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Conference 7.286::space

Title:Space Exploration
Notice:Shuttle launch schedules, see Note 6
Moderator:PRAGMA::GRIFFIN
Created:Mon Feb 17 1986
Last Modified:Thu Jun 05 1997
Last Successful Update:Fri Jun 06 1997
Number of topics:974
Total number of notes:18843

188.0. "Shuttle/Centaur Cancellation" by LYMPH::INGRAHAM (Programmer Bob) Tue Jun 24 1986 17:35

    Aviation Week reports that NASA decided to cancel the Shuttle/Centaur
    program, due to remaining doubts about the safety of that
    configuration. The major safety issue concerned dumping liquid Centaur
    fuels (hydrogen and oxygen) from inside the Shuttle cargo bay in
    the event of an in-flight emergency and abort during ascent.  The
    fuel inside the Centaur would have to be dumped in such an emergency
    in order to lighten the shuttle enough for it to safely land at
    an abort site.
    
    This pretty much nails the lid on current Galileo and Ulysses launches
    under the current shuttle configuration since both spacecraft (as
    well as some military payloads) were scheduled to use the liquid
    fueled Centaur upper stage to achieve a trans-Jupiter trajectory.
    
    This does NOT mean that these spacecraft cannot be flown on the
    shuttle at some future time -- a new solid-fuel booster would have
    to be developed first, however, and it is believed that this
    development effort would take 1-3 years.  Another option is to fly
    these spacecraft on expendible Titans.

    
    
    Another AW&ST story reports that use of the Vandenberg launch site
    will probably be delayed.  It speculated that Vandenberg may be
    put into caretaker status or mothballed for the next 5 years, or
    even that Vandenberg may never be used now for a shuttle launch.
    Shuttle-launched recon satellites can be placed into highly-eliptical
    orbits, thus covering much of Russia.  If a truely polar orbit is
    needed, the satellite may still be launched from Vandenberg via
    a Titan launch vehicle.
    
    One of the primary safety issues of launching the shuttle from
    Vandenberg is the location of flame ducts under the launch pad.
    These ducts are formed to direct the vehicle's exhaust away from
    the vehicle.  However, in certain situations (e.g. a main engine
    shutdown on the pad which has happened to 2 shuttles already) it
    is possible for hydrogen gas to collect in these baffles.  A subsequent
    spark could trigger an explosion, possibly causing damage to or
    the loss of the vehicle.

    
    
    
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188.1VandenbergPRAGMA::GRIFFINDave GriffinTue Jun 24 1986 19:3820
    The Vandenberg site was built using typical military quality assurance
    - nearly none.

    The shuttle launch site was "inherited".  Some of the problems with
    the ducts we see now are not design flaws - they were there for
    some other vehicle and adapted (apparently unsuccessfully) for the
    shuttle.
    
    The site is almost always shrouded in fog/clouds.  Originally thought
    to be a benefit (no prying eyes from above), it is now considered
    a flight/launch hazard (emergencies and ice buildup).
    
    The blockhouse is VERY VERY close to the pad.  Once again the
    inherited site was not designed for a vehicle the size of the
    shuttle.
        
    The workmanship was considered flawed in a number of areas.
    

    - dave
188.2ClarificationLYMPH::INGRAHAMProgrammer BobWed Jun 25 1986 10:1614
    Oops - when I stated that satellites could be placed in highly
    elliptical orbits, I was pointing out a capability from Kennedy,
    not from Vandenberg.  The implication is that recon satellites can
    be placed in an orbit from KSC which will cover MOST of the Soviet
    Union, reducing the need for truely polar orbits for which Vandenberg
    launches are necessary.  If a polar orbit is really needed, the
    spook can be launched via Titan from Vandenberg.
    
    As a comment, the Vandenberg and Shuttle/Centaur projects always
    seemed needlessly risky to me and I for one am relieved that these
    two have been canceled.  Unfortunately we probably could have built
    one or two new orbiters for the money we've already spent on both
    these projects.
    
188.3IUSCYGNUS::ALLEGREZZAGeorge Allegrezza, ISWS Writing ServicesWed Jun 25 1986 10:2712
How many remember the genesis of the Shuttle Centaur program?  It was a 
kludge to provide a geosynchronous orbit or escape capability after the 
three-stage IUS was canceled.  It seemed like a bad idea at the time; 
but, like so many other things, it promised to save some money.  I wonder
what will be the next portion of our once-formidable spaceflight capability
to crumble? 

If a poll was taken of NASA and Air Force people today, and the question 
was, "Should we have taken the Saturn V out of production," I wonder what 
the results would be.

And the Soviet juggernaut rolls on and on and on . . .
188.4SARAH::TODDWed Jun 25 1986 12:032
    Glad SOMEONE's still rolling...		- Bill
    
188.5Some history of SLC-6MONSTR::HUGHESGary HughesWed Jun 25 1986 14:1816
    FWIW, SLC-6 at Vandenburg was originally built for the MOL (Manned
    Orbiting Laboratory) program and was to have launched the Titan-IIIM.
    The Titan propellants do not present the explosion hazard in the
    event of shutdown that LH2/LOX does so the current problems do not
    seem suprising (with 20/20 hindsight). Unfortunately, adapting
    exisiting facilities (SLC-6, Centaur) is often more palatable to
    the people who control the dollars that starting afresh, even though
    the hacking required usually ends up costing more.
    
    If Martin go ahead with the Titan 34D7, it has the lifting capability
    to launch the payloads planned for Shuttle/Centaur although I suspect
    it would require new payload fairings on the Centaur.
    
    Maybe the US could buy a Proton launch from the Soviets :-)
    
    gary
188.6It just gets worse and worseCYGNUS::ALLEGREZZAGeorge Allegrezza, ISWS Writing ServicesMon Jul 07 1986 15:2313
    It seems that the Galileo mission could be in jeopardy no matter
    what launch vehicle is used.  Aviation Week says that with the planned
    six-year delay in the program (three and a half to develop/integrate
    a new launch vehicle and two and a half for a lower-energy trajectory)
    the radioisotope thermoelectric generator (RTG) on board may not
    have enough power to complete the mission.  No need to worry, however,
    the bureaucrats have thought of everything:  the DOE's Savannah
    River Plant no longer has the capability to produce RTG fuel and
    it would take "years" to restore that production base.
    
    Maybe we could develop a launch vehicle that could fire all the
    bean counters into solar orbit.  Any volunteers for that program?
    (Idea courtesy VNS).
188.7Isn't it U* and not G*?SKYLAB::FISHERBurns Fisher 381-1466, ZKO1-1/D42Tue Jul 08 1986 10:405
    re .6:  Wasn't that the European Solar Polar mission that might
    have RTG trouble, and not Galileo?  (I would have called it by
    its correct name, but I don't know how to spell it!)
    
    Burns
188.8Reading system failureCYGNUS::ALLEGREZZAGeorge Allegrezza, ISWS Writing ServicesTue Jul 08 1986 10:441
    Absolutely.  My apologies.
188.9We have enough junk for one solar systemALIEN::MCCARTHYTue Jul 08 1986 19:465
    re: .6
    
    Solar orbit is to good for 'em. Why clutter up the place?

    						-Brian