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Conference turris::scandia

Title:All about Scandinavia
Moderator:TLE::SAVAGE
Created:Wed Dec 11 1985
Last Modified:Tue Jun 03 1997
Last Successful Update:Fri Jun 06 1997
Number of topics:603
Total number of notes:4325

65.0. "Sweden after Palme" by TLE::SAVAGE (Neil, @Spit Brook) Mon Mar 10 1986 11:16

Associated Press Sat 08-MAR-1986 13:28                        Sweden-Violence

       Doubts and Fears in a Sweden Which Hoped for Better Things
                  
                An AP Exta by STEPHEN H. MILLER
                    Associated Press Writer
    
    STOCKHOLM, Sweden (AP) - A single bullet from a revolver has
    shaken one of the world's most carefully crafted societies,
    bringing violence, doubts and fear to a Sweden that had hoped to be
    a kinder place than other nations.
    
    The copper-jacketed .357-caliber Magnum bullet fatally wounded
    59-year-old Prime Minister Olof Palme on Feb. 28 as he walked home
    from a movie with his wife Lisbet, 55, on a downtown Stockholm
    street without bodyguards.
    
    "Sweden will never be the same again," said Ulf Adelsohn, the
    leader of the opposition Conservative Party. "The meaningless
    violence will forever cast its shadow over our political life."
    
    Palme died in a modern society with problems little-known to the
    rest of the world, which viewed Sweden as a nation of with high
    taxes, Volvos and a cradle-to-grave welfare society.
    
    Palme's death was the first major assassination in nearly two
    centuries in a relatively remote, peaceable country of 8.1 million
    people that stretched from the Baltic Sea to well above the Arctic
    Circle.
    
    Once one of Europe's most aggressive warrior nations, Sweden has
    not fought a war since joining an alliance against Napoleon in 1813.
    
    It escaped World War I and maintained an awkward neutrality in
    World War II, sheltering Jews from neighboring Denmark but granting
    passage to Nazi troops headed for battle against the Soviet Union.
    
    Power-hungry King Gustav III, shot at a masked ball in 1792, was
    the last Swedish leader to be assassinated until Olof Palme fell
    dying on a Stockholm sidewalk.
    
    The shooting of Palme left Swedes reflecting on the problems
    everyone knew existed in what Palme called "the freest, most
    humane and secure society that has ever existed."
    
    Swedes appear to live well in a country of striking beauty and
    sleek, solidly built products, a country where poverty has been
    virtually eliminated. The average industrial worker makes the
    equivalent of $11,600 a year.
    
    Well-supplied with sailboats, Volvos and some of the flashiest
    nightspots in Scandinavia, Swedes also live in a welfare society
    laboriously expanded over the years by the Palme's Social
    Democratic Party.
    
    It features sick leave, one year of parental leave from work for
    the mother or father of a new baby, free medical care, and
    retirement pensions more generous than expensive private plans in
    many countries, all subsidized by the government.
    
    Some studies indicate Swedes save virtually nothing for
    retirement, assuming they will be protected and supported by
    programs they paid into during their working years.
    
    Parents are entitled to at least 60 government-paid days at home
    a year to care for ailing children. Daycare centers are common, and
    parents placing their child in one are entitled to days off to help
    the child adjust.
    
    The wide array of social benefits is financed by staggering
    taxes, which now lie at the heart of Sweden's most basic domestic
    political battles.
    
    A married Swede without children earning the equivalent of
    $14,000 is already in an income tax bracket higher than 35 percent
    and pays more than 20 percent tax on virtually every manufactured
    product.
    
    Swedish taxes are so formidable that one Stockholm newspaper
    felt it worth reporting that the reward worth $70,000 for
    information leading to the apprehension of Palme's killer was
    tax-free.
    
    In the national election only a few months before his death,
    Palme's opponents depicted him as a "champion tax raiser" heading
    a Social Democratic Party devoted to "Big Brother politics" that
    were chipping away at Swedish freedoms as the welfare state
    expanded.
    
    Palme, in turn, charged the Moderates and their supporters with
    planning to dismantle the welfare state and reduce financial
    support for millions of Swedes. The Social Democrats won, 
    re-electing Palme.
    
    Palme's leftward politics made him a controversial figure
    worldwide. At home, he was revered by supporters and sometimes
    bitterly opposed by critics who saw him as combative and arrogant.
    
    Swedes understood Adelsohn this previous week when he described
    Ingvar Carlsson, Palme's successor, as a man "I trust without
    reservation. And he doesn't seek conflict."
    
    Searching for a motive for Palme's killer, Swedes found
    themselves confronting several possibilities.
    
    West German terrorists were thought to hold a grudge against
    Palme because his government extradited one of their wounded
    comrades after a 1975 West German Embassy occupation in Stockholm.
    
    The wounded terrorist later died, and terrorists blamed Palme's
    government.
    
    Social Democrats had kept Sweden's door open to political
    refugees from around the world, just as it sheltered Danish Jews in
    the 1940s and American military deserters during the Vietnam War.
    
    In recent years, however, some refugees brought their disputes with
    them.
    
    One Kurdish organization had threatened Palme because his
    government treated it as a terrorist group.
    
    Yugoslavia's ambassador to Sweden was killed in 1971 by exiled
    activists from Croatia, a Yugoslavian republic. Other Croats
    carried out Sweden's only airliner hijacking about 18 months later.
    Sweden harbors about 40,000 Yugoslavian immigrants.
    
    Sweden's relatively small gangs of neo-Nazi gangs objected to
    dark-skinned immigrants. A neo-Nazi group in the western port city
    of G�teborg put Palme at the head of a death list in 1985.
    
    Both Swedes and immigrants found themselves worrying that
    discovery of a foreign assassin could cause ugly problems for a
    once tolerant but changing society, where one can now see "nigger
    go home" scrawled on Stockholm buildings.
    
    "I have just one hope now," Yugoslav immigrant Petar Mavic
    told a reporter. "That they find the killer, that he is Swedish
    and that he is a neo-Nazi."
    
    The Rev. Berith �rhernberg, speaking to weeping parishoners in
    Stockholm's Great Church cathedral the day after the murder, said
    Swedes thought such things as Palme's killing happen "in the
    U.S.A., in Beirut, but not here in our country."
    
    "Into your (God's) hands we commend Olof Palme, his life and
    his work," she said, reading a prayer circulated throughout the
    nation by Sweden's tax-supported Lutheran church. "Let us not
    mourn as if we had no hope."
T.RTitleUserPersonal
Name
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65.1Tax supported churchesRAJA::MINOWMartin Minow, DECtalk EngineeringFri Mar 14 1986 16:148
There is a slight unclarity in .0 that deserves fuller explanation.
Although the state church is "tax supported", the tax is applied only
to members of the church.  It is not accessed to persons who have
left the church -- except for a pittance that supports the civil
registry.

Martin.

65.2Conservative Party leader resignsTLE::SAVAGENeil, @Spit BrookThu Jun 05 1986 12:4234
Associated Press Wed 04-JUN-1986 20:03                        Sweden-Politics

                         Conservative Leader Resigns
    
    STOCKHOLM, Sweden (AP) - Ulf Adelsohn on Wednesday announced his
    resignation as leader of the Conservative Party after five years in the
    position and last year's failed election efforts to bring his party to
    power. 
    
    The former Stockholm financial commissioner told a news conference he
    was "better as an executive than as an opinionmaker" and had found that
    work in the political opposition produces "few concrete results." 
    
    Adelsohn led his party's failed attempt in last September's elections
    to unseat Social Democratic Prime Minister Olof Palme, who was
    assassinated Feb. 28 in Stockholm. The conservatives hold 76 seats in
    the 349-seat Parliament. 
    
    Adelsohn told reporters he had planned to stay at the head of his party
    for only a limited time when he took office five years ago. He said,
    "This is a good point in time" to move on, citing the death of his main
    political adversary, Palme, and the resignation last December of
    Thorbjoern Faelldin as leader of the Center Party, another
    non-socialist faction in Parliament. 
    
    Rejecting criticism of his leadership qualities, Adelsohn noted that
    under his term as chairman the Conservative Party had scored its two
    best election results since World War II. 
    
    Adelsohn has been both admired and criticized for his flamboyant ways.
    For example, critics doubted his political judgment when he appeared
    dancing in a grass skirt during a visit to the Philippines. He will
    stay on as party leader until an extraordinary party assembly in late
    summer. He declined to mention any possible successor. 
65.3Another incidentTLE::SAVAGENeil, @Spit BrookThu Jun 19 1986 09:5462
Associated Press Thu 19-JUN-1986 03:12                        Newell-Shooting

         No New Leads In Case, Report Ambassador's Security Tightened
    
    STOCKHOLM, Sweden (AP) - The two men spotted with raised rifles near an
    outdoor cocktail party attended by the U.S. and Mexican ambassadors
    were at large today, and police said they had no new clues about who or
    where they were. 
    
    The pair was discovered Tuesday night by a Swedish policeman assigned
    to guard U.S. Ambassador Gregory J. Newell. The guard fired three shots
    at the men when they pointed their weapons at him, but the prowlers
    fled into a forest without returning fire. "No new leads have turned up
    during the night," duty officer Ingvar Ekelund of the Nacka suburb
    police told The Associated Press today. 
    
    Ekelund said three men had been detained for questioning Wednesday
    after tips from the public. He said two were released while one was
    booked for a theft unrelated to the case. None of the three were
    suspected of any involvement in the incident, he said. 
    
    Newell and Mexican ambassador Andres Rozental were attending a dinner
    party at the mansion of Swedish industrialist Bo Ax:son Johnson in
    Varmdo, a secluded area of villas, summer houses and woods by the water
    in Nacka just east of Stockholm. Investigators have speculated the
    intruders may have been planning an attack on either of the diplomats. 
    
    The U.S. Embassy in Stockholm would not comment on any element of the
    incident and referred all questions to police. In Washington, State
    Department spokesman Bernard Kalb said security at the American Embassy
    was stepped up after the incident. Police continued to guard the
    mansion and patrol the area today, Ekelund said. 
    
    Attacks on public figures are extremely rare in Sweden, but on Feb. 28,
    an unidentified assailant gunned down Prime Minister Olof Palme, 59, on
    a Stockholm street. The assassin has not been found. Swedish television
    Wednesday night said Stockholm-based diplomats had felt uneasy about
    their security since the Palme slaying. 
    
    Superintendent Curt Holm, head of the Stockholm police bodyguard squad,
    was quoted by the Stockholm newspaper Dagens Nyheter as saying that "we
    are not so trigger-happy here that we open fire without reason." "If a
    person takes aim with a rifle against a policemen, the officer shoots
    to put the person out of action," Holm was quoted as saying. 
    
    Newell, 36, became ambassador to Sweden in December. He worked for
    President Reagan's re-election campaign in 1984 and was one of several
    assistant secretaries of state in the Reagan administration. 
    
    The ambassador ordered a review of security measures for American
    personnel and facilities in Sweden after the April 7 bombing of the
    Stockholm office of Northwest Orient, a U.S. airline. The attack caused
    minor damage but no injuries. No group claimed responsibility. Police
    said at the time the bombing might have been linked to a Palestinian
    terrorist group led by Sabry al-Banna, who is known by the codename Abu
    Nidal. 
    
    Johnson, 68, is a member of one of Sweden's richest families and heads
    Nordstjernan, a diversified company with interests in shipping,
    construction, steel and retail sales. Kaj Lindgren, a company
    spokesman, said he believed the dinner party continued after the shots
    were fired. 
65.4Newell, updateTLE::SAVAGENeil, @Spit BrookFri Jun 20 1986 11:3351
Associated Press Thu 19-JUN-1986 14:39                        Newell-Shooting

         U.S. Ambassador Celebrates Midsummer Feast Under Heavy Guard
    
                              By DICK SODERLUND
                           Associated Press Writer
    
    STOCKHOLM, Sweden (AP) - Police said Thursday they were skeptical of an
    anonymous caller's claim that two men who raised rifles near an outdoor
    cocktail party attended by the U.S. and Mexican ambassadors belonged to
    a West German terrorist group. The two men were discovered Tuesday
    night by a Swedish policeman assigned to guard U.S. Ambassador Gregory
    J. Newell. The guard fired three shots at the men, who fled into a
    forest without returning fire. Police said the two remained at large. 
    
    "No new leads have turned up," said Ingvar Ekelund, duty officer at the
    Nacka suburb police. 
    
    Newell, 36, was under heavy security guard Thursday in central Sweden,
    where he was celebrating the Swedish Midsummer Festival with his
    family. The police gave no details about the security arrangements but
    a spokesman said, "We are not leaving anything to chance." 
    
    An international news agency in London said it received an anonymous
    telephone call Wednesday night claiming the intruders were members of
    West Germany's leftist Baader-Meinhof urban guerrillas. The same office
    received an anonymous call after the Feb. 28 slaying of Swedish Prime
    Minister Olof Palme claiming his assassin also was a Baader-Meinhof
    activist. 
    
    Palme's assailant has not been found, but investigators said they did
    not believe the Baader-Meinhof gang was responsible for killing Palme.
    Police were also skeptical about linking the group to this week's
    incident. 
    
    "There is nothing so far in our investigation to support the terrorist
    theory, though we are not excluding it," said Rune Rytters, a police
    superintendent who heads the local investigation. "We have received
    several interesting tips we are following up and also made some finds
    when scouring the ground outside the house where the incident occurred,
    but it is too early to say yet if they are connected with the
    intruders," Rytters said. 
    
    Esbjorn Esbjornson, head of the Interpol bureau of the Swedish National
    Police Board, also said he was skeptical of the anonymous caller's
    claim. He also said police knew of no direct threats against Newell. 
    
    The Baader-Meinhof gang, founded in 1968, grew out of radical student
    circles and opposed U.S. business and military interests in Europe. Its
    name came from two of its founding members, Andreas Baader and Ulrike
    Meinhof, who later committed suicide in prison. 
65.5Great Courage ZEPPO::BANCROFTWed Jul 02 1986 14:113
    If Swedish police are armed with pistols, the gentleman who fired
    the three rounds at two men with rifles showed courage.  A 9mm pistol
    against - say - a 7.62 AK47 at 100 metres, is virtual suicide.
65.6Vandalism of Palme's graveTLE::SAVAGENeil, @Spit BrookMon Oct 13 1986 10:2226
Associated Press Fri 10-OCT-1986 20:31                     Sweden-Palme Grave

                     Palme's Grave Desecrated by Vandals
    
    STOCKHOLM, Sweden (AP) - Unknown vandals desecrated the grave of slain
    Prime Minister Olof Palme, slashing ropes, uprooting flowers and
    smashing vases, police said Friday. The vandalism in the churchyard of
    Adolf Fredrik Church in downtown Stockholm was discovered early Friday,
    but could have happened at any time after 5 p.m. Thursday, acting
    district commander Lennart Nilsson said. 
    
    The ropes surrounding the burial site were cut. Wreaths, flowers and
    vases on the grave were crushed and scattered across the churchyard. A
    rose and other flowers planted on the grave were dug up and destroyed.
    Nilsson said police did not have any clues to the identity or number of
    people involved. By Friday afternoon, the gravesite had been restored. 
    
    No one has been charged with Palme's Feb. 28 assassination, and no
    suspects are in custody. Police recently have declined to discuss the
    case. 
    
    The grave, only 100 yards from the spot where Palme was shot as he
    walked along the street with his wife, was guarded around the clock by
    police from the March 14 funeral until August. "Then it seemed so quiet
    that we withdrew them. But from tonight there will be new guards,"
    Nilsson said. 
65.7One year afterwardTLE::SAVAGENeil, @Spit BrookMon Mar 02 1987 10:0666
Associated Press Sat 28-FEB-1987 11:11                           Sweden-Palme

      Swedes Mark First Anniversary of Palme's Slaying with Roses, March
    
                                By LARS FOYEN
                           Associated Press Writer
    
    STOCKHOLM, Sweden (AP) - Swedes stood in line in 14-degree weather to
    lay red roses at the site where Prime Minister Olof Palme was shot from
    behind one year ago Saturday in an unsolved assassination. 
    
    Hundreds of Swedes grieved openly on Sveavagen, the main Stockholm
    thoroughfare where Palme was killed while strolling home unguarded with
    his wife, Lisbet, after a late movie. "It's so sad. I still can't
    believe it's true," said Sven Andersson, a 63-year-old Stockholm man
    who placed a rose among hundreds in a vase flanked by the red and
    yellow flags of Palme's Social Democratic Party. 
    
    Palme, 59, was a four-term prime minister, an international champion of
    disarmament and Third World causes and leader of the party for 17
    years. The ceremonies marking the first anniversary of his death were
    low-key. No foreign dignitaries were invited and no extraordinary
    security precautions were in evidence. Observances included an evening
    torchlight march passing the murder site, a memorial concert and a
    church service. 
    
    The theme of the memorial program was "For Peace Against Violence and
    Racism." The Stockholm ceremonies were the largest of more than 100
    held across Sweden. The Social Democrats said they were marking the
    anniversary by "pursuing Palme's legacy" rather than "looking back with
    pain." "We want the gatherings to stress his efforts for peace and
    disarmament, for a free and open society, and his struggle against
    violence," said party secretary Bo Toresson. 
    
    At Adolf Fredrik churchyard, two blocks up Sveavagen from the murder
    site, party officials placed a wreath on Palme's grave in a silent noon
    ceremony. 
    
    "On this tragic anniversary there is reason for America to remember a
    man who was leader of both a nation and a cause," Sen. Edward Kennedy
    said in a letter published in the Stockholm daily Aftonbladet. Two of
    the Massachusetts Democrat's brothers, President John F. Kennedy and
    Sen. Robert Kennedy, were killed by assassins' bullets. 
    
    Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi of India, whose mother, Prime Minister
    Indira Gandhi, was assassinated in 1984, called Palme a man who "worked
    for a world in peace," in another letter in Aftonbladet. 
    
    Police "have no clue today as to who the murderer is," said Stockholm
    Police Superintendent Inge Reneborg, who leads detectives on the case.
    The killer vanished into the night before dozens of witnesses. Open
    feuding between police and prosecutors culminated on Feb. 5 with the
    removal of Stockholm Police Commissioner Hans Holmer, who had led the
    investigation. 
    
    Swedish newspapers have speculated that the murder was the act of a
    lunatic, a renegade policeman or a group of Kurdish immigrants. "It is
    bad enough, the murder still remaining unsolved. All of us are
    tormented by this," said Foreign Minister Sten Andersson. "And the
    uneasiness is aggravated by the previous setbacks and conflicts in the
    police investigation, by all manner of conjecture, gossip and calumny." 
    
    Andersson also conveyed a message from Palme's widow, who did not take
    part in any of the official arrangements. "I know that many people's
    thoughts are with me today, and I am sustained by their kind concern,"
    she said. 
65.8The disadvantaged have a champion in Bengt LindqvistTLE::SAVAGENeil, @Spit BrookTue Sep 08 1987 11:3045
    The following is taken from a write-up in the August 31, 1987 issue of
    the Christian Science Monitor by staff writer William Echiksom. 
                           
    Bengt Lindqvist is leading the difficult fight to maintain, and even
    extend, Sweden's social benefits. His commitment is heightened because
    he is blind. 

    "Obviously my own disability has influenced my attitude on the subject
    of justice," the 51-year old minister in charge of health and social
    affairs said in an interview. "We have a tradition of taking care of
    all our citizens, and I see no reason take a step back." 

    Until his appointment in 1985, his Social Democratic Party felt
    defensive about its welfare-state policies. Polls showed many Swedes
    wanted a less all-persuasive and more sensitive government, and
    Lindqvist helped the Social Democrats appear more sensitive. 

    "He was an important symbol," argues Olof Dahlberg, a journalist at the
    Stockholm daily, Dagens Nyheter. "His mere presence gave the
    handicapped and the disadvantaged a big boost, and his personality
    helped calm the welfare debate." 

    While his former boss, slain Social Democratic prime minister Olof
    Palme, was viewed by some as harsh and divisive, Lindqvist is seen by
    most observers as calm and reassuring, with a warm, attractive
    personality. 

    "Lindqvist's appointment was a brilliant move by Palme," says Mats
    Svegfors, an editor at Svenska Dagbladet, another Stockholm daily.
    "Unlike the past generation of Social Democratic leaders, he is
    flexible and give a caring image." 

    Social programs for the handicapped helped him realize his full
    potential, Lindqvist said during the Monitor interview, and he wanted
    other handicapped Swedes to have the same opportunity. 

    To achieve these goals, Lindqvist said that high taxes and high
    government spending are a necessity. But he does not fear a popular tax
    revolt or conservative revolution in Sweden. He said Swedes share a
    common desire to help each other. 

    "People here are willing to pay high taxes because everyone benefits
    from the system," Lindqvist concluded. "We have developed a spirit of
    cooperation in this country that creates an atmosphere where we try to
    solve things together."