| T.R | Title | User | Personal
Name | Date | Lines |
|---|
| 424.1 | VOSTOK 1 anniversary celebrations | ADVAX::KLAES | All the Universe, or nothing! | Mon Apr 08 1991 16:31 | 43 |
| From: [email protected] (George Muzyka)
Newsgroups: sci.space
Subject: 30 Years of Manned Spaceflight
Date: 9 Apr 91 17:16:07 GMT
As everyone is aware, April 12, 1991 is the 30th anniversary of
manned spaceflight and the 10th anniversary of the Space Shuttle.
A large exhibition has opened in Moscow to mark these two
anniversaries and has on display mockups of the first spacecraft and
satellites, the current orbital station Mir, the Buran space shuttle
and suits for spacewalks. A large section of this exhibition is
devoted to international space flights which have included Soviet
cosmonauts on them.
The New Zealand Spaceflight Association, Inc. has just completed
construction of a full scale mockup of the Vostok spacecraft which
Yuri Gagarin made his pioneering flight back in 1961, and will be on
display in Auckland, New Zealand at a Space Day which is being held at
the Auckland Observatory. Fourteen spaceflight association members and
several hundred hours work, we are proud of our Vostok. The Space Day
will be marking both the anniversaries at the Auckland Observatory on
the Sunday following this date, on April 14th. The public will be able
to enjoy a lot of interesting audio-visual and general display
material on spaceflights. This is not our first major public space day
event; in 1983 the NZ Spaceflight Association operated a big display
at the Whenuapai Airshow amongst the civilian exhibitors, of which
ours was found to have attracted the largest passing crowd. Tens of
thousands of people attended that 1983 Airshow here in Auckland, most
of them saw our display, and the New Zealand-made radiometer (which
has flown on the U.S. Shuttle) was part of our exhibit for all to see.
Although our coming Space Day will not be anywhere a major public
event as an annual airshow, we can still expect a good turnout.
Well that's two places I know have exhibitions on for the two
major space anniversaries, can somebody else fill us in with some
details of other such exhibits planned worldwide? Hope everyone finds
a useful event near them on or around the 12th, certainly the
television, radio and newspaper media too.
Happy Anniversary!
|
| 424.2 | "Cosmonaut" Ivan Ivanovich | ADVAX::KLAES | All the Universe, or nothing! | Mon Apr 08 1991 17:15 | 63 |
| From: [email protected] (GERALD NADLER)
Newsgroups: clari.tw.space,clari.news.hot.east_europe,clari.news.hot.ussr
Subject: Dummmies were sent up before Gagarin flight
Date: 8 Apr 91 18:06:43 GMT
MOSCOW (UPI) -- Before cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin became the first
man in space 30 years ago, the Soviet Union sent a dummy into orbit,
leading the natives who first found it to believe that an earlier
cosmonaut had died during a mission, a Soviet expert writes.
Georgi Grechko, 60, who has made three space flights, writes
in the February issue of the newspaper Completely Secret that he
himself monitored all the early manned flights as an assistant of the
Soviet Union's ``chief designer,'' Sergei Korolyev.
He said he can verify that Gagarin indeed became the world's
first man in space on April 12, 1961, in a flight from Baikonur
Cosmodrome in desolate Central Asia.
In explaining ``how these (false) legends were born,'' Grechko writes:
``Before Gagarin's flight, we repeatedly sent aloft space
ships,'' he said. ``At first they were empty, then with dogs aboard
and in an ancient tradition of aviation capsules were launched with
'Ivan Ivanovich' -- a dummy to which transmitters were attached.
``There were times when the ship landed with 'Ivan Ivanovich,'
and the native inhabitants (in Central Asia) first found him,'' he
writes. ``Is it surprising that, having seen a dummy in the capsule,
they took it for a dead human? Especially since they were looking at a
'man' in a space suit.
``There you have an explanation of how rumors appeared about a
man in space -- and even more so one that died,'' the article said.
``We realized this and finally attached a tag on the space suit, 'Ivan
Ivanovich, a dummy.'''
Although the flight of the dog Laika was announced to the
world, the missions with the dummies constituted a new twist in recent
revelations about the space program that was once so secret that
``chief designer'' Korolyev was never identified in his lifetime.
Korolyev himself, one of the greatest rocket designers in
history, emerged from Josef Stalin's labor camps to head the special
effort to beat the United States into space.
Grechko said the dummy flights and the empty-capsule trips
also carried tape recorded messages to verify two-way communication,
and these may have led to rumors about a pre-Gagarin cosmonaut seeking
help in a supposedly out-of control craft.
``These recorded messages were in the form of a set
combination of letters and numbers, and it is easy to assume that ham
radio listeners took it for beseeching help,'' Grechko said.
He also said one capsule careened off on an endless space
odyssey and that several rockets blew up before the Gagarin mission.
Completely Secret previously has published excerpts from
American aerospace engineer James Oberg's book, ``Uncovering Soviet
Disasters.'' The newspaper's editor is Yulian Semyenov, the most
popular writer of mystery and spy novels in the country.
|
| 424.3 | Gagarin was mistaken for an American spy | ADVAX::KLAES | All the Universe, or nothing! | Tue Apr 16 1991 13:00 | 60 |
| From: [email protected] (GERALD NADLER)
Newsgroups: clari.news.gov.international,clari.news.hot.east_europe
Subject: The day of Gagarin's flight remembered 30 years later
Date: 12 Apr 91 16:10:34 GMT
MOSCOW (UPI) -- When Yuri Gagarin landed near the Volga River
after man's first space flight, peasant women fled from him thinking
he was an American spy, Gagarin's biographer revealed Friday on the
30th anniversary of the flight.
``Mother, where are you running? I am not a foreigner,''
Gagarin shouted on landing near Uzmoriye on the Volga as Anna
Tahktorovna and her grandaughter, Rita, then 6, fled.
In the account published in the newspaper Komsomolskaya
Pravda, space writer Yaroslav Golovanov noted that a year earlier
Francis Gary Powers U-2 was shot out of the sky by Soviet
anti-aircraft gunners with much propagandistic hoopla.
``They had heard nothing about the Gagarin flight, but they
remembered Powers,'' Golovanov said.
Gagarin's Russian speech calmed the forester's wife and
grandchild, but that was only part of the drama in the Volga
settlement after the cosmonaut parachuted to safety from his capsule
after the one-orbit flight, Golovanov writes.
The cosmonaut's radio and inflatable rubber dinghy were
quickly buried by the villagers who arrived on motorycles. ``The radio
could go to hell, but the dinghy was a genuine gift for the village
fishermen ... , and besides it literally fell down from the sky,''
Golovanov recalls.
But the omnipresent KGB arrived and threatend to arrest the
entire village if the dinghy and radio were not given back.
``'It seems to be torn,' the thieves said, but their rural
cunning did not work, and the gloomy KGB captain threw the dinghy into
the car and drove off without saying good-bye,'' Golovanov writes.
Gagarin died on March 27, 1968, at age 34 when the MiG-15
jet fighter he was flying crashed during his training for a second
space flight involving the first docking of two space ships.
Vladimir Shatalov, who is now head of cosmonaut training,
recalled Friday that he took Gagarin's spot on that mission, and ``so
my dream came true because of Gagarin's death.''
Last year, rumors circulated in Moscow that Gagarin was still
alive and living depressed in a hospital.
But the Communist Party newspaper Pravda in January 1988
published the government report on the death of the world's first
cosmonaut, blaming it on faulty information from the control tower on
the cloud cover and the unexpected jetwash from another fighter.
The second plane, a MiG-21, crossed a few hundred yards in
front of Gagarin's MiG-15 and sent his plane spinning out of control.
Gagarin and his co-pilot, Vladimir Seryogin, died, the report said.
|
| 424.4 | More to the story | 15372::LEPAGE | Welcome to the Machine | Tue Apr 16 1991 13:56 | 8 |
| Re:.3
There is a little bit more to the story about the startled women
and her grand-daughter. After they calmed down a bit they asked Gagarin
who was still in his space suit, "Are you from space?" to which he
replied "As a matter of fact..." :-)
Drew
|
| 424.5 | The names of Gagarin's spacecraft | ADVAX::KLAES | All the Universe, or nothing! | Wed Apr 17 1991 13:45 | 97 |
| From: [email protected] (George Muzyka)
Newsgroups: sci.space
Subject: The first VOSTOK in space
Date: 17 Apr 91 12:16:48 GMT
We all call the first Soviet Vostok manned spacecraft, piloted by Yuri
Gagarin in April 1961, VOSTOK 1.
Well on Radio Moscow World Service last week an item on this 30th
anniversary mentioned that the technicians back then called Gagarin's
Vostok by the name of VOSTOK 3A.
A young guy by the name of Sergei (Sergei Korolev's namesake, Korolev
the man who designed the Vostok) was part of the testing of Gagarin's
Vostok by sitting inside through a rugid program of tests, namely high
temperature changes. The young Sergei is suppose to have lost 13 lb (6
kg) in weight (most presumably in body sweat) from that Vostok cabin
test.
So could it be that the name VOSTOK 3A refers to the third major phase
in the first V8Aec!$JJ.*P3)aft? Any light on this, anyone?
From: [email protected] (Chris Jones)
Newsgroups: sci.space
Subject: Re: The first VOSTOK in space
Date: 17 Apr 91 11:59:36 GMT
Sender: [email protected]
Organization: Kendall Square Research Corp
In article <[email protected]>, George_Muzyka@kcbbs
(George Muzyka) writes:
>We all call the first Soviet Vostok manned spacecraft, piloted by Yuri
>Gagarin in April 1961, VOSTOK 1.
When Radio Moscow announced the launch, they referred to it simply as Vostok,
with no number. It wasn't until Vostok 2 that Gagarin's craft was called
Vostok 1. Similarly, Voskhod 1 didn't acquire its number until Voskhod 2 had
been launched. Soyuz 1, however, was called Soyuz 1 from the start, fuelling
speculation that there was supposed ot have been a Soyuz 2 launched to
rendezvous with it.
>Well on Radio Moscow World Service last week an item on this 30th anniversary
>mentioned that the technicians back then called Gagarin's Vostok by
>the name of VOSTOK 3A.
>
>So could it be that the name VOSTOK 3A refers to the third major phase
>in the first V8Aec!$JJ.*P3)aft? Any light on this, anyone?
I've heard that there were three variants of early Vostoks. The first was an
"electrical analogue" and had no heat shield. Korabl Sputnik 1 was the only
known launch of this type. The second and third variants had heat shields and
were capable of returning their payload and passengers to earth. The
differences between the two were minor; I recall that there was some
improvement in the orientation system. Korabl Sputniks 2 through 5 were all
Vostok spacecraft under a different name, and all carried a dog or two as well
as other biological cargo (rats, seeds, etc.). All except KS 3 were successes;
KS 3 burned up due to an incorrect reentry angle. I believe it was the first
test of the new, improved Vostok (!), but by the time Gagarin flew, KS 4 and 5
had already validated the design and flown successful one orbit missions, so
the go-ahead was given for Gagarin's launch.
--
Chris Jones [email protected] {uunet,harvard,world}!ksr!clj
Article 29391
From: [email protected] (Jonathan McDowell)
Newsgroups: sci.space
Subject: Re: The first VOSTOK in space
Date: 17 Apr 91 13:09:04 GMT
Organization: Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Cambridge, MA, USA
From article <[email protected]>, by [email protected] (Chris Jones):
> In article <[email protected]>,
> George_Muzyka@kcbbs (George Muzyka) writes:
>>We all call the first Soviet Vostok manned spacecraft, piloted by Yuri
>>Gagarin in April 1961, VOSTOK 1.
> When Radio Moscow announced the launch, they referred to it simply as Vostok,
> with no number. It wasn't until Vostok 2 that Gagarin's craft was called
> Vostok 1.
According to Soviet publications on the design of Vostok, there were
two test variants Vostok A and Vostok B, with Vostok V (3rd Cyrillic letter)
being the piloted variant used by Gagarin. I'm not sure how these variants
map on to the Korabl'-Sputnik series, and I'm puzzled by the reference to
Gagarin's Vostok as Vostok A3. Interesting. Chris is quite right about
the lack of number on Gagarin's Vostok. Even today the Soviets call it
Vostok rather than Vostok 1; this is standard Russian practice.
Bear in mind that US spacecraft have serial numbers as well as their
official names; e.g the Mercury program sequence was Mercury
spacecraft 7 (Shepard), 11 (Grissom), 13 (Glenn), 18 (Carpenter), 16
(Schirra) and 20 (Cooper); the A3 designation may be a similar factory
serial sequence independent of the flight name sequence.
- Jonathan McDowell
|
| 424.6 | VOSTOK crew history | VERGA::KLAES | Slaves to the Metal Hordes | Thu Aug 13 1992 18:17 | 121 |
| From: DECWRL::"[email protected]" 13-AUG-1992
16:53:43.82
To: [email protected]
CC:
Subj: VSA025: The "Vostok" crews changes
***********************************************************
* VSA025 04.08.1992 (c) Sergey A. Voevodin *
***********************************************************
"Vostok" crews history
"Vostok" program was the first page of Soviet manned space
research. There were only 6 flights and these notes try to show how the
crews for these flights were formed.
????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ?????
? 1 ? ? 2 ? ? 3 ? ? 4 ? ? 5 ? ? 6 ?
????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ?????
05.60 08.60 02.61 04.61 05.61 06.61
VOSTOK-1 VOSTOK-1 VOSTOK-1 VOSTOK-1 VOSTOK-2 VOSTOK-2
~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~
Gagarin Bykovsky Gagarin Gagarin Titov Titov
Kartashov Gagarin Nelyubov Titov Nelyubov Nikolayev
Nikolayev Nelyubov Titov Nelyubov Nikolayev Nelyubov
Popovich Nikolayev
Titov Popovich Nikolayev Nikolayev
Varlamov Titov Popovich Popovich
Bykovsky Bykovsky
1. The original six were selected for the first manned space flight.
2. Varlamov and Kartashov were retired from original six by medical
reasons ( dislocate vertebra and haemorrhages accordingly ). They
were replaced by Nelyubov and Bykovsky.
3. The first, second and third pilots for first flight were ordered.
4. Kamanin swapped Titov and Nelyubov because he did not like Nelyubov.
5. Three pilots were selected for "Vostok-2" mission.
6. Again Nelyubov was reduced by Kamanin.
????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????
? 7 ? ? 8 ? ? 9 ? ? 10 ? ? 11 ? ? 12 ?
????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????
09.61 04.62 05.62 09.62 12.62 03.63
VOSTOK-3 VOSTOK-3 VOSTOK-3 VOSTOK-5 VOSTOK-5 VOSTOK-5
~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~
Nikolayev Nikolayev Nikolayev Bykovsky Bykovsky Bykovsky
Nelyubov Bykovsky Bykovsky Volynov Komarov Volynov
Volynov Volynov Volynov Leonov Volynov Filatiyev
VOSTOK-4 VOSTOK-4 VOSTOK-4 VOSTOK-6 VOSTOK-6/7 VOSTOK-6
~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~
Popovich Popovich Popovich Kuznetsova Kuznetsova Soloviyova
Bykovsky Shonin Komarov Ponomaryova Ponomaryova Ponomaryova
Shonin Komarov Volynov Soloviyova Soloviyova Kuznetsova
Tereshkova Tereshkova
Yorkina Yorkina VOSTOK-6
~~~~~~~~
VOSTOK-7 Tereshkova
~~~~~~~~ Yorkina
Komarov Kuznetsova
Nelyubov
Shonin
7. Six men began to prepare for the first double Vostok-3/4 mission.
8. Grigory Nelyubov was retired from trainings once more.
9. Shonin was retired from flight preparations because of extra systo-
lites ( heart fatigue ) but there were no new assignments. Shonin's
place was occupied by Komarov and Volynov became single third pilot
for both missions.
10. 11 men ( 6 men for two "Vostoks" -5 & 7 and 5 women for "Vostok-6" )
were selected for triple mission.
11. Kamanin wanted two female and one male missions and the crews were reformed.
12. Komarov was removed to the first EVA "Voskhod" mission and two femal
groups were called for double female flight.
??????
? 13 ?
??????
04.63
VOSTOK-5 13. Filatiyev was retired from the cosmonaut team
~~~~~~~~ by disciplinary reasons. The programme was
Bykovsky changed again and only two ( one male and one
Volynov femal ) crews continued the preparations.
Leonov
VOSTOK-6
~~~~~~~~
Tereshkova
Soloviyova
Ponomaryova
***************************************************************************
Sergey A. Voevodin
8 Okruzhnoy proezd 11-2
156014 Kostroma
Russia
tel.(fax): +7 0942 552853
e-mail box: [email protected]
***************************************************************************
|
| 424.7 | VOSKHOD mission plans | VERGA::KLAES | I, Robot | Tue Jan 26 1993 16:24 | 252 |
| From: DECWRL::"[email protected]" "Voevodin S.A." 26-JAN-1993
16:16:27.20
To: [email protected]
Subj: VSA035: The Voskhod Chart
***********************************************************
* VSA035 25.01.1993 (c) Sergey A. Voevodin *
***********************************************************
Voskhod Chart
1 2 3 4 5
01.63 03.63 04.63 03.64 05.64
VOSTOK-5 VOSTOK-5 VOSTOK-5 VOSKHOD-1 VOSKHOD-1
~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~
Bykovsky Bykovsky Bykovsky Komarov Komarov
Volynov Volynov Volynov Volynov Volynov
Filatiyev Filatiyev Leonov Shonin Shonin
VOSTOK-6/7 VOSTOK-6 VOSTOK-7 VOSKHOD-2 Benderov
~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~ Katys
Yorkina Soloviyova Tereshkova Leonov Feoktistov
Kuznetsova Ponomaryova Soloviyova Khrunov
Ponomaryova Kuznetsova Ponomaryova Lazarev
Soloviyova Zaikin Sorokin
Tereshkova VOSTOK-7 ENTRANCE Gorbatko Yegorov
~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~
ENTRANCE Tereshkova Komarov VOSKHOD-2
~~~~~~~~ Yorkina Khrunov ~~~~~~~~~
Komarov Kuznetsova Leonov
Khrunov Belyayev Khrunov
ENTRANCE Leonov
Belyayev ~~~~~~~~ Zaikin
Leonov Komarov Zaikin Gorbatko
Khrunov Gorbatko
Zaikin
Gorbatko Belyayev VOSKHOD/AF
Leonov ~~~~~~~~~~
Volynov
Zaikin Shonin
Gorbatko
VOSKHOD/AF
~~~~~~~~~~
Anikeyev
Volynov
Nelyubov
Filatiyev
Shonin
1 - Although Vostok program was not over yet but six cosmonauts were
selected for new "Entrance" program, the main purpose for it was
the first entrance of a man into open space from a new multi-
seater space ship Voskhod.
2 - All rookie cosmonauts, who were not in deferent programs, were
gathered in one group for studiing new spaceship because military
Air authorities considered that this spaceship was very good for
military purposes.
3 - Changes in Vostok program never affected on Voskhod groups but
Kamanin stacked three men from the detachment.
4 - Korolyov understood that "Entrance" would not be ready soon and
he decided to launch another Voskhod ship with a crew of three:
a commander, a scientist-engineer and a doctor. Three commanders
were found soon, but for selecting other crewmembers was necessary
time. Belyayev was removed from trainings due to medical reasons.
5 - Three engineers were selected: Benderov from the Tupolev's KB,
Katys from the USSR Academy of Sciences and Feoktistov from Koro-
lyov's KB; three doctors also were found: Lazarev from Air Forces
and the Main Medical-Military Derectorate of Soviet Army (GVMU SA),
Sorokin from TsPK and GVMU SA and Yegorov from the USSR Medical
Ministry. Kamanin had already plans for the crews: Komarov/Benderov/
Lazarev, Volynov/Katys/Sorokin and Shonin/Feoktistov/Yegorov, but
his plans were never in real.
6 7 8 9 10
06.64 08.64 09.64 12.64 04.65
VOSKHOD-1 VOSKHOD-1 VOSKHOD-1 VOSKHOD-2 VOSKHOD-3
~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~
Komarov Komarov Komarov Belyayev Volynov
Katys Feoktistov Feoktistov Leonov Katys
Lazarev Lazarev Yegorov
Zaikin Beregovoy
Volynov Volynov Volynov Khrunov Dyomin
Feoktistov Katys Katys
Sorokin Sorokin Lazarev Gorbatko Shatalov
Kolodin Artyukhin
Yegorov Yegorov Sorokin
VOSKHOD-AF VOSKHOD-4
VOSKHOD-2 VOSKHOD-2 VOSKHOD-2 ~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~ Shonin Ponomaryova
Leonov Belyayev Belyayev Soloviyova
Khrunov Leonov Leonov
Gorbatko
Zaikin Gorbatko Zaikin Khrunov
Gorbatko Khrunov Khrunov
Zaikin
VOSKHOD-AF Zaikin VOSKHOD-AF Shonin
~~~~~~~~~~ Shonin ~~~~~~~~~~
Shonin Shonin VOSKHOD-AF
~~~~~~~~~~
Vorobiyov
Gulyayev
Dobrovolsky
Kuklin
Filipchenko
Voronov
Gulyayev
Zholobov
Kolodin
Matinchenko
6 - Benderov had too bad medical conditions and was retired, Shonin was
removed to his former place because it was not necessary to train
three commanders for the mission.
7 - Korolyov helped to worm Feoktistov into the prime crew. In Entrance
group Leonov secured to Belyayev's returning to the group because
he wanted to be the first man who would go to space.
8 - Yegorov was supported by Korolyov and his own father ( Academician )
and was included in the prime crew. Gorbatko got a heart problems
and was gone out of preparations.
9 - For the first time 1963 selection cosmonaut was added to a crew.
10 - Six crew for two new missions ( long duration and female ) were
assigned.
11 12 13 14
05.65 09.65 12.65 01.66
VOSKHOD-3 VOSKHOD-3 VOSKHOD-3 VOSKHOD-3
~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~
Volynov Volynov Volynov Volynov
Katys Katys Gorbatko Shonin
Beregovoi Beregovoi Beregovoi Beregovoi
Dyomin Dyomin Shatalov Shatalov
Shatalov Shatalov Gubarev? Gubarev?
Artyukhin Artyukhin Gulyayev? Gulyayev?
VOSKHOD-4 VOSKHOD-4 VOSKHOD-4 VOSKHOD-4
~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~
Ponomaryova Ponomaryova Ponomaryova Ponomaryova
Soloviyova Soloviyova Soloviyova Soloviyova
Gorbatko Gorbatko Yorkina Yorkina
Khrunov Khrunov Kuznetsova Kuznetsova
Zaikin Zaikin VOSKHOD-SPK VOSKHOD-SPK
Shonin Shonin ~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~
Shonin Khrunov
VOSKHOD-AF VOSKHOD-BIO Khrunov Voronov
~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~
Vorobiyov Iliyin Zaikin Gorbatko
Gubarev Kiseyov Voronov Kolodin
Dobrovolsky Senkevich
Kuklin Sorokin VOSKHOD-BIO Zaikin
Filipchenko Lazarev ~~~~~~~~~~~ Matinchenko
Lazarev?
Voronov VOSKHOD-AF Sorokin? SPIRAL
Gulyayev ~~~~~~~~~~ Iliyin? ~~~~~~
Zholobov Vorobiyov Titov
Kolodin Kuklin Dobrovolsky? Kulin
Matinchenko Filipchenko Kiselyov? Filipchenko
Gubarev Senkevich?
VOSKHOD-BIO Dobrovolsky SOYUZ-1/2
~~~~~~~~~~~ SPIRAL ~~~~~~~~~
Iliyin Gulyayev ~~~~~~ Komarov
Kiselyov Zholobov Titov Bykovsky
Senkevich Dobrovolsky Khrunov
Sorokin SOYUZ-1/2 Kuklin Voronov
Lazarev ~~~~~~~~~ Matinchenko
Bykovsky Filipchenko Nikolayev
Gagarin Gagarin
Komarov SOYUZ-1/2 Gorbatko
Nikolayev ~~~~~~~~ Kolodin
Komarov
Kolodin Bykovsky Dobrovolsky
Artyukhin Kolodin Leonov
Matinchenko Zaikin
Voronov Gagarin Matinchenko
Nikolayev
Artyukhin SOYUZ-3
~~~~~~~
Dobrovolsky Belyayev
Leonov? Dyomin
Matinchenko
Popovich
SOYUZ-3 Artyukhin
~~~~~~~
Belyayev Vorobiyov
Popovich Zholobov
Vorobiyov
Dyomin
Zholobov
Artyukhin?
11 - Group biologist and doctors were selected for a special bio-medical
mission.
12 - Four experienced cosmonauts and four military engineers began to
assimilate a principial new space ship Soyuz.
13 - The great changes were in all training groups:
Air Forces pressed that Voskhod-3 would have military photorecon-
naissance (?) purposes and Katys was bumped by Gorbatko, Beregovoi
and Shatalov were jointed.
New group for the first MMU ( SPK ) tests was formed from female
back-ups. New female crew was assigned instead.
Two bio-medical crews were formed too.
Gehrman Titov headed a new group for Air-space shuttle system testings.
Three crews were formed in Soyuz group for joint Soyuz-1/2 mission.
A new military Soyuz group was formed.
14 - Again there were many changes: more experienced Shonin bumped Gorbatko
in Voskhod-3 crew, Gorbatko returned to SPK group where crews were
transformed.
Soyuz-1/2 crews were transformed too in relation with SPK crews.
Kamanin called three crews for Soyuz-3 military mission.
% ====== Internet headers and postmarks (see DECWRL::GATEWAY.DOC) ======
% From: [email protected] (Voevodin S.A.)
% Date: Tue, 26 Jan 93 15:25:12 +0300 (MSK)
% Subject: VSA035: The Voskhod Chart
|
| 424.8 | Happy 60th Birthday, Yuri | JVERNE::KLAES | Be Here Now | Thu Mar 10 1994 13:06 | 43 |
| Article: 4314
From: [email protected] (AP)
Newsgroups: clari.tw.space,clari.local.florida,clari.news.interest.history
Subject: Yuri Gagarin Remembered
Date: Wed, 9 Mar 94 14:00:28 PST
CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. (AP) -- Space shuttle Columbia's
astronauts paid tribute Wednesday to Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin,
the world's first space traveler, on what would have been his 60th
birthday.
``To honor this occasion, the crew of Columbia salutes the
first human to fly in space and we send our greetings to all space
explorers everywhere, both in orbit and on Earth,'' shuttle commander
John Casper said.
On April 12, 1961, Gagarin became the first person in space.
American Alan Shepard followed three weeks later on May 5.
Gagarin was killed in 1968 at age 34 in a plane crash.
Casper sent special greetings to the three American astronauts
in Russia, two of whom are undergoing cosmonaut training and one of
whom will fly on Russia's Mir space station next year.
The two-week mission began Friday and is due to end March 18.
For the fourth day in a row, the astronauts built a 6-foot
tower in their cramped quarters and tested its sturdiness for space
station designers.
NASA scientist Peter Curreri, who's in charge of five of
Columbia's 11 major science experiments, said results have exceeded
expectations. Almost all 11 are being operated by researchers on
the ground, leaving the crew relegated to secondary tasks such as
engineering and medical tests.
``This is not such a visually stimulating flight as going out
and grabbing a telescope or releasing satellites,'' Columbia Pilot
Andrew Allen said in an interview. ``But it's just as important
because it provides a research laboratory for our scientists back down
on Earth as well as the scientists who come up here into space.''
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