing saga of Motif and Open
Look, the two popular graphical user interfaces (GUIs) for the X
Window System. It's called 'Motif for Sun', but it's not about
how Sun Microsystems, the co-developer of Open Look, has finally
decided to adopt Motif. Instead, it tells how Motif is stealing
the loyalties of Sun users. Sun doesn't support Motif on its
own platforms, but several enterprising vendors have purchased
Motif from the Open Software Foundation and are reselling it.
Their market is a burgeoning one, consisting of Sun workstations,
and an increasing number of Sun clones. This article takes a
critical look at four of these products, and, in the process,
answers some questions about porting Motif to different hardware
systems."
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
DATABASE MANAGEMENT
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Title: The Object-Oriented Database of Your Desire
Author(s): Baldwin, Howard
Journal: UNIXWorld
v. 8, n. 3 March 1991 pp. 87-90
Abstract: 215 JA
Subjects:
C++ CODING
CAD/CAM/CAE
OBJECT-ORIENTED PROGRAMMING
SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT
"Just as a relational database is a way to keep track of
different data and their relationships, an object-oriented
database is a way to keep track of objects and their
relationships. Just as the concept of the OODBMS
(object-oriented database management system) isn't as
complicated as it might seem, the purchase criteria for one
isn't as complicated as it might seem. Before you start, though,
there's one crucial question: do you really need an OODBMS? No
one contends that object-oriented databases will replace
relational databases."
Title: Integrating Distributed Data Bases into the Information Architecture
Author(s): Krasowski, Michael D.
Journal: Journal of information systems management
v. 8, n. 2 Spring 1991 pp. 36-46
Abstract: 222 JA
Subjects:
DATABASE INTEGRATION
DBMS
DISTRIBUTED DATABASES
"To keep pace with rapid changes in corporate business
requirements, organizations have begun to integrate distributed
data base technology into their information architectures.
Distributed data base management systems (DDBMSs) in particular
promote the departmental sharing of data as well as easy access
to data in a distributed environment, both key aspects of any
data management strategy. This article describes the elements
of distributed data base technology to help IS managers control
the integration of distributed data bases in their
organizations."
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
DIGITAL EQUIPMENT CORPORATION
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Title: Digital's Cohesion Strategy
Author(s): Naecker, Philip A.
Journal: The DEC professional
v. 10, n. 3 March 1991 pp. 38-48
Abstract: 248 JA
Subjects:
APPLICATIONS DEVELOPMENT
CASE TOOLS
DICTIONARY SYSTEMS
END-USER LANGUAGES
SOFTWARE ENGINEERING
"It looks as if the CASE environment is one place where Digital
will build software, create an architecture and conceive a
viable long-term strategy. Digital's Cohesion strategy is more
than just theory. The company is buttressing the Cohesion
approach to dictionaries and CASE with several products.
Cohesion also includes a major initiative to make the Digital
environment an attractive platform for developers of CASE tools
on both VMS and ULTRIX." If you're involved in software
development, Cohesion has the potential to make many CASE tools
work together in new and powerful ways. Secondly, if you use
end-user 4GLs and application development environments (ADEs),
you'll likely be interested in the functionality Cohesion will
bring to those tools. Finally, even if you don't use CASE or
end-user tools, you probably use applications developed on
Digital platforms. Application developers who work on Digital
platforms are about to get a productivity boost from Cohesion
products that will let them tackle larger and more complex
applications.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
FACTORY AUTOMATION
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Title: GE Fanuc Rethinks the Factory of the Future
Author(s): Burrows, Peter
Journal: Electronic business
v. 17, n. 4 Feb. 18, 1991 pp. 50-53
Abstract: 211 JA
Subjects:
GENERAL ELECTRIC CORP.
RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
The 1991 Electronics Factory Automation Award, given each year
to a US-based company that best uses manufacturing technology to
improve its competitiveness, goes to GE's manufacturing
operation in Charlottesville, VA: GE Fanuc Automation North
America Inc. This factory, which makes factory automation
equipment such as programmable logic controllers and computer
numerical controls, proves that a well-conceived factory
automation strategy can be instrumental to a company's success.
Four years ago the plant was a primary factor behind GE's
steady descent in the factory automation business. Now, with
new management and a revamped manufacturing philosophy, it is a
cornerstone of GE Fanuc's rapid rise in all of its major
markets.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
FINANCE
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Title: How Five Companies are Beating the Recession
Author(s): Rutter, Nancy
Journal: Electronic business
v. 17, n. 5 March 4, 1991 pp. 26-31
Abstract: 237 JA
Subjects:
COMPUTER INDUSTRY
STRATEGIES
"Those looking for signs of the dreaded "R" word in the
electronics industry need not look very far. In the Northeast,
there was the so-called 'Massachusetts Miracle', which soured
almost as fast as the fortunes of the politician who declared
it. Along the once-robust Route 128 corridor, hard times
arrived months ago, especially for minicomputer makers felled by
the double whammy of economic stagnation and technology that
surpassed them. From the East, the economy's unofficial
recession traveled geographically", making its next stop the
West, where dozens of technology companies and those working in
related areas found themselves in the same boat as the
easterners. Analysts say that in technology markets, a product
cycle will overwhelm the economic cycle if you have the right
product, and Borland is proving that. Five electronics
companies (Conner Peripherals Inc., Borland International Inc.,
Altera Corp., Xilinx Inc., Stratus Computer) are profiled to
illustrate a point: that a well-run company, with the right
product at the right time, can beat the economic odds, whatever
they may be.
Title: Tightened Belts, Heightened Productivity
Author(s): Violino, Robert
Journal: InformationWeek (Manhasset, N.Y.)
n. 310 March 4, 1991 pp. 24-30
Abstract: 240 JA
Subjects:
BUDGETS
INFORMATION SYSTEMS
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
PRODUCTIVITY
The bottom line in this year's response to IW's annual IS budget
survey is that IS chiefs are learning to live with less. Among
other indications, nearly half of the respondents indicate that
they will have less to spend this year than last, taking
inflation into account. Yet despite immediate setbacks -- fewer
budget increases, staff cutbacks -- most IS managers anticipate
budget increases during the next three years, and overall
corporate IT spending is expected to rise through 1991. The
reason for this is that what companies need to do is dependent
on new technology to make it work. The recession is very much
a factor, and people have to learn how to do things smarter.
Yet many of the CIOs who reported reduced budgets also report
that they have adequate funds. Most blamed their reductions on
the sluggish economy or general corporatewide cutbacks, but some
cited improved efficiencies, data center consolidations, and
lower costs due to outsourcing.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
GIA (GENERAL INTERNATIONAL AREA)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Title: A Big Country with Big Plans -- and Big Problems
Author(s): Ribeiro, John
Journal: Electronic business
v. 17, n. 4 Feb. 18, 1991 pp. 65-69
Abstract: 212 JA
Subjects:
ELECTRONICS INDUSTRY
INDIA
TECHNOLOGY
"Roughly four times larger than it was five years ago, India's
electronics industry has been booming. But in order to meet
ambitious government targets set for 1995, it will have to keep
booming." The boom has been fueled by low-end consumer
production, mostly televisions. Government initiatives eased
restrictions on both technology imports and manufacturing
licensing, while removing the licensing of the components
industry, thereby opening the electronics arena to private
companies that have up to 40% of foreign equity. The
government's attitude toward the private sector in recent years
is changing. In the early 1970s, government owned 90% of
production in Karnataka, the heart of India's electronics
industry, but today controls just over half. Today, shortages
of cash and components could seriously stall their electronics
boom.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
GLOBAL ECONOMY
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Title: Determining the Real Costs of Doing Business in a Global Market
Author(s): Howell, Robert A.; Soucy, Stephen R.
Journal: National productivity review
v. 10, n. 2 Spring 1991 pp. 157-165
Abstract: 245 JA
Subjects:
INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
MARKETING
"Companies are recognizing that to be successful they have to
compete in the 'global marketplace'. Identifying new market
opportunities, evaluating international manufacturing and
sourcing alternatives, and analyzing the profitability of
sub-business units are fundamental to taking advantage of the
changes taking place. The significant risk companies must
address is the quality of the information they are using to make
decisions. The truth is that many accounting systems are not
designed to provide information to answer the questions managers
face in today's market. Worse, the information is still used
and catastrophic decisions are made because the accounting
information indicates it is the smart thing to do. This article
describes some of the risks of existing cost information. The
article also provides a case example to highlight the risks of
using your existing accounting system to make international
decisions, as well as the opportunities and value that quality
management accounting information can provide."
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Title: Getting the Job Done Over There: Improving Expatriate Productivity
Author(s): Bird, Allan; Dunbar, Roger; New York University
Journal: National productivity review
v. 10, n. 2 Spring 1991 pp. 145-156
Abstract: 244 JA
Subjects:
INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS
MANAGEMENT
PRODUCTIVITY
"Despite increased participation in international markets, poor
performance and failure rates of U.S. expatriate managers remain
high. Major factors contributing to failure include a manager's
inability to adjust to the job, inability to adjust to the new
culture, or a manager's spouse and family's inability to adjust
to the new assignment. Strategies to improve expatriate
productivity include organizational support in the form of
improved job training, cultural and language training,
predeparture and postarrival mentoring, and health and
stress-reduction training. This support should also be
extended to the spouse and other family members."
Title: Achieving White-Collar Whitewater Performance by Organizational
Alignment
Author(s): Helton, B. Ray; AIM
Journal: National productivity review
v. 10, n. 2 Spring 1991 pp. 227-244
Abstract: 247 JA
Subjects:
MANAGEMENT
ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE
PERFORMANCE
PRODUCTIVITY
"A firm's vision should clearly direct how both organizational
resources and individual time are to be employed. This article
examines how organizational alignment -- a system in which all
missions closely connect to fulfill the vision -- breaches
bureaucratic barriers to create common purpose. Through it,
measures that can focus effort and speed up work form
passageways to continuous improvement. People spend more time
doing value-added work and enjoying it more, which in turn
produces a surge in gains."
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
INFORMATION PROCESSING
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Title: An Overview of Neural OCR Networks
Author(s): Schantz, Herbert F.
Journal: Journal of information systems management
v. 8, n. 2 Spring 1991 pp. 22-27
Abstract: 221 JA
Subjects:
NEURAL NETWORKS
NEUROCOMPUTING
OPTICAL CHARACTER RECOGNITION
"Because neural networks specialize in handling ambiguous data,
they are especially suited for such applications as speech
recognition and optical character recognition (OCR). OCR
applications are usually ambiguous because their data is
generated by an inconsistent factor -- the individual. This
article provides an overview of neural networks and describes
how this technology can be integrated with OCR technology to
create neural OCR networks that can significantly improve the
process of optical character recognition."
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
INFORMATION SYSTEMS
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Title: Beyond Centralized and Decentralized IS: Virtual Centralization
Author(s): Morison, Robert F.
Journal: Information strategy
v. 7, n. 3 Spring 1991 pp. 5-11
Abstract: 241 JA
Subjects:
BUSINESS UNITS
END-USER COMPUTING
MANAGEMENT
"How should IS be organized? Even in companies with
long-standing traditions of centralization, the dispersal of
systems and IS professionals to individual business units
involves much more than support for end-user computing. Many of
those units have even established their own semiprofessional IS
organizations. What responsibilities are left for central IS
management? The physical distribution of hardware, software,
and people is a relatively minor part of the answer. At stake
is control of the business-critical systems that help determine
the entire company's competitive performance."
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
INNOVATIONS
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Title: Engines of Progress: Designing and Running Entrepreneurial Vehicle
in Established Companies; Raytheon's New Product Center, 1969-1989
Author(s): Kanter, Rosabeth Moss; North, Jeffrey; Richardson, Lisa; et al
Journal: Journal of business venturing
v. 6, n. 2 March 1991 pp. 145-163
Abstract: 218 JA
Subjects:
ENTREPRENEURSHIP
NEW PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT
"Research has tended to demonstrate that entrepreneurship is
difficult for established companies to tolerate, let alone
manage, for more than a short period of time. A central
question is whether or not it is possible to design a mechanism
that will reliably and continually produce newstreams. The
effective juggling of both creativity and relevance, producing a
regular flow of new revenue sources at a modest level -- and
doing this for 20 years -- is the central theme of the Raytheon
New Product Center Case. The major organizational issue is the
integration of the creative process into the organizational
mainstream to produce innovation. By concentrating on new
opportunities for existing businesses and the use of latent
Raytheon technology and expertise, the NPC avoided creating
excess friction between the newstream and the mainstream.
Overall, it was too small to be a threat and too integrated to
become peripheral or irrelevant."
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
NETWORKS
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Title: NetWare vs. LAN Manager
Author(s): Simpson, David
Journal: Systems integration
v. 24, n. 2 Feb. 1991 pp. 25-31
Abstract: 204 JA
Subjects:
LANS
OPERATING SYSTEMS
NetWare, from Novell Inc., still commands the lion's share of
the personal computer-based network operating systems market,
but the PC jungle is getting crowded. The strongest competitors
are OS/2 LAN Manager versions from IBM, Microsoft, 3Com Corp.,
and numerous OEMs; Unix-based network operating systems from
Banyan Systems Inc.; Microsoft's LAN Manager for Unix; and
Portable NetWare from Novell; and other network operating
systems such as AppleTalk from Apple and TOPS from Sitka Corp.
The biggest battle is between NetWare and the various
implementations of OS/2 LAN Manager. Yet systems integrators
say that the technical differences are actually minor.
Title: Managing the Center of the Universe
Author(s): Skorupa, Joe
Journal: LAN : the local area network magazine
v. 6, n. 3 March 1991 pp. 69-75
Abstract: 226 JA
Subjects:
ETHERNET
MULTIVENDOR NETWORKS
NETWORK MANAGEMENT
"The wiring concentrator is quickly becoming the center of the
network universe. The industry's embrace of star-wired network
topologies is making it so. Back in the days of thin Ethernet,
the center of the network was a coax multiport repeater, a
typically monolithic device that supported 29 nodes per port in
a multidrop configuration. Today, however, the popularity of
10BaseT unshielded twisted-pair (UTP) Ethernet and its
point-to-point-only topology is driving the market toward
high-density, modular, multiport repeaters (or hubs). Because
of its role in the network, the hub presents an interesting
dichotomy: all nodes communicate via the hub, so the hub is a
single point of failure. At the same time it provides an ideal
focal point from which to observe and control the network.
Because the hub is so critical, the IEEE 802.3 Working
Committee in 1990 formed a task force to develop standards for
managing Ethernet hubs. This article sheds some light on the
proposed management capabilities."
Title: ISDN: A Snapshot
Author(s): Wu, William W.; Livne, Adam
Journal: Proceedings of the IEEE
v. 79, n. 2 Feb. 1991 pp. 103-111
Abstract: 232 JA
Subjects:
INTEGRATED SERVICES DIGITAL NETWORK
TELECOMMUNICATION NETWORKS
TELECOMMUNICATIONS
"A snapshot of the present status of ISDN is presented in terms
of standardization efforts, field trials and demonstrations,
implementation and services, and equipment and devices. ISDN,
intended and planned to evolve gradually and in an orderly
manner into a uniform and unified global telecommunication
network, is not following exactly the course envisioned at its
conception. All of the participants involved in ISDN evolution
agree, at least in principle, on the absolute necessity of a
unified approach leading to common standards, interfaces, and
procedures. However, it is in putting the ISDN into practice
that they differ. A bird's eye view of opinions and
controversies as well as future trends is given. All
discussions in this paper are intended to be indicative and not
exhaustive. The purpose of such indications is to show the fact
that ISDN is 'for real' and is coming, even if it comes slowly.
Regardless, electrical engineers as network providers, equipment
manufacturers, or users need to be prepared for this
eventuality."
Title: ISDN - The Path to Broadband Networks
Author(s): Kleinrock, Leonard
Journal: Proceedings of the IEEE
v. 79, n. 2 Feb. 1991 pp. 112-117
Abstract: 233 JA
Subjects:
DATA COMMUNICATIONS
INTEGRATED SERVICES DIGITAL NETWORKS
TELECOMMUNICATION NETWORKS
TELECOMMUNICATIONS
"Telecommunications currently...has one of the fastest growth
rates of all industries today. Moreover, it is based on some of
the most exciting technologies available, changing rapidly, and
influencing almost every aspect of business, commerce,
education, health, government, and entertainment. Its products
are visible to everyone, and yet, the full impact of this
juggernaut is not yet appreciated by most observers. What has
caused this enormous growth has been the explosion of digital
technology. This appeared first as data processing machines and
soon had its impact on data communications. This impact emerged
as data communication networks, principally in the form of
packet switching in the 1970s. Since then, the data processing
industry and the data communication industry have converged in a
fashion that will never again let them separate. It is the
purpose of this paper to evaluate the effect of ISDN on the
field of data networks, to anticipate future directions for this
technology, and to discuss how the user should view these
developments."
Title: ISDN Standardization
Author(s): Kano, Sadahiko; Kitami, Ken'ichi; Kawarasaki, Masatoshi
Journal: Proceedings of the IEEE
v. 79, n. 2 Feb. 1991 pp. 118-124
Abstract: 236 JA
Subjects:
INTEGRATED SERVICES DIGITAL NETWORKS
TELECOMMUNICATION NETWORKS
TELECOMMUNICATIONS
"Thanks to the standards, ISDNs and their services all over the
world can be interworked and any ISDN terminals can be
interconnected with each other. This paper overviews the
history and achievements of ISDN standardization in the CCITT.
Two of the most important developments, namely ISDN basic and
supplementary services and broad-band ISDN, are focused upon.
The background or underlying concepts in the discussions of ISDN
standardization are briefly explained."
Title: Managing Big Blue
Author(s): Nance, Barry
Journal: Byte
v. 16, n. 3 March 1991 pp. 197-204
Abstract: 238 JA
Subjects:
IBM
NETWORK MANAGEMENT
"IBM is well along in providing integrated network management
tools for its network offerings. This article looks at the
workings of NetView, IBM's network management solution for SNA
systems, and IBM's LAN Manager, which lets you manage Token Ring
systems. It provides an understanding of how to manage IBM
networks."
Title: Mixing and Matching LANs
Author(s): Stephenson, Peter
Journal: Byte
v. 16, n. 3 March 1991 pp. 157-164
Abstract: 239 JA
Subjects:
INTERCONNECTION STRATEGIES
INTERCONNECTIVITY
PROTOCOLS
Heterogeneous networks are composed of several network segments,
and most were originally designed to communicate only with their
own kind on a homogeneous network, so seamlessly tying together
all the different network segments in a large organization
remains a nearly impossible task. Various issues must be
addressed when you connect dissimilar networks, such as
connecting and communicating with different topologies,
protocols, and networking models. Some of the problems can be
solved by various "black box" technologies.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
OPERATING SYSTEMS
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Title: The Debut of a New UNIX
Author(s): Farrow, Rik
Journal: UNIXWorld
v. 8, n. 3 March 1991 pp. 79-84
Abstract: 214 JA
Subjects:
INTERFACES
PORTABILITY
UNIX
Open Software Foundation's new operating system, OSF/1, is very
much like one of the many UNIX variants based on AT&T's System
V, with Berkeley enhancements. That is good news for
programmers, because software may port more easily. OSF/1's
interface conforms to two application programmer interfaces:
System V Interface Definition (SVID Release 3) and the latest
X/Open Portability Guide (XPG3). More subtle distinctions
include being the first to provide an application program-level
multiprocessing interface. Both versions have strong
similarities on the issues of kernel-level multiprocessing,
graphical user interfaces, security, supported file systems,
logical volumes, internalization, and memory-mapped files.
Programmers are going to have to look hard to differentiate
OSF/1 from its rival, AT&T's System V, Release 4.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
PERIPHERALS
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Title: Anatomy of an X Terminal
Author(s): Socarras, Angel E.; Cooper, Robert S.; Stonecypher, William F.
Journal: IEEE spectrum
v. 28, n. 3 March 1991 pp. 52-55
Abstract: 229 JA
Subjects:
GUI
LANS
TERMINALS
WORKSTATIONS
X WINDOW SYSTEM
"An X Window System makes it possible to view applications
running on several computer resources linked by a network that
embraces an entire enterprise. Thus, as X terminals achieve new
price-performance plateaus, the market is expected to expand to
many more business applications requiring their network
connectivity and other assets." An X terminal is like a
diskless workstation, and therefore lacks such features as
high-speed disk controllers, large caches, and memory management
units needed in workstations with disk storage. Instead, the
focus is on network communications, graphics performance, and
graphical user interface enhancements, with the end result being
viewed as an "'application-specific workstation,' in the sense
that its hardware and software are optimized for running the X
protocol. Because of this dedication, X terminals are generally
40-50% more cost effective than workstations for running X."
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
PERSONAL COMPUTERS
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Title: CD-ROM Production Power!
Author(s): McCusker, Tom
Journal: Datamation
v. 37, n. 4 Feb. 15, 1991 pp. 27-29
Abstract: 217 JA
Subjects:
CD-ROM TECHNOLOGY
WORKSTATIONS
"Producing a CD-ROM application was once so expensive that only
huge projects were justified. But Meridian Data's CD-ROM
Professional potentially lowers the cost by bringing CD-ROM
production in-house." Two years ago, Meridian introduced the
first version of its CD Professional -- a PC-based CD-ROM
publishing/manufacturing system that enables users to capture
data from a variety of sources, including mainframes, reformat
the data for CD-ROM and actually produce a usable CD-ROM master
in-house. Using this system, users can bypass the expensive
outside mastering process altogether. By putting CD-ROM
production on a personal computer, the CD Professional and other
products in its PC family are breaking ground in the
affordability of CD-ROM publishing system.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
PRODUCTIVITY
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Title: Improving Productivity in Service Operations on an International
Basis
Author(s): Blumberg, Donald F.
Journal: National productivity review
v. 10, n. 2 Spring 1991 pp. 167-179
Abstract: 246 JA
Subjects:
GLOBAL ECONOMY
SERVICE INDUSTRIES
"Although there has been increasing attention given to improving
service productivity and quality, the focus has been spotty and
fragmented, with the greatest emphasis in Europe. Productivity
improvement is much more difficult to assess and promote in
service industries than it is in manufacturing because of the
lack of standards, targets, and measurable parameters, and the
need to deal with service as viewed from the customer's
perspective. New developments in service quality standards are
helping to provide a standard base for improving service
productivity."
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
RISC (REDUCED INSTRUCTION SET COMPUTING)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Title: RISC: Evaluation and Selection
Author(s): Mallach, Efrem G
Journal: Journal of information systems management
v. 8, n. 2 Spring 1991 pp. 8-16
Abstract: 219 JA
Subjects:
INFORMATION SYSTEMS MANAGEMENT
"Assessing RISC (reduced instruction set computing) technology
can be a challenging task for IS managers. The claims of RISC
advocates and the technical language used to describe RISC's
advantages as well as the unproven records of many of its
suppliers can be confusing. This article explains RISC
technology, describes the leading vendors and products in the
emerging RISC markets, and provides guidelines for determining
whether RISC is appropriate for particular departments."
Title: Why Gamble on RISC?
Author(s): Mallach, Efrem G.
Journal: Information strategy
v. 7, n. 3 Spring 1991 pp. 12-20
Abstract: 242 JA
Subjects:
BUSINESS SYSTEMS
INFORMATION SYSTEMS
OPERATING SYSTEMS
"Claiming previously unheard-of performance and reasonable cost,
several vendors have recently introduced their versions of
commercial RISC product lines. Most target the scientific and
engineering workstation markets, but some are being marketed as
mainstream business systems. Most run the UNIX operating
system, which has been reported on extensively in the computer
press, but is still used infrequently in corporate IS shops.
This article explains RISC technology, identifies the leading
vendors and products, and provides guidelines for determining
whether RISC is appropriate for particular IS applications, and
if it is, how to acquire and integrate the technology."
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
SOFTWARE
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Title: Object-oriented Paradigm
Author(s): Marquess, Philip
Journal: The DEC professional
v. 10, n. 3 March 1991 pp. 50-59
Abstract: 249 JA
Subjects:
OBJECT-ORIENTED PROGRAMMING
PROGRAMMING
"A new buzzword for a new decade, object-oriented programming
(OOP) promises to improve the time it takes to write programs,
the ease with which programs can be modified, and the
reliability and reusability of software components. OOP lets
you build programs from libraries of reusable components,
instead of constantly rewriting the same basic algorithms.
Although problems of distribution and documentation remain, the
benefits of OOP will surely repay the efforts." Paradigms are
ways of thinking about and describing the computational process.
They represent high-level abstraction, as opposed to the
relentless fetching and executing that the CPU actually does.
The OOP paradigm is partly an outgrowth of the modularity
principles that have already become well-established in the
classical method (procedural programming).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
SOFTWARE ENGINEERING
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Title: End-User Computing in a CASE Environment
Author(s): Lin, Chang-Yang; Chung, Chen-Hua
Journal: Journal of information systems management
v. 8, n. 2 Spring 1991 pp. 17-21
Abstract: 220 JA
Subjects:
INFORMATION SYSTEMS
"Computer-aided software engineering (CASE) tools are currently
being used by IS professionals rather than by users. No matter
how effective these tools may be, however, they will not be able
to assist in the reduction of application backlogs without
supporting user-driven applications. This article examines
characteristics of a CASE environment from the various
perspectives of decision support, identifies the advantages and
limitations of end-user computing in this environment, and
suggests how IS managers can realize the potentials of CASE for
user applications."
Title: CASE for Existing Systems
Author(s): Bush, Eric
Journal: Information strategy
v. 7, n. 3 Spring 1991 pp. 31-39
Abstract: 243 JA
Subjects:
BUSINESS MODELS
CAE
CASE
"Most computer-aided software engineering (CASE) tools are
designed to automate development of new independent systems, not
the tasks programmers actually perform to meet constantly
changing business needs. CASE, however, can be used for
existing systems -- targeting the subtle but constant
modifications that all production systems undergo -- with the
help of the author's redefined systems life cycle and reverse
engineering." Currently, software now enters the traditional
systems development life cycle but never leaves. Unless
disaster strikes, programmers need never again develop an
entirely new program from scratch. Reverse engineering
technology would automate the recycling of these programs.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
TECHNOLOGY
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Title: Nanotechnology: the Promise and Peril of Ultratiny Machines
Author(s): Roland, Jon
Journal: The Futurist
v. 25, n. 2 Mar/Apr 1991 pp. 29-35
Abstract: 207 JA
Subjects:
BIOTECHNOLOGY
MOLECULAR MACHINES
NANOTECHNOLOGY
"The past few years have seen several breakthroughs toward the
dream of realizing machines that control matter at the scale of
molecules. It's time now to think seriously about the
opportunities and hazards they will bring. There are already
several man-made molecular machines that do one main thing; for
instance, there are artificial antibodies that attack disease
organisms. The real breakthrough will come when we can build a
new kind of nanomachine that, like DNA and its associated
enzymes, can do a variety of things according to stored
instructions or control inputs. Molecule-sized machines could
offer a host of amazing benefits, from organ regeneration to
habitat restoration. But they could also someday replace human
beings as the planet's dominant force. "
Title: Developing a New Strategy at Kodak
Author(s): Whiting, Rick
Journal: Electronic business
v. 17, n. 4 Feb. 18, 1991 pp. 30-34
Abstract: 210 JA
Subjects:
DESKTOP COLOR IMAGING
ELECTRONIC IMAGING
IMAGE PROCESSING
PHOTOGRAPHY
"Silver meets silicon. That's how Eastman Kodak Co. sums up its
plan to leverage its technology and expertise in photography to
become the leader in the emerging electronic-imaging markets.
Kodak now sees electronic imaging -- particularly a new market
segment it calls desktop color imaging -- as the wave of the
future." Kodak's plan faces potential stumbling blocks. The
company has to balance its photographic and electronic-imaging
businesses to prevent conflict and cannibalization. Kodak's
success hinges on convincing other hardware and software vendors
to accept its proposed standards. Most important is the
question of whether Kodak can adapt to the demands of
fast-moving, competitive high-technology markets.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
TESTING
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Title: Cutting the High Cost of Testing
Author(s): Souders, T. Michael; Stenbakken, Gerard N.; NIST
Journal: IEEE spectrum
v. 28, n. 3 March 1991 pp. 48-51
Abstract: 228 JA
Subjects:
ANALOG-TO-DIGITAL CONVERTERS
EMPIRICAL MODELING
OPTIMAL DESIGN
PRODUCTION TESTING
"A new modeling approach to testing can realize time and cost
savings for analog and mixed-signal devices. Developed at the
National Institute of Standards and Technology, it utilizes the
fact that the behavior of many devices is often governed by a
relatively small set of underlying variables. Thus finding a set
of maximally independent test points can come easily."
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
TRAINING
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Title: The "Basics" of In-house Skills Training
Author(s): Zalman, Richard G.
Journal: HRMagazine
v. 36, n. 2 Feb. 1991 pp. 74-78
Abstract: 223 JA
Subjects:
EDUCATION
HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
LITERACY SKILLS
By many accounts, the public education system has failed in its
primary mission of basic education for the general populace.
For US industry, adult illiteracy presents a complex training
dilemma of serious proportions. In the face of fierce global
competition and unfavorable work force demographics, U.S.
industry is involved as an 'educator of last resort' in
combating adult illiteracy among employees. Many assert that
the US work force cannot compete globally with the work forces
of countries such as Japan, Taiwan and Korea if basic literacy
needs go unmet. In increasing numbers, U.S. businesses are
establishing workplace basic-skills training programs for their
employees. Human resource professionals are being called upon
to offer training program options to line managers. HR
professionals are quickly educating themselves about the
'literacy landscape' so that they may seize this dramatic and
timely opportunity for partnership with line management.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
WORKSTATIONS
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Title: Sony's Portable RISC Workstation
Author(s): Farrow, Rik
Journal: UNIXWorld
v. 8, n. 3 March 1991 pp. 94-98
Abstract: 216 JA
Subjects:
DESKTOP COMPUTING
LAPTOPS
PORTABLE COMPUTERS
RISC PROCESSING
"The Sony News 3250 is not a laptop workstation, but it is the
next best thing to one -- a 17-pound RISC-based portable that
you can use in the field, on a ski weekend, or any time you have
access to an AC outlet. In fact, you can use it as your
workstation in the office Monday through Friday and easily bring
it home every weekend. Although Sony calls it a laptop, the News
3250 is not quite a laptop." In Europe, it is called a
"lapstation" but in the U.S. Sony opted for the popular laptop
label even though it lacks a battery power supply. It is a
sleek portable, not at all reminiscent of the old Compaq sewing
machines. "The News 3250 gives Sony a technical edge in the UNIX
portable market. What distinguishes it from 386 laptops is the
RISC processor and a high-resolution display. Its main drawback
is in the LCD-display technology that it shares with other
laptops, lacking both color and quick-reacting pixels. Fast,
animated displays are almost invisible. These shortcomings
aside, the News 3250 is an excellent workstation at a reasonable
price, and heralds even more portable power than standard
laptops."
Distribution:
TO: Pat Roach@VBE
TO: Susan Sugar@MWO
TO: Steve Becker@AQO
TO: Ed Hurry@DVO
TO: SHIRLEY CRIDER@DVO
TO: STEVE DONOVAN@DLO
TO: DENNIS DICKERSON@DLO
TO: Czarena Siebert@HSO
TO: Mike Sievers@HSO
TO: Mike Willis@HSO
TO: Sherry Williams@HSO
TO: Dale Stout@HSO
TO: Tommy Gaut@HSO
TO: Tom Wilson@HST
TO: jim rather@HSO
| T.R | Title | User | Personal
Name | Date | Lines
|
|---|