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Conference turris::languages

Title:	Languages
Notice:	Speaking In Tongues
Moderator:	TLE::TOKLAS::FELDMAN

Created:	Sat Jan 25 1986
Last Modified:	Wed May 21 1997
Last Successful Update:	Fri Jun 06 1997
Number of topics:	394
Total number of notes:	2683

303.0. "Oberon for MS-DOS !?!?" by DNEAST::PFISTER_ROB (Because the breeze feels nice on my labotomy hole..) Mon Mar 11 1991 13:24

    I found a source for an MS-DOS oberon compiler, but no way to get
    my hands on it...

    Has anyone got a hold of this compiler yet?

    Robb

From:	DECSRC::"[email protected]"  9-MAR-1991 09:09:41.16
To:	comp.lang.modula3-forward
CC:	 
Subj:	Oberon for MSDOS Available

I am making available an Oberon compiler and associated tools for the MSDOS
(Intel 80x86) environment.  For a short time, this will be provided free to
anyone who asks for it via network mail.

Oberon, if you don't already know, is the 2nd generation programming language
past Pascal (and is the next step past Modula-2).  It cleans up most of the
difficulties of Modula, while giving a clean, simple way to do just about
anything in a type-safe way.  The definition comes from Niklaus Wirth, at ETH
in Zurich (who of course defined its predecessors).

My MSDOS compiler has been in use for 18 months, and has seen no bugs for
over a year.  It contains the language revisions made by Professor Wirth.
Note that this compiler (and its associated library modules) are exclusively
for MSDOS; standard object files are generated and theoretically may be
linked with other non-Oberon files. 

Programs written using this package are source compatible with the so-called
Oberon System used at ETH Zurich.  

If you would like the package of compiler, library routines, and some
utilities, plus documentation files, contact me:

       E. R. Videki
       erv @ k2.everest.tandem.com
       internet: 130.252.59.153

Distribution is in the form of a single binary file which un-Zips itself into
the package when executed under MSDOS (PKZIP format).

Our system's rules do not permit someone from outside reaching in to grab the
file, so you must provide for me FTP information for me to give it to you
(userid, password, directory, and PLEASE make the directory writeable by the
userid!) .

The file must be moved to a MSDOS machine in BINARY (!!!)  and executed in
the subdirectory where you want the unzipped files.

-- ERV  6 Mar 91
-- 
Send compilers articles to [email protected] or
{ima | spdcc | world}!iecc!compilers.  Meta-mail to compilers-request.

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T.R	Title	User	Personal Name	Date	Lines
303.1	I sent for it...	LENO::GRIER	mjg's holistic computing agency	`Mon Mar 11 1991 13:46`	9
	I sent mail to the address asking if they could uuencode it and mail it to me, since I don't have direct internet access so that they could ftp it to us. If someone volunteers a ftp site and can get it onto the EASYnet, please post something here. If/when they uuencode it and send it to me, I'll make it available. -mjg
303.2	More Sources!	FMCSSE::HEINTZE		`Fri Mar 29 1991 00:02`	135
	Would someone please send me mail if they aquire Oberonm from one of these (actually any) source? Since it is available from SIMTEL I think I'll request that Bernie fetch it for us and put it on CSCMAS::sYS$MSDOS. Article 1588 Path: shlump.nac.dec.com!news.crl.dec.com!deccrl!bloom-beacon!snorkelwacker.mit.edu!apple!usc!wuarchive!emory!att!news.cs.indiana.edu!know!cs.utexas.edu!evax!herring From: [email protected] (Erick Herring) Newsgroups: alt.sources.d Subject: Re: Oberon-M MSDOS (1/5) + How to get Message-ID: <[email protected]> Date: 23 Mar 91 16:00:15 GMT References: <[email protected]> <[email protected]> <[email protected]> Followup-To: comp.binaries.ibm.pc Organization: Computer Science Engineering Univ. of Texas at Arlington Lines: 117 In article <[email protected]> [email protected] (Bill Venables) writes: >In article <[email protected]> >[email protected] (Doug McDonald) writes: > >> >> Ummmm ..... This has been discussed over and over and over ad nauseum..... >> FLAME ON!!!!!!!!!!!! >> >Oberon-M MSDOS (1/5) >> WHAT IS IT????? There is no statement of what it is!!!! > >... and it was a platform-specific binary posted to a sources group ... and >your flame, Doug, was a discussion posted to a sources group. I suppose >someone else will find something to gripe about in this posting, too... > >Sigh. No, Bill, you are absolutely right. Nothing to gripe about in your posting. But these other guys that are flaming Mr. Videki are way out of line. He posted the thing here because he was asked to. If the individual you cited _read_ alt.sources.d or alt.sources, then he would have seen (and probably flamed) the discussion of this compiler. Mr. Videki, who I don't know from the Easter Bunny, has gone to a great deal of trouble to make his implementation of the Oberon-M compiler available. It is a compiler for the Oberon language as defined by Professor Wirth. The target platform of Mr. Videki's compiler is the IBM PCompatible running MS-DOS. I am normally on the side of "label your postings or be shot out of hand", but this particular posting was talked about for days before it was posted. And he posted a readme as part 0 of 5. In the readme, Mr. Videki said that he will be posting a non-self-extracting version as well. So prepare your 'F' keys - you know, the one that means Flame... If anybody wants the compiler now that they know what it is (the successor to Modula-2 BTW) the info is below. How to get the Oberon-M compiler for MS-DOS: From: [email protected] (E. Videki) Subject: Oberon-M MSDOS: How to get it Date: 22 Mar 91 17:33:02 GMT How to get the Oberon-M package for the MSDOS environment. Some (but not all) of the network problems have been cleared up, so here is where you can obtain my Oberon-M package for MSDOS at your own fetching: 1) SIMTEL20 machine name: WSMR-SIMTEL20.ARMY.MIL Internet address: 26.2.0.74, 192.88.110.20 subdirectory: pd1:<msdos.pgmutl> file names: OBERONM.ZIP fetch how: anonymous FTP unpack how: PKZIP under MSDOS 2) UCSD machine name: ucsd, ucsd.edu, pop.ucsd.edu Internet address: 128.54.16.1 subdirectory: ~ftp/pub file names: oberonm.exe, oberonm.info fetch how: anonymous FTP unpack how: For oberonm.exe: binary transfer to MSDOS, then execute (self unzipping files) For oberonm.info: ascii transfer for human reading 3) ETH Zurich (may not be permanent) machine name: neptune.inf.ethz.ch Internet address: 129.132.101.33 subdirectory: Oberon/80186 file names: oberonm.exe, oberonm.info fetch how: anonymous FTP unpack how: For oberonm.exe: binary transfer to MSDOS, then execute (self unzipping files) For oberonm.info: ascii transfer for human reading * Note: ETH has not tested this package extensively and does not claim or disclaim its validity relative to the ETH Oberon System. Keeping the files here is only being done as a courtesy to European users who want to fetch it from a closer location. It may become permanent in the future. 4) comp.binaries.ibm.pc machine name: Usenet newsgroup Internet address: N/A file formats: 5 uuencoded "mail" messages fetch how: capture the messages unpack how: Instructions are at the head of the first message. * Note: at the time of this posting, comp.binaries.ibm.pc does not yet have the files publicly available, but is expected to relatively soon. 5) alt.sources (same as in comp.binaries.ibm.pc , but available here also by request from some users) --E. Videki 21 Mar 91 erv @ k2.everest.tandem.com -- Erick Herring [email protected]
303.3	Check article 3309 in newsgroup alt.sources	FMCSSE::HEINTZE		`Fri Mar 29 1991 01:05`	65
	Article 3309 Path: shlump.nac.dec.com!news.crl.dec.com!deccrl!bloom-beacon!snorkelwacker.mit.edu!usc!zaphod.mps.ohio-state.edu!pacific.mps.ohio-state.edu!linac!att!pacbell.com!tandem!everest!erv From: [email protected] (E. Videki) Newsgroups: alt.sources Subject: Oberon-M MSDOS (1/5) Message-ID: <[email protected]> Date: 22 Mar 91 17:23:10 GMT Sender: [email protected] Reply-To: [email protected] (E. Videki) Organization: () Lines: 760 Nntp-Posting-Host: everest.everest.tandem.com Oberon-M(tm) distribution files There are 5 data images which make up the Oberon-M(tm) binary image. This image, once reconstructed, must be downloaded (in binary) to an MSDOS environment as the file name "oberonm.exe". That file, when executed, will un-Zip itself into the working Oberon-M system. Contained within this image are: Oberon-M compiler, library modules, sample programs, and documentation in PostScript(tm) format to be downloaded to a PostScript-handling printer. Please read the README file for important information. IMPORTANT NOTE: the mail messages with "obmexe1" through "obmexe5" above the text are for self-extracting ZIP files (ie: just run the program under MSDOS and it will unzip/decompress itself). the mail messages with "obmzip1" through "obmzip5" above the text are ZIP data files which require a utility such as PKZIP to unzip/decompress them. To reconstruct the binary image from these mail-format messages, you must: 1) Edit out the data part of the messages, leaving only the data between the "cut below this line" and "cut above this line" in the files. 2) Combine the files (in the correct 1-5 order) using a utility such as the Unix "cat" command. 3) Use "uudecode" on the (combined) file to create the binary image which may be then downloaded to an MSDOS machine environment. 4) On the MSDOS machine, execute the file. It should at this point have the name of "oberonm.exe". The entire Oberon-M system will un-Zip itself. HOWEVER: if you downloaded the ZIP data files instead of the self-extracting executable file, you must use PKZIP or some other similar utility to uncompress the files. erv @ k2.everest.tandem.com (IP 130.252.59.153) *** obmexe1 (self-extracting format)
303.4	Yet more sources oberon (these are even better)!	GRANE::HEINTZE		`Fri Mar 29 1991 12:35`	22
	From: MR4DEC::EIBEN "29-Mar-1991 0837" 29-MAR-1991 06:34:55.41 To: FMCSSE::HEINTZE CC: Subj: RE: Request for OBERONM on SIMTEL They're on ryn:/pub/news/articles/alt/sources files 3134,5,6,7,41 - 42,50,60 have discussions I have no time to play with it - but that stuff is world accessible. rgds, bernie. From: MR4DEC::EIBEN "29-Mar-1991 0936" 29-MAR-1991 07:36:38.07 To: FMCSSE::HEINTZE CC: Subj: RE: Bernie, ignore that last message, The self-extracting ZIP is in winnah:/usr/users/ftp/public/bin/dos/oberonm.exe rgds, bernie.
303.6	The Programming Language Oberon (1-Sept-1990)	CRATE::WATSON	As simple as possible, not simpler	`Wed Apr 24 1991 10:44`	7223
	Below the formfeed is the PostScript for the defintion of ``The Programming Language Oberon'' Revision 1.Sept.90 By N. Wirth. This was take from the Oberonm.exe file and converted to Postscript (The original lacked %%headers and all that stuff so our LPS20 junked it.) Rik PS Although its 7000 odd lines don't worry there's only one word per line. The report is only 19 pages ! %!PS-Adobe-2.0 %%Creator: VAX DOCUMENT V1.1 %%+Copyright (c) 1986,1987,1988 DIGITAL EQUIPMENT CORPORATION. %%+All Rights Reserved. %%DocumentFonts: (atend) %%Pages: (atend) %%EndComments %! % header file for module Printer % J. Templ 27.4.90, 13.12.90 % % m moveto x y -> - % s String s -> - % d dieresis ch -> - % l Line x y w h -> - % x XLine x y dx dy -> - % c scaled Circle x y a b -> - % b shaded box x y w h col -> - % i pattern image x y w h mode -> - % p Page n -> - % f font mapping fnt -> - /m {moveto} def /s {show} def /d { /s2 exch def /ch0 s2 0 1 getinterval def /ch1 s2 1 1 getinterval def currentpoint /y0 exch def /x0 exch def ch0 show currentpoint /y1 exch def /x1 exch def ch1 stringwidth /wy exch def /wx exch def x1 x0 add wx sub 2 div y0 moveto ch0 (Z) le {0 wx 2 div rmoveto} if ch1 show x1 y1 moveto } def /l { /ph exch def /pw exch def newpath moveto pw 0 rlineto 0 ph rlineto pw neg 0 rlineto closepath 0 setgray fill } def /x { /dy exch def /dx exch def newpath moveto dx dy rlineto 0 setlinewidth stroke } def /c { /pb exch def /pa exch def newpath gsave translate 1 pb pa div scale 0 0 pa 0 360 arc 0 setlinewidth stroke grestore } def /maxwh { pw ph gt {/max pw def} {/max ph def} ifelse } def /shade { col 0 eq {1 setgray} if col 1 eq {0.99 setgray} if col 2 eq {0.9 setgray} if col 3 eq {0.65 setgray} if col 4 eq {0.35 setgray} if col 5 eq {0 setgray} if fill } def /texture { gsave clip newpath col 6 eq { px py ph add moveto maxwh max 10 idiv 1 add { max max rlineto max neg dup 20 sub rmoveto } repeat } if col 7 eq { px py moveto maxwh max 10 idiv 1 add { max neg max rlineto max 20 add max neg rmoveto } repeat } if col 8 eq { px py moveto pw 15 idiv 1 add { 0 ph rlineto 15 ph neg rmoveto } repeat } if col 9 eq { px py moveto ph 15 idiv 1 add { pw 0 rlineto pw neg 15 rmoveto } repeat } if 0 setlinewidth stroke grestore } def /b { /col exch def /ph exch def /pw exch def /py exch def /px exch def newpath px py moveto pw 0 rlineto 0 ph rlineto pw neg 0 rlineto closepath col 6 lt {shade} {texture} ifelse } def /i { /mode exch def /ph exch def /pw exch def /py exch def /px exch def /picstr 256 string def /nofbytes pw 7 add 8 idiv ph mul def gsave px py translate pw 2 mul ph 2 mul scale pw ph 1 [pw 0 0 ph 0 0] {nofbytes 256 ge { currentfile picstr readhexstring /nofbytes nofbytes 256 sub def pop } { /picstr nofbytes string def currentfile picstr readhexstring pop /nofbytes 0 def } ifelse } image grestore } def /init { .23 .23 scale 100 50 translate } def /p { /#copies exch def showpage init } def /map { ofnt eq {findfont exch scalefont setfont} {pop pop} ifelse } def /f { /ofnt exch def /Helvetica findfont 41 scalefont setfont % default font 37 /Helvetica (Syntax10.Scn.Fnt) map 34 /Helvetica-Oblique (Syntax10i.Scn.Fnt) map 37 /Helvetica-Bold (Syntax10b.Scn.Fnt) map 37 /Helvetica-Bold (Syntax10m.Scn.Fnt) map 37 /Helvetica (Syntax10w.Scn.Fnt) map 44 /Helvetica (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) map 41 /Helvetica-Oblique (Syntax12i.Scn.Fnt) map 44 /Helvetica-Bold (Syntax12b.Scn.Fnt) map 44 /Helvetica-Bold (Syntax12m.Scn.Fnt) map 50 /Helvetica (Syntax14.Scn.Fnt) map 47 /Helvetica-Oblique (Syntax14i.Scn.Fnt) map 50 /Helvetica-Bold (Syntax14b.Scn.Fnt) map 50 /Helvetica-Bold (Syntax14m.Scn.Fnt) map 59 /Helvetica (Syntax16.Scn.Fnt) map 56 /Helvetica-Oblique (Syntax16i.Scn.Fnt) map 59 /Helvetica-Bold (Syntax16b.Scn.Fnt) map 59 /Helvetica-Bold (Syntax16m.Scn.Fnt) map 74 /Helvetica (Syntax20.Scn.Fnt) map 70 /Helvetica-Oblique (Syntax20i.Scn.Fnt) map 74 /Helvetica-Bold (Syntax20b.Scn.Fnt) map 74 /Helvetica-Bold (Syntax20m.Scn.Fnt) map 88 /Helvetica (Syntax24.Scn.Fnt) map 84 /Helvetica-Oblique (Syntax24i.Scn.Fnt) map 88 /Helvetica-Bold (Syntax24b.Scn.Fnt) map 88 /Helvetica-Bold (Syntax24m.Scn.Fnt) map 30 /Courier (Gacha10l) map 37 /Courier (Courier10.Scn.Fnt) map 37 /Courier-Bold (Courier10b.Scn.Fnt) map 30 /Courier (Courier8.Scn.Fnt) map } def init % --- end of header 608 3035 m (Syntax16b.Scn.Fnt) f (The) s 741 3035 m (Programming) s 1198 3035 m (Language) s 1513 3035 m (Oberon) s 984 2965 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f ($Revision) s 1180 2965 m (1.) s 1232 2965 m (10.) s 1306 2965 m (90$) s 1095 2844 m (N.Wirth) s 1354 2659 m (Syntax12i.Scn.Fnt) f (Make) s 1476 2659 m (it) s 1515 2659 m (as) s 1566 2659 m (simple) s 1696 2659 m (as) s 1747 2659 m (possible,) s 1916 2659 m (but) s 1991 2659 m (not) s 2066 2659 m (simpler.) s 1996 2606 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (A.) s 2051 2606 m (Einstein) s 146 2437 m (Syntax14b.Scn.Fnt) f (1.) s 208 2437 m (Introduction) s 146 2335 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (Oberon) s 314 2335 m (is) s 364 2335 m (a) s 406 2335 m (general-purpose) s 756 2335 m (programming) s 1054 2335 m (language) s 1254 2335 m (that) s 1355 2335 m (evolved) s 1515 2335 m (from) s 1631 2335 m (Modula-2.) s 1869 2335 m (Its) s 1934 2335 m (principal) s 2129 2335 m (new) s 146 2282 m (feature) s 301 2282 m (is) s 350 2282 m (the) s 431 2282 m (concept) s 602 2282 m (of) s 659 2282 m () s 660 2282 m (Syntax12i.Scn.Fnt) f (type) s 757 2282 m (extension.) s 960 2282 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (It) s 1005 2282 m (permits) s 1176 2282 m (the) s 1257 2282 m (construction) s 1523 2282 m (of) s 1580 2282 m (new) s 1679 2282 m (data) s 1787 2282 m (types) s 1906 2282 m (on) s 1974 2282 m (the) s 2053 2282 m (basis) s 2173 2282 m (of) s 146 2229 m (existing) s 311 2229 m (ones) s 417 2229 m (and) s 512 2229 m (to) s 567 2229 m (relate) s 689 2229 m (them.) s 146 2138 m (This) s 247 2138 m (report) s 380 2138 m (is) s 426 2138 m (not) s 508 2138 m (intended) s 700 2138 m (as) s 758 2138 m (a) s 796 2138 m (programmer's) s 1094 2138 m (tutorial.) s 1266 2138 m (It) s 1309 2138 m (is) s 1354 2138 m (intentionally) s 1616 2138 m (kept) s 1716 2138 m (concise.) s 1883 2138 m (Its) s 1944 2138 m (function) s 2127 2138 m (is) s 2173 2138 m (to) s 146 2085 m (serve) s 262 2085 m (as) s 326 2085 m (a) s 370 2085 m (reference) s 564 2085 m (for) s 640 2085 m (programmers,) s 944 2085 m (implementors,) s 1256 2085 m (and) s 1356 2085 m (manual) s 1534 2085 m (writers.) s 1700 2085 m (What) s 1839 2085 m (remains) s 2021 2085 m (unsaid) s 2180 2085 m (is) s 146 2032 m (mostly) s 293 2032 m (left) s 370 2032 m (so) s 427 2032 m (intentionally,) s 700 2032 m (either) s 824 2032 m (because) s 996 2032 m (it) s 1037 2032 m (is) s 1082 2032 m (derivable) s 1273 2032 m (from) s 1385 2032 m (stated) s 1521 2032 m (rules) s 1628 2032 m (of) s 1680 2032 m (the) s 1756 2032 m (language,) s 1962 2032 m (or) s 2014 2032 m (because) s 2184 2032 m (it) s 146 1979 m (would) s 287 1979 m (require) s 441 1979 m (to) s 496 1979 m (commit) s 669 1979 m (the) s 748 1979 m (definition) s 957 1979 m (when) s 1083 1979 m (a) s 1122 1979 m (general) s 1279 1979 m (commitment) s 1559 1979 m (appears) s 1732 1979 m (as) s 1791 1979 m (unwise.) s 146 1833 m (Syntax14b.Scn.Fnt) f (2.) s 208 1833 m (Syntax) s 146 1731 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (A) s 189 1731 m (language) s 386 1731 m (is) s 433 1731 m (an) s 500 1731 m (infinite) s 657 1731 m (set) s 728 1731 m (of) s 783 1731 m (sentences,) s 1000 1731 m (namely) s 1161 1731 m (the) s 1239 1731 m (sentences) s 1443 1731 m (well) s 1536 1731 m (formed) s 1697 1731 m (according) s 1904 1731 m (to) s 1958 1731 m (its) s 2020 1731 m (syntax.) s 2173 1731 m (In) s 146 1678 m (Oberon,) s 323 1678 m (these) s 441 1678 m (sentences) s 646 1678 m (are) s 720 1678 m (called) s 849 1678 m (compilation) s 1104 1678 m (units.) s 1233 1678 m (Each) s 1346 1678 m (unit) s 1444 1678 m (is) s 1490 1678 m (a) s 1528 1678 m (finite) s 1645 1678 m (sequence) s 1841 1678 m (of) s 1895 1678 m (symbols) s 2075 1678 m (from) s 2189 1678 m (a) s 146 1625 m (finite) s 278 1625 m (vocabulary.) s 532 1625 m (The) s 636 1625 m (vocabulary) s 879 1625 m (of) s 948 1625 m (Oberon) s 1127 1625 m (consists) s 1313 1625 m (of) s 1381 1625 m (identifiers,) s 1619 1625 m (numbers,) s 1841 1625 m (strings,) s 2015 1625 m (operators,) s 146 1572 m (delimiters,) s 367 1572 m (and) s 458 1572 m (comments.) s 696 1572 m (They) s 803 1572 m (are) s 874 1572 m (called) s 1000 1572 m (lexical) s 1129 1572 m (symbols) s 1306 1572 m (and) s 1397 1572 m (are) s 1468 1572 m (composed) s 1684 1572 m (of) s 1735 1572 m (sequences) s 1948 1572 m (of) s 1999 1572 m (characters.) s 146 1519 m ($Note) s 275 1519 m (the) s 354 1519 m (distinction) s 583 1519 m (between) s 764 1519 m (symbols) s 945 1519 m (and) s 1039 1519 m (characters.$) s 146 1428 m (To) s 216 1428 m (describe) s 398 1428 m (the) s 480 1428 m (syntax,) s 638 1428 m (an) s 709 1428 m (extended) s 906 1428 m (Backus-Naur) s 1196 1428 m (Formalism) s 1431 1428 m (called) s 1564 1428 m (EBNF) s 1697 1428 m (is) s 1747 1428 m (used.) s 1873 1428 m (Brackets) s 2057 1428 m ([) s 2095 1428 m (and) s 2193 1428 m (]) s 146 1375 m (denote) s 296 1375 m (optionality) s 525 1375 m (of) s 582 1375 m (the) s 660 1375 m (enclosed) s 845 1375 m (sentential) s 1054 1375 m (form,) s 1180 1375 m (and) s 1274 1375 m (braces) s 1416 1375 m ({) s 1448 1375 m (and) s 1542 1375 m (}) s 1574 1375 m (denote) s 1723 1375 m (its) s 1786 1375 m (repetition) s 1991 1375 m ($possibly) s 2188 1375 m (0) s 146 1322 m (times$.) s 314 1322 m (Syntactic) s 518 1322 m (entities) s 686 1322 m ($non-terminal) s 1008 1322 m (symbols$) s 1220 1322 m (are) s 1306 1322 m (denoted) s 1494 1322 m (by) s 1568 1322 m (English) s 1744 1322 m (words) s 1891 1322 m (expressing) s 2122 1322 m (their) s 146 1269 m (intuitive) s 331 1269 m (meaning.) s 543 1269 m (Symbols) s 735 1269 m (of) s 798 1269 m (the) s 883 1269 m (language) s 1087 1269 m (vocabulary) s 1322 1269 m ($terminal) s 1534 1269 m (symbols$) s 1742 1269 m (are) s 1824 1269 m (denoted) s 2008 1269 m (by) s 2078 1269 m (strings) s 146 1216 m (enclosed) s 335 1216 m (in) s 393 1216 m (quote) s 526 1216 m (marks) s 670 1216 m (or) s 728 1216 m (words) s 869 1216 m (written) s 1030 1216 m (in) s 1088 1216 m (capital) s 1240 1216 m (letters,) s 1389 1216 m (so-called) s 1593 1216 m (reserved) s 1769 1216 m (words.) s 1922 1216 m (Syntactic) s 2118 1216 m (rules) s 146 1163 m ($productions$) s 441 1163 m (are) s 516 1163 m (marked) s 685 1163 m (by) s 748 1163 m (a) s 787 1163 m ($) s 827 1163 m (sign) s 925 1163 m (at) s 980 1163 m (the) s 1059 1163 m (left) s 1138 1163 m (margin) s 1299 1163 m (of) s 1354 1163 m (the) s 1433 1163 m (line.) s 146 1018 m (Syntax14b.Scn.Fnt) f (3.) s 208 1018 m (Vocabulary) s 527 1018 m (and) s 642 1018 m (representation) s 146 915 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (The) s 245 915 m (representation) s 553 915 m (of) s 616 915 m (symbols) s 805 915 m (in) s 869 915 m (terms) s 1007 915 m (of) s 1070 915 m (characters) s 1294 915 m (is) s 1349 915 m (defined) s 1523 915 m (using) s 1657 915 m (the) s 1744 915 m (ASCII) s 1870 915 m (set.) s 1960 915 m (Symbols) s 2153 915 m (are) s 146 862 m (identifiers,) s 370 862 m (numbers,) s 579 862 m (strings,) s 740 862 m (operators,) s 953 862 m (delimiters,) s 1177 862 m (and) s 1271 862 m (comments.) s 1512 862 m (The) s 1602 862 m (following) s 1802 862 m (lexical) s 1935 862 m (rules) s 2044 862 m (must) s 2165 862 m (be) s 146 809 m (observed.) s 346 809 m (Blanks) s 496 809 m (and) s 590 809 m (line) s 677 809 m (breaks) s 823 809 m (must) s 945 809 m (not) s 1027 809 m (occur) s 1149 809 m (within) s 1295 809 m (symbols) s 1476 809 m ($except) s 1634 809 m (in) s 1689 809 m (comments,) s 1929 809 m (and) s 2023 809 m (blanks) s 2173 809 m (in) s 146 756 m (strings$.) s 330 756 m (They) s 443 756 m (are) s 521 756 m (ignored) s 689 756 m (unless) s 834 756 m (they) s 935 756 m (are) s 1013 756 m (essential) s 1201 756 m (to) s 1259 756 m (separate) s 1443 756 m (two) s 1537 756 m (consecutive) s 1779 756 m (symbols.) s 1974 756 m (Capital) s 2133 756 m (and) s 146 703 m (lower-case) s 378 703 m (letters) s 512 703 m (are) s 586 703 m (considered) s 815 703 m (as) s 874 703 m (being) s 1000 703 m (distinct.) s 146 583 m (1.) s 197 583 m () s 197 583 m (Syntax12i.Scn.Fnt) f (Identifiers) s 390 583 m () s 390 583 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (are) s 464 583 m (sequences) s 681 583 m (of) s 736 583 m (letters) s 870 583 m (and) s 964 583 m (digits.) s 1102 583 m (The) s 1193 583 m (first) s 1287 583 m (character) s 1484 583 m (must) s 1606 583 m (be) s 1669 583 m (a) s 1708 583 m (letter.) s 146 462 m ($) s 264 462 m (ident) s 382 462 m () s 397 462 m (=) s 441 462 m () s 456 462 m (letter) s 571 462 m ({letter) s 701 462 m (\|) s 728 462 m (digit}.) s 146 342 m (Examples:) s 1 p 240 3173 m (x) s 275 3173 m () s 291 3173 m () s 306 3173 m (scan) s 413 3173 m () s 428 3173 m () s 444 3173 m (Oberon) s 610 3173 m () s 625 3173 m () s 641 3173 m (GetSymbol) s 873 3173 m () s 889 3173 m () s 905 3173 m (firstLetter) s 146 3053 m (2.) s 205 3053 m () s 206 3053 m (Syntax12i.Scn.Fnt) f (Numbers) s 391 3053 m () s 392 3053 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (are) s 475 3053 m ($unsigned$) s 723 3053 m (integers) s 900 3053 m (or) s 963 3053 m (real) s 1058 3053 m (numbers.) s 1274 3053 m (Integers) s 1452 3053 m (are) s 1535 3053 m (sequences) s 1759 3053 m (of) s 1821 3053 m (digits) s 1954 3053 m (and) s 2056 3053 m (may) s 2165 3053 m (be) s 146 3000 m (followed) s 331 3000 m (by) s 394 3000 m (a) s 433 3000 m (suffix) s 559 3000 m (letter.) s 685 3000 m (The) s 775 3000 m (type) s 874 3000 m (is) s 921 3000 m (the) s 1000 3000 m (minimal) s 1189 3000 m (type) s 1287 3000 m (to) s 1342 3000 m (which) s 1480 3000 m (the) s 1559 3000 m (number) s 1736 3000 m (belongs) s 1905 3000 m ($see) s 2000 3000 m (6.1.$.) s 2118 3000 m (If) s 2161 3000 m (no) s 146 2947 m (suffix) s 271 2947 m (is) s 319 2947 m (specified,) s 520 2947 m (the) s 598 2947 m (representation) s 897 2947 m (is) s 945 2947 m (decimal.) s 1130 2947 m (The) s 1220 2947 m (suffix) s 1346 2947 m (H) s 1394 2947 m (indicates) s 1586 2947 m (hexadecimal) s 1850 2947 m (representation.) s 146 2856 m (A) s 189 2856 m (real) s 275 2856 m (number) s 453 2856 m (always) s 602 2856 m (contains) s 787 2856 m (a) s 827 2856 m (decimal) s 1000 2856 m (point.) s 1134 2856 m (Optionally) s 1358 2856 m (it) s 1401 2856 m (may) s 1504 2856 m (also) s 1598 2856 m (contain) s 1764 2856 m (a) s 1803 2856 m (decimal) s 1976 2856 m (scale) s 2086 2856 m (factor.) s 146 2803 m (The) s 234 2803 m (letter) s 346 2803 m (E) s 388 2803 m ($or) s 460 2803 m (D$) s 529 2803 m (is) s 574 2803 m (pronounced) s 828 2803 m (as) s 885 2803 m () s 899 2803 m ("times) s 1043 2803 m (ten) s 1119 2803 m (to) s 1171 2803 m (the) s 1246 2803 m (power) s 1381 2803 m (of".) s 1465 2803 m (A) s 1505 2803 m (real) s 1589 2803 m (number) s 1763 2803 m (is) s 1807 2803 m (of) s 1859 2803 m (type) s 1955 2803 m (REAL,) s 2086 2803 m (unless) s 146 2750 m (it) s 189 2750 m (has) s 275 2750 m (a) s 315 2750 m (scale) s 425 2750 m (factor) s 555 2750 m (containing) s 783 2750 m (the) s 862 2750 m (letter) s 976 2750 m (D;) s 1039 2750 m (in) s 1094 2750 m (this) s 1185 2750 m (case) s 1283 2750 m (it) s 1327 2750 m (is) s 1374 2750 m (of) s 1429 2750 m (type) s 1527 2750 m (LONGREAL.) s 146 2629 m ($) s 264 2629 m (number) s 441 2629 m () s 456 2629 m (=) s 500 2629 m () s 515 2629 m (integer) s 665 2629 m (\|) s 693 2629 m (real.) s 146 2576 m ($) s 264 2576 m (integer) s 413 2576 m () s 429 2576 m (=) s 472 2576 m () s 488 2576 m (digit) s 594 2576 m ({digit}) s 732 2576 m (\|) s 760 2576 m (digit) s 866 2576 m ({hexDigit}) s 1078 2576 m ("H") s 1165 2576 m (.) s 146 2523 m ($) s 264 2523 m (real) s 350 2523 m () s 366 2523 m (=) s 409 2523 m () s 425 2523 m (digit) s 531 2523 m ({digit}) s 669 2523 m (".") s 736 2523 m ({digit}) s 874 2523 m ([ScaleFactor].) s 146 2470 m ($) s 264 2470 m (ScaleFactor) s 500 2470 m () s 515 2470 m (=) s 559 2470 m () s 575 2470 m ($"E") s 677 2470 m (\|) s 704 2470 m ("D"$) s 815 2470 m (["+") s 917 2470 m (\|) s 945 2470 m ("-"]) s 1047 2470 m (digit) s 1153 2470 m ({digit}.) s 146 2417 m ($) s 264 2417 m (hexDigit) s 445 2417 m () s 460 2417 m (=) s 504 2417 m () s 519 2417 m (digit) s 626 2417 m (\|) s 653 2417 m ("A") s 736 2417 m (\|) s 764 2417 m ("B") s 846 2417 m (\|) s 874 2417 m ("C") s 956 2417 m (\|) s 984 2417 m ("D") s 1075 2417 m (\|) s 1102 2417 m ("E") s 1185 2417 m (\|) s 1212 2417 m ("F".) s 146 2364 m ($) s 264 2364 m (digit) s 370 2364 m () s 386 2364 m (=) s 429 2364 m () s 445 2364 m ("0") s 523 2364 m (\|) s 551 2364 m ("1") s 630 2364 m (\|) s 657 2364 m ("2") s 736 2364 m (\|) s 764 2364 m ("3") s 842 2364 m (\|) s 870 2364 m ("4") s 949 2364 m (\|) s 976 2364 m ("5") s 1055 2364 m (\|) s 1082 2364 m ("6") s 1161 2364 m (\|) s 1189 2364 m ("7") s 1267 2364 m (\|) s 1295 2364 m ("8") s 1374 2364 m (\|) s 1401 2364 m ("9".) s 146 2244 m (Examples:) s 240 2153 m (1987) s 240 2100 m (100H) s 594 2100 m (=) s 637 2100 m (256) s 240 2047 m (12.3) s 240 1994 m (4.567E8) s 594 1994 m (=) s 637 1994 m (456700000) s 240 1941 m (0.57712566D-6) s 594 1941 m (=) s 637 1941 m (0.00000057712566) s 146 1821 m (3.) s 196 1821 m () s 197 1821 m (Syntax12i.Scn.Fnt) f (Character) s 389 1821 m (constants) s 581 1821 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (are) s 654 1821 m (either) s 779 1821 m (denoted) s 954 1821 m (by) s 1015 1821 m (a) s 1053 1821 m (single) s 1181 1821 m (character) s 1376 1821 m (enclosed) s 1559 1821 m (in) s 1612 1821 m (quote) s 1740 1821 m (marks) s 1879 1821 m (or) s 1933 1821 m (by) s 1994 1821 m (the) s 2070 1821 m (ordinal) s 146 1768 m (number) s 323 1768 m (of) s 378 1768 m (the) s 457 1768 m (character) s 653 1768 m (in) s 708 1768 m (hexadecimal) s 972 1768 m (notation) s 1157 1768 m (followed) s 1342 1768 m (by) s 1405 1768 m (the) s 1484 1768 m (letter) s 1598 1768 m (X.) s 146 1647 m ($) s 264 1647 m (CharConstant) s 555 1647 m () s 571 1647 m (=) s 614 1647 m (""") s 689 1647 m (character) s 886 1647 m (""") s 960 1647 m (\|) s 988 1647 m (digit) s 1094 1647 m ({hexDigit}) s 1307 1647 m ("X".) s 146 1527 m (4.) s 194 1527 m () s 195 1527 m (Syntax12i.Scn.Fnt) f (Strings) s 329 1527 m () s 330 1527 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (are) s 402 1527 m (sequences) s 615 1527 m (of) s 666 1527 m (characters) s 878 1527 m (enclosed) s 1060 1527 m (in) s 1111 1527 m (quote) s 1237 1527 m (marks) s 1374 1527 m ($"$.) s 1457 1527 m (A) s 1496 1527 m (string) s 1622 1527 m (cannot) s 1772 1527 m (contain) s 1933 1527 m (a) s 1968 1527 m (quote) s 2094 1527 m (mark.) s 146 1474 m (The) s 237 1474 m (number) s 415 1474 m (of) s 471 1474 m (characters) s 689 1474 m (in) s 745 1474 m (a) s 785 1474 m (string) s 916 1474 m (is) s 965 1474 m (called) s 1095 1474 m (the) s 1175 1474 m () s 1176 1474 m (Syntax12i.Scn.Fnt) f (length) s 1310 1474 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (of) s 1365 1474 m (the) s 1444 1474 m (string.) s 1586 1474 m (Strings) s 1739 1474 m (can) s 1826 1474 m (be) s 1889 1474 m (assigned) s 2078 1474 m (to) s 2133 1474 m (and) s 146 1421 m (compared) s 362 1421 m (with) s 468 1421 m (arrays) s 602 1421 m (of) s 657 1421 m (characters) s 874 1421 m ($see) s 968 1421 m (9.1) s 1043 1421 m (and) s 1138 1421 m (8.2.4$.) s 146 1300 m ($) s 264 1300 m (string) s 393 1300 m () s 409 1300 m (=) s 452 1300 m () s 468 1300 m (""") s 543 1300 m ({character}) s 771 1300 m (""") s 846 1300 m (.) s 146 1180 m (Examples:) s 240 1089 m ("OBERON") s 484 1089 m () s 499 1089 m () s 515 1089 m () s 531 1089 m ("Don't) s 680 1089 m (worry!") s 146 969 m (5.) s 194 969 m () s 195 969 m (Syntax12i.Scn.Fnt) f (Operators) s 392 969 m (and) s 472 969 m (delimiters) s 662 969 m () s 663 969 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (are) s 735 969 m (the) s 811 969 m (special) s 956 969 m (characters,) s 1181 969 m (character) s 1373 969 m (pairs,) s 1495 969 m (or) s 1547 969 m () s 1547 969 m (Syntax12i.Scn.Fnt) f (reserved) s 1708 969 m (words) s 1838 969 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (listed) s 1956 969 m (below.) s 2097 969 m (These) s 146 916 m (reserved) s 319 916 m (words) s 457 916 m (consist) s 610 916 m (exclusively) s 827 916 m (of) s 882 916 m (capital) s 1031 916 m (letters) s 1165 916 m (and) s 1260 916 m (cannot) s 1413 916 m (be) s 1476 916 m (used) s 1586 916 m (in) s 1642 916 m (the) s 1720 916 m (role) s 1807 916 m (of) s 1862 916 m (identifiers.) s 240 795 m (+) s 283 795 m () s 417 795 m (:=) s 594 795 m (ARRAY) s 1007 795 m (IS) s 1419 795 m (TO) s 240 742 m (-) s 283 742 m () s 417 742 m (^) s 594 742 m (BEGIN) s 1007 742 m (LOOP) s 1419 742 m (TYPE) s 240 689 m () s 283 689 m () s 417 689 m (=) s 594 689 m (CASE) s 1007 689 m (MOD) s 1419 689 m (UNTIL) s 240 636 m (/) s 275 636 m () s 417 636 m (#) s 594 636 m (CONST) s 1007 636 m (MODULE) s 1419 636 m (VAR) s 240 583 m (~) s 417 583 m (<) s 594 583 m (DIV) s 1007 583 m (NIL) s 1419 583 m (WHILE) s 240 530 m (&) s 283 530 m () s 417 530 m (>) s 594 530 m (DO) s 1007 530 m (OF) s 1419 530 m (WITH) s 240 477 m (.) s 267 477 m () s 417 477 m (<=) s 594 477 m (ELSE) s 1007 477 m (OR) s 240 424 m (,) s 267 424 m () s 417 424 m (>=) s 594 424 m (ELSIF) s 1007 424 m (POINTER) s 240 371 m (;) s 267 371 m () s 417 371 m (..) s 594 371 m (END) s 1007 371 m (PROCEDURE) s 240 318 m (\|) s 267 318 m () s 417 318 m (:) s 594 318 m (EXIT) s 1007 318 m (RECORD) s 240 265 m ($) s 417 265 m ($) s 452 265 m () s 594 265 m (IF) s 1007 265 m (REPEAT) s 1 p 240 3173 m ([) s 417 3173 m (]) s 594 3173 m (IMPORT) s 1007 3173 m (RETURN) s 240 3120 m ({) s 271 3120 m () s 417 3120 m (}) s 594 3120 m (IN) s 1007 3120 m (THEN) s 146 2947 m (6.) s 203 2947 m () s 204 2947 m (Syntax12i.Scn.Fnt) f (Comments) s 414 2947 m () s 415 2947 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (may) s 524 2947 m (be) s 593 2947 m (inserted) s 772 2947 m (between) s 959 2947 m (any) s 1052 2947 m (two) s 1148 2947 m (symbols) s 1335 2947 m (in) s 1395 2947 m (a) s 1440 2947 m (program.) s 1646 2947 m (They) s 1761 2947 m (are) s 1841 2947 m (arbitrary) s 2031 2947 m (character) s 146 2894 m (sequences) s 368 2894 m (opened) s 535 2894 m (by) s 604 2894 m (the) s 689 2894 m (bracket) s 857 2894 m ($) s 925 2894 m (and) s 1024 2894 m (closed) s 1167 2894 m (by) s 1235 2894 m ($.) s 1315 2894 m (Comments) s 1556 2894 m (do) s 1628 2894 m (not) s 1716 2894 m (affect) s 1846 2894 m (the) s 1930 2894 m (meaning) s 2128 2894 m (of) s 2188 2894 m (a) s 146 2841 m (program.) s 146 2695 m (Syntax14b.Scn.Fnt) f (4.) s 208 2695 m (Declarations) s 567 2695 m (and) s 681 2695 m (scope) s 850 2695 m (rules) s 146 2593 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (Every) s 266 2593 m (identifier) s 461 2593 m (occurring) s 663 2593 m (in) s 719 2593 m (a) s 760 2593 m (program) s 950 2593 m (must) s 1073 2593 m (be) s 1137 2593 m (introduced) s 1370 2593 m (by) s 1434 2593 m (a) s 1474 2593 m (declaration,) s 1723 2593 m (unless) s 1866 2593 m (it) s 1911 2593 m (is) s 1959 2593 m (a) s 1999 2593 m (predefined) s 146 2540 m (identifier.) s 347 2540 m (Declarations) s 608 2540 m (also) s 699 2540 m (serve) s 807 2540 m (to) s 859 2540 m (specify) s 1005 2540 m (certain) s 1152 2540 m (permanent) s 1385 2540 m (properties) s 1594 2540 m (of) s 1645 2540 m (an) s 1708 2540 m (object,) s 1850 2540 m (such) s 1956 2540 m (as) s 2011 2540 m (whether) s 2184 2540 m (it) s 146 2487 m (is) s 193 2487 m (a) s 232 2487 m (constant,) s 433 2487 m (a) s 472 2487 m (type,) s 583 2487 m (a) s 622 2487 m (variable,) s 803 2487 m (or) s 858 2487 m (a) s 897 2487 m (procedure.) s 146 2396 m (The) s 235 2396 m (identifier) s 427 2396 m (is) s 473 2396 m (then) s 579 2396 m (used) s 688 2396 m (to) s 742 2396 m (refer) s 843 2396 m (to) s 897 2396 m (the) s 975 2396 m (associated) s 1195 2396 m (object.) s 1338 2396 m (This) s 1439 2396 m (is) s 1484 2396 m (possible) s 1659 2396 m (in) s 1712 2396 m (those) s 1832 2396 m (parts) s 1948 2396 m (of) s 2001 2396 m (a) s 2039 2396 m (program) s 146 2343 m (only) s 241 2343 m (which) s 376 2343 m (are) s 448 2343 m (within) s 590 2343 m (the) s 666 2343 m () s 666 2343 m (Syntax12i.Scn.Fnt) f (scope) s 776 2343 m () s 776 2343 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (of) s 827 2343 m (the) s 902 2343 m (declaration.) s 1146 2343 m (No) s 1217 2343 m (identifier) s 1406 2343 m (may) s 1504 2343 m (denote) s 1650 2343 m (more) s 1764 2343 m (than) s 1870 2343 m (one) s 1953 2343 m (object) s 2083 2343 m (within) s 146 2290 m (a) s 189 2290 m (given) s 311 2290 m (scope.) s 453 2290 m (The) s 547 2290 m (scope) s 677 2290 m (extends) s 846 2290 m (textually) s 1030 2290 m (from) s 1147 2290 m (the) s 1229 2290 m (point) s 1354 2290 m (of) s 1412 2290 m (the) s 1494 2290 m (declaration) s 1733 2290 m (to) s 1791 2290 m (the) s 1873 2290 m (end) s 1966 2290 m (of) s 2024 2290 m (the) s 2106 2290 m (block) s 146 2237 m ($procedure) s 381 2237 m (or) s 439 2237 m (module$) s 631 2237 m (to) s 689 2237 m (which) s 830 2237 m (the) s 912 2237 m (declaration) s 1151 2237 m (belongs) s 1323 2237 m (and) s 1421 2237 m (hence) s 1553 2237 m (to) s 1612 2237 m (which) s 1751 2237 m (the) s 1832 2237 m (object) s 1968 2237 m (is) s 2017 2237 m () s 2017 2237 m (Syntax12i.Scn.Fnt) f (local.) s 2137 2237 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (The) s 146 2184 m (scope) s 271 2184 m (rule) s 362 2184 m (has) s 449 2184 m (the) s 527 2184 m (following) s 728 2184 m (amendments:) s 193 2063 m (1.) s 249 2063 m (If) s 297 2063 m (a) s 341 2063 m (type) s 445 2063 m (T) s 493 2063 m (is) s 545 2063 m (defined) s 716 2063 m (as) s 780 2063 m (POINTER) s 989 2063 m (TO) s 1073 2063 m (T1) s 1144 2063 m ($see) s 1243 2063 m (6.4$,) s 1353 2063 m (the) s 1436 2063 m (identifier) s 1633 2063 m (T1) s 1704 2063 m (can) s 1794 2063 m (be) s 1861 2063 m (declared) s 2046 2063 m (textually) s 193 2010 m (following) s 393 2010 m (the) s 472 2010 m (declaration) s 708 2010 m (of) s 763 2010 m (T,) s 818 2010 m (but) s 905 2010 m (it) s 948 2010 m (must) s 1070 2010 m (lie) s 1130 2010 m (within) s 1275 2010 m (the) s 1354 2010 m (same) s 1476 2010 m (scope.) s 193 1908 m (2.) s 244 1908 m (Field) s 354 1908 m (identifiers) s 567 1908 m (of) s 622 1908 m (a) s 661 1908 m (record) s 799 1908 m (declaration) s 1035 1908 m ($see) s 1130 1908 m (6.3$) s 1224 1908 m (are) s 1299 1908 m (valid) s 1409 1908 m (in) s 1464 1908 m (field) s 1567 1908 m (designators) s 1811 1908 m (only.) s 146 1788 m (In) s 202 1788 m (its) s 266 1788 m (declaration,) s 515 1788 m (an) s 583 1788 m (identifier) s 776 1788 m (in) s 833 1788 m (the) s 912 1788 m (global) s 1050 1788 m (scope) s 1176 1788 m (may) s 1278 1788 m (be) s 1341 1788 m (followed) s 1527 1788 m (by) s 1590 1788 m (an) s 1656 1788 m (export) s 1794 1788 m (mark) s 1916 1788 m ($$) s 1999 1788 m (to) s 2054 1788 m (indicate) s 146 1735 m (that) s 242 1735 m (it) s 283 1735 m (be) s 344 1735 m (exported) s 527 1735 m (from) s 639 1735 m (its) s 700 1735 m (declaring) s 895 1735 m (module.) s 1074 1735 m (In) s 1128 1735 m (this) s 1216 1735 m (case,) s 1324 1735 m (the) s 1401 1735 m (identifier) s 1592 1735 m (may) s 1692 1735 m (be) s 1752 1735 m (used) s 1860 1735 m (in) s 1912 1735 m (other) s 2027 1735 m (modules,) s 146 1682 m (if) s 194 1682 m (they) s 297 1682 m (import) s 456 1682 m (the) s 540 1682 m (declaring) s 741 1682 m (module.) s 927 1682 m (The) s 1023 1682 m (identifier) s 1221 1682 m (is) s 1273 1682 m (then) s 1384 1682 m (prefixed) s 1563 1682 m (by) s 1631 1682 m (the) s 1714 1682 m (identifier) s 1912 1682 m (designating) s 2164 1682 m (its) s 146 1629 m (module) s 316 1629 m ($see) s 411 1629 m (Ch.) s 495 1629 m (11$.) s 590 1629 m (The) s 682 1629 m (prefix) s 809 1629 m (and) s 904 1629 m (the) s 984 1629 m (identifier) s 1178 1629 m (are) s 1254 1629 m (separated) s 1464 1629 m (by) s 1528 1629 m (a) s 1568 1629 m (period) s 1711 1629 m (and) s 1806 1629 m (together) s 1983 1629 m (are) s 2058 1629 m (called) s 2188 1629 m (a) s 146 1576 m (Syntax12i.Scn.Fnt) f (qualified) s 319 1576 m (identifier.) s 146 1455 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f ($) s 264 1455 m (qualident) s 472 1455 m (=) s 515 1455 m ([ident) s 653 1455 m ("."]) s 740 1455 m (ident.) s 146 1402 m ($) s 264 1402 m (identdef) s 445 1402 m (=) s 488 1402 m (ident) s 606 1402 m ([""].) s 146 1281 m (The) s 236 1281 m (following) s 437 1281 m (identifiers) s 649 1281 m (are) s 724 1281 m (predefined;) s 964 1281 m (their) s 1071 1281 m (meaning) s 1264 1281 m (is) s 1311 1281 m (defined) s 1476 1281 m (in) s 1531 1281 m (the) s 1610 1281 m (indicated) s 1811 1281 m (sections:) s 240 1161 m (ABS) s 334 1161 m () s 350 1161 m () s 365 1161 m () s 381 1161 m () s 397 1161 m () s 413 1161 m () s 522 1161 m ($10.2$) s 1007 1161 m (LEN) s 1278 1161 m ($10.2$) s 240 1108 m (ASH) s 522 1108 m ($10.2$) s 1007 1108 m (LONG) s 1278 1108 m ($10.2$) s 240 1055 m (BOOLEAN) s 468 1055 m () s 484 1055 m () s 522 1055 m ($6.1$) s 1007 1055 m (LONGINT) s 1278 1055 m ($6.1$) s 240 1002 m (BYTE) s 522 1002 m ($6.1$) s 1007 1002 m (LONGREAL) s 1278 1002 m ($6.1$) s 240 949 m (CAP) s 334 949 m () s 350 949 m () s 365 949 m () s 381 949 m () s 397 949 m () s 413 949 m () s 522 949 m ($10.2$) s 1007 949 m (MAX) s 1278 949 m ($10.2$) s 240 896 m (CHAR) s 369 896 m () s 385 896 m () s 401 896 m () s 417 896 m () s 432 896 m () s 522 896 m ($6.1$) s 1007 896 m (MIN) s 1278 896 m ($10.2$) s 240 843 m (CHR) s 342 843 m () s 358 843 m () s 373 843 m () s 389 843 m () s 405 843 m () s 421 843 m () s 522 843 m ($10.2$) s 1007 843 m (NEW) s 1278 843 m ($6.4$) s 240 790 m (DEC) s 346 790 m () s 362 790 m () s 377 790 m () s 393 790 m () s 409 790 m () s 425 790 m () s 522 790 m ($10.2$) s 1007 790 m (ODD) s 1278 790 m ($10.2$) s 240 737 m (ENTIER) s 522 737 m ($10.2$) s 1007 737 m (ORD) s 1121 737 m () s 1136 737 m () s 1152 737 m () s 1168 737 m () s 1184 737 m () s 1278 737 m ($10.2$) s 240 684 m (EXCL) s 522 684 m ($10.2$) s 1007 684 m (REAL) s 1129 684 m () s 1144 684 m () s 1160 684 m () s 1176 684 m () s 1278 684 m ($6.1$) s 240 631 m (FALSE) s 381 631 m () s 397 631 m () s 413 631 m () s 428 631 m () s 522 631 m ($6.1$) s 1007 631 m (SET) s 1101 631 m () s 1117 631 m () s 1132 631 m () s 1278 631 m ($6.1$) s 240 578 m (HALT) s 365 578 m () s 381 578 m () s 397 578 m () s 413 578 m () s 428 578 m () s 522 578 m ($10.2$) s 1007 578 m (SHORT) s 1278 578 m ($10.2$) s 240 525 m (INC) s 330 525 m () s 346 525 m () s 362 525 m () s 377 525 m () s 393 525 m () s 522 525 m ($10.2$) s 1007 525 m (SHORTINT) s 1278 525 m ($6.1$) s 240 472 m (INCL) s 354 472 m () s 369 472 m () s 385 472 m () s 401 472 m () s 522 472 m ($10.2$) s 1007 472 m (SIZE) s 1278 472 m ($10.2$) s 240 419 m (INTEGER) s 444 419 m () s 522 419 m ($6.1$) s 1007 419 m (TRUE) s 1136 419 m () s 1152 419 m () s 1168 419 m () s 1184 419 m () s 1278 419 m ($6.1$) s 146 273 m (Syntax14b.Scn.Fnt) f (5.) s 208 273 m (Constant) s 468 273 m (declarations) s 1 p 146 3173 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (A) s 189 3173 m (constant) s 378 3173 m (declaration) s 614 3173 m (associates) s 827 3173 m (an) s 894 3173 m (identifier) s 1086 3173 m (with) s 1193 3173 m (a) s 1232 3173 m (constant) s 1421 3173 m (value.) s 1551 3173 m () s 146 3053 m ($) s 264 3053 m (ConstantDeclaration) s 689 3053 m () s 704 3053 m (=) s 748 3053 m () s 764 3053 m (identdef) s 945 3053 m ("=") s 1027 3053 m (ConstExpression.) s 146 3000 m ($) s 264 3000 m (ConstExpression) s 606 3000 m () s 622 3000 m (=) s 665 3000 m () s 681 3000 m (expression.) s 146 2879 m (A) s 187 2879 m (constant) s 374 2879 m (expression) s 592 2879 m (can) s 677 2879 m (be) s 738 2879 m (evaluated) s 941 2879 m (by) s 1002 2879 m (a) s 1039 2879 m (mere) s 1151 2879 m (textual) s 1299 2879 m (scan) s 1403 2879 m (without) s 1574 2879 m (actually) s 1741 2879 m (executing) s 1938 2879 m (the) s 2014 2879 m (program.) s 2212 2879 m () s 146 2826 m (Its) s 208 2826 m (operands) s 409 2826 m (are) s 484 2826 m (constants) s 693 2826 m () s 708 2826 m ($see) s 803 2826 m (Ch.) s 886 2826 m (8$.) s 957 2826 m (Examples) s 1165 2826 m (of) s 1220 2826 m (constant) s 1409 2826 m (declarations) s 1665 2826 m (are) s 240 2718 m (N) s 358 2718 m (=) s 476 2718 m (100) s 240 2665 m (limit) s 358 2665 m (=) s 476 2665 m (2N) s 578 2665 m (-1) s 240 2612 m (all) s 358 2612 m (=) s 476 2612 m ({0) s 531 2612 m (..) s 570 2612 m (WordSize-1}) s 146 2466 m (Syntax14b.Scn.Fnt) f (6.) s 208 2466 m (Type) s 350 2466 m (declarations) s 146 2364 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (A) s 191 2364 m (data) s 299 2364 m (type) s 399 2364 m (determines) s 636 2364 m (the) s 715 2364 m (set) s 787 2364 m (of) s 843 2364 m (values) s 982 2364 m (which) s 1121 2364 m (variables) s 1311 2364 m (of) s 1367 2364 m (that) s 1467 2364 m (type) s 1566 2364 m (may) s 1669 2364 m (assume,) s 1851 2364 m (and) s 1947 2364 m (the) s 2027 2364 m (operators) s 146 2311 m (that) s 243 2311 m (are) s 317 2311 m (applicable.) s 548 2311 m (A) s 590 2311 m (type) s 688 2311 m (declaration) s 923 2311 m (is) s 968 2311 m (used) s 1076 2311 m (to) s 1130 2311 m (associate) s 1320 2311 m (an) s 1385 2311 m (identifier) s 1576 2311 m (with) s 1681 2311 m (the) s 1757 2311 m (type.) s 1866 2311 m () s 1879 2311 m (Such) s 1992 2311 m (association) s 146 2258 m (may) s 246 2258 m (be) s 307 2258 m (with) s 411 2258 m (unstructured) s 685 2258 m ($basic$) s 840 2258 m (types,) s 968 2258 m (or) s 1021 2258 m (it) s 1063 2258 m (may) s 1163 2258 m (be) s 1224 2258 m (with) s 1327 2258 m (structured) s 1545 2258 m (types,) s 1672 2258 m (in) s 1724 2258 m (which) s 1859 2258 m (case) s 1954 2258 m (it) s 1994 2258 m (defines) s 2149 2258 m (the) s 146 2205 m (structure) s 350 2205 m (of) s 418 2205 m (variables) s 619 2205 m (of) s 686 2205 m (this) s 787 2205 m (type) s 897 2205 m (and,) s 1014 2205 m (by) s 1088 2205 m (implication,) s 1355 2205 m (the) s 1445 2205 m (operators) s 1656 2205 m (that) s 1766 2205 m (are) s 1852 2205 m (applicable) s 2083 2205 m (to) s 2149 2205 m (the) s 146 2152 m (components.) s 422 2152 m (There) s 549 2152 m (are) s 625 2152 m (two) s 716 2152 m (different) s 902 2152 m (structures,) s 1128 2152 m (namely) s 1290 2152 m (arrays) s 1425 2152 m (and) s 1521 2152 m (records,) s 1691 2152 m (with) s 1798 2152 m (different) s 1983 2152 m (component) s 146 2099 m (selectors.) s 338 2099 m () s 146 1978 m ($) s 264 1978 m (TypeDeclaration) s 602 1978 m () s 618 1978 m (=) s 661 1978 m () s 677 1978 m (identdef) s 858 1978 m ("=") s 941 1978 m (type.) s 146 1925 m ($) s 264 1925 m (type) s 362 1925 m () s 378 1925 m (=) s 421 1925 m () s 437 1925 m (qualident) s 645 1925 m (\|) s 673 1925 m (ArrayType) s 886 1925 m (\|) s 913 1925 m (RecordType) s 1157 1925 m (\|) s 1185 1925 m (PointerType) s 1433 1925 m (\|) s 1460 1925 m (ProcedureType.) s 146 1788 m (Examples:) s 240 1697 m (Table) s 511 1697 m (=) s 570 1697 m (ARRAY) s 719 1697 m (N) s 770 1697 m (OF) s 845 1697 m (REAL) s 240 1589 m (Tree) s 511 1589 m (=) s 570 1589 m (POINTER) s 774 1589 m (TO) s 853 1589 m (Node) s 240 1481 m (Node) s 511 1481 m (=) s 570 1481 m (RECORD) s 766 1481 m (key:) s 857 1481 m (INTEGER;) s 570 1428 m () s 585 1428 m () s 601 1428 m () s 617 1428 m () s 632 1428 m (left,) s 723 1428 m (right:) s 845 1428 m (Tree) s 570 1375 m (END) s 240 1267 m (CenterNode) s 511 1267 m (=) s 570 1267 m (RECORD) s 766 1267 m ($Node$) s 570 1214 m () s 585 1214 m () s 601 1214 m () s 617 1214 m (name:) s 758 1214 m (ARRAY) s 908 1214 m (32) s 971 1214 m (OF) s 1046 1214 m (CHAR;) s 570 1161 m () s 585 1161 m () s 601 1161 m () s 617 1161 m (subnode:) s 818 1161 m (Tree) s 570 1108 m (END) s 240 999 m (Function) s 511 999 m (=) s 570 999 m (PROCEDURE) s 849 999 m ($x:) s 916 999 m (INTEGER$:) s 1152 999 m (INTEGER) s 146 850 m (Syntax12b.Scn.Fnt) f (6.1.) s 252 850 m (Basic) s 378 850 m (types) s 146 729 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (The) s 234 729 m (following) s 433 729 m (basic) s 549 729 m (types) s 665 729 m (are) s 738 729 m (denoted) s 913 729 m (by) s 973 729 m (predeclared) s 1214 729 m (identifiers.) s 1436 729 m (The) s 1523 729 m (associated) s 1741 729 m (operators) s 1938 729 m (are) s 2010 729 m (defined) s 2172 729 m (in) s 146 676 m (8.2,) s 231 676 m (and) s 325 676 m (the) s 402 676 m (predeclared) s 645 676 m (function) s 829 676 m (procedures) s 1061 676 m (in) s 1114 676 m (10.2.) s 1222 676 m (The) s 1311 676 m (values) s 1446 676 m (of) s 1500 676 m (a) s 1537 676 m (given) s 1653 676 m (basic) s 1769 676 m (type) s 1866 676 m (are) s 1938 676 m (the) s 2015 676 m (following:) s 240 556 m (1.) s 299 556 m (BOOLEAN) s 535 556 m (the) s 613 556 m (truth) s 731 556 m (values) s 869 556 m (TRUE) s 999 556 m (and) s 1094 556 m (FALSE.) s 240 503 m (2.) s 299 503 m (CHAR) s 535 503 m (the) s 613 503 m (characters) s 830 503 m (of) s 885 503 m (the) s 964 503 m (extended) s 1157 503 m (ASCII) s 1275 503 m (set) s 1346 503 m () s 1361 503 m ($0X) s 1448 503 m (...) s 1499 503 m (0FFX$.) s 240 450 m (3.) s 299 450 m (SHORTINT) s 535 450 m (the) s 613 450 m (integers) s 783 450 m (between) s 964 450 m (-128) s 1078 450 m (and) s 1172 450 m (127.) s 240 397 m (4.) s 299 397 m (INTEGER) s 535 397 m (the) s 613 397 m (integers) s 783 397 m (between) s 964 397 m (MIN$INTEGER$) s 1298 397 m (and) s 1393 397 m (MAX$INTEGER$.) s 240 344 m (5.) s 299 344 m (LONGINT) s 535 344 m (the) s 613 344 m (integers) s 783 344 m (between) s 964 344 m (MIN$LONGINT$) s 1310 344 m (and) s 1405 344 m (MAX$LONGINT$.) s 240 291 m (6.) s 299 291 m (REAL) s 535 291 m (real) s 621 291 m (numbers) s 818 291 m (between) s 999 291 m (MIN$REAL$) s 1251 291 m (and) s 1346 291 m (MAX$REAL$.) s 1 p 240 3173 m (7.) s 299 3173 m (LONGREAL) s 535 3173 m (real) s 621 3173 m (numbers) s 818 3173 m (between) s 999 3173 m (MIN$LONGREAL$) s 1377 3173 m (and) s 1472 3173 m (MAX$LONGREAL$.) s 240 3120 m (8.) s 299 3120 m (SET) s 535 3120 m (the) s 613 3120 m (sets) s 704 3120 m (of) s 759 3120 m (integers) s 928 3120 m (between) s 1109 3120 m (0) s 1149 3120 m (and) s 1243 3120 m (MAX$SET$.) s 146 3000 m (Types) s 277 3000 m (3) s 319 3000 m (to) s 376 3000 m (5) s 416 3000 m (are) s 492 3000 m () s 492 3000 m (Syntax12i.Scn.Fnt) f (integer) s 639 3000 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (types,) s 770 3000 m (6) s 810 3000 m (and) s 906 3000 m (7) s 946 3000 m (are) s 1022 3000 m () s 1022 3000 m (Syntax12i.Scn.Fnt) f (real) s 1109 3000 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (types,) s 1240 3000 m (and) s 1336 3000 m (together) s 1514 3000 m (they) s 1613 3000 m (are) s 1689 3000 m (called) s 1820 3000 m () s 1820 3000 m (Syntax12i.Scn.Fnt) f (numeric) s 1986 3000 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (types.) s 2117 3000 m (They) s 146 2947 m (form) s 260 2947 m (a) s 299 2947 m (hierarchy;) s 508 2947 m (the) s 586 2947 m (larger) s 712 2947 m (type) s 811 2947 m () s 811 2947 m (Syntax12i.Scn.Fnt) f (includes) s 976 2947 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f ($the) s 1075 2947 m (values) s 1212 2947 m (of$) s 1287 2947 m (the) s 1366 2947 m (smaller) s 1527 2947 m (type:) s 240 2826 m (LONGREAL) s 488 2826 m () s 503 2826 m (>=) s 574 2826 m () s 590 2826 m (REAL) s 712 2826 m () s 728 2826 m (>=) s 799 2826 m () s 814 2826 m (LONGINT) s 1031 2826 m () s 1047 2826 m (>=) s 1117 2826 m () s 1133 2826 m (INTEGER) s 1338 2826 m () s 1354 2826 m (>=) s 1425 2826 m () s 1440 2826 m (SHORTINT) s 146 2677 m (Syntax12b.Scn.Fnt) f (6.2.) s 252 2677 m (Array) s 390 2677 m (types) s 146 2556 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (An) s 213 2556 m (array) s 324 2556 m (is) s 367 2556 m (a) s 402 2556 m (structure) s 591 2556 m (consisting) s 804 2556 m (of) s 855 2556 m (a) s 890 2556 m (fixed) s 996 2556 m (number) s 1169 2556 m (of) s 1221 2556 m (elements) s 1410 2556 m (which) s 1543 2556 m (are) s 1614 2556 m (all) s 1673 2556 m (of) s 1724 2556 m (the) s 1799 2556 m (same) s 1917 2556 m (type,) s 2023 2556 m (called) s 2149 2556 m (the) s 146 2503 m (Syntax12i.Scn.Fnt) f (element) s 308 2503 m (type.) s 423 2503 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (The) s 518 2503 m (number) s 699 2503 m (of) s 758 2503 m (elements) s 955 2503 m (of) s 1014 2503 m (an) s 1085 2503 m (array) s 1203 2503 m (is) s 1254 2503 m (called) s 1388 2503 m (its) s 1455 2503 m () s 1455 2503 m (Syntax12i.Scn.Fnt) f (length.) s 1601 2503 m () s 1601 2503 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (The) s 1696 2503 m (elements) s 1893 2503 m (of) s 1952 2503 m (the) s 2034 2503 m (array) s 2153 2503 m (are) s 146 2450 m (designated) s 378 2450 m (by) s 441 2450 m (indices,) s 606 2450 m (which) s 744 2450 m (are) s 819 2450 m (integers) s 988 2450 m (between) s 1169 2450 m (0) s 1208 2450 m (and) s 1303 2450 m (the) s 1382 2450 m (length) s 1523 2450 m (minus) s 1669 2450 m (1.) s 146 2329 m ($) s 264 2329 m (ArrayType) s 476 2329 m () s 492 2329 m (=) s 535 2329 m () s 551 2329 m (ARRAY) s 701 2329 m (length) s 842 2329 m ({",") s 925 2329 m (length}) s 1082 2329 m (OF) s 1157 2329 m (type.) s 146 2276 m ($) s 264 2276 m (length) s 405 2276 m () s 421 2276 m (=) s 464 2276 m () s 480 2276 m (ConstExpression.) s 146 2156 m (A) s 189 2156 m (declaration) s 425 2156 m (of) s 480 2156 m (the) s 559 2156 m (form) s 240 2048 m (ARRAY) s 389 2048 m (N0,) s 476 2048 m (N1,) s 562 2048 m (...) s 614 2048 m (,) s 641 2048 m (Nk) s 716 2048 m (OF) s 791 2048 m (T) s 146 1927 m (is) s 193 1927 m (understood) s 437 1927 m (as) s 496 1927 m (an) s 563 1927 m (abbreviation) s 827 1927 m (of) s 882 1927 m (the) s 960 1927 m (declaration) s 1197 1927 m () s 240 1819 m (ARRAY) s 389 1819 m (N0) s 464 1819 m (OF) s 358 1766 m (ARRAY) s 507 1766 m (N1) s 582 1766 m (OF) s 358 1713 m (...) s 476 1660 m (ARRAY) s 625 1660 m (Nk) s 700 1660 m (OF) s 775 1660 m (T) s 146 1539 m (Examples) s 354 1539 m (of) s 409 1539 m (array) s 523 1539 m (types:) s 240 1431 m (ARRAY) s 389 1431 m (N) s 440 1431 m (OF) s 515 1431 m (INTEGER) s 240 1378 m (ARRAY) s 389 1378 m (10,) s 464 1378 m (20) s 527 1378 m (OF) s 602 1378 m (REAL) s 146 1229 m (Syntax12b.Scn.Fnt) f (6.3.) s 252 1229 m (Record) s 425 1229 m (types) s 146 1108 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (A) s 192 1108 m (record) s 333 1108 m (type) s 434 1108 m (is) s 484 1108 m (a) s 527 1108 m (structure) s 722 1108 m (consisting) s 940 1108 m (of) s 997 1108 m (a) s 1039 1108 m (fixed) s 1151 1108 m (number) s 1330 1108 m (of) s 1387 1108 m (elements) s 1582 1108 m (of) s 1639 1108 m (possibly) s 1818 1108 m (different) s 2005 1108 m (types.) s 2137 1108 m (The) s 146 1055 m (record) s 284 1055 m (type) s 384 1055 m (declaration) s 621 1055 m (specifies) s 803 1055 m (for) s 875 1055 m (each) s 982 1055 m (element,) s 1168 1055 m (called) s 1299 1055 m () s 1300 1055 m (Syntax12i.Scn.Fnt) f (field,) s 1404 1055 m () s 1405 1055 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (its) s 1468 1055 m (type) s 1566 1055 m (and) s 1660 1055 m (an) s 1727 1055 m (identifier) s 1920 1055 m (which) s 2058 1055 m (denotes) s 146 1002 m (the) s 222 1002 m (field.) s 334 1002 m (The) s 423 1002 m (scope) s 547 1002 m (of) s 600 1002 m (these) s 716 1002 m (field) s 816 1002 m (identifiers) s 1025 1002 m (is) s 1069 1002 m (the) s 1145 1002 m (record) s 1280 1002 m (definition) s 1486 1002 m (itself,) s 1605 1002 m (but) s 1688 1002 m (they) s 1784 1002 m (are) s 1855 1002 m (also) s 1947 1002 m (visible) s 2082 1002 m (within) s 146 949 m (field) s 248 949 m (designators) s 492 949 m ($see) s 586 949 m (8.1$) s 681 949 m (referring) s 862 949 m (to) s 917 949 m (elements) s 1110 949 m (of) s 1165 949 m (record) s 1303 949 m (variables.) s 146 829 m ($) s 263 829 m (RecordType) s 507 829 m () s 522 829 m (=) s 566 829 m () s 581 829 m (RECORD) s 778 829 m (["$") s 873 829 m (BaseType) s 1074 829 m ("$"]) s 1168 829 m (FieldListSequence) s 1534 829 m (END.) s 146 776 m ($) s 263 776 m (BaseType) s 463 776 m () s 479 776 m (=) s 522 776 m () s 538 776 m (qualident.) s 146 723 m ($) s 263 723 m (FieldListSequence) s 629 723 m () s 644 723 m (=) s 688 723 m () s 703 723 m (FieldList) s 885 723 m ({";") s 967 723 m (FieldList}.) s 146 670 m ($) s 263 670 m (FieldList) s 444 670 m () s 459 670 m (=) s 503 670 m () s 518 670 m ([IdentList) s 727 670 m (":") s 794 670 m (type].) s 146 617 m ($) s 263 617 m (IdentList) s 451 617 m () s 467 617 m (=) s 511 617 m () s 526 617 m (identdef) s 707 617 m ({",") s 790 617 m (identdef}.) s 146 496 m (If) s 189 496 m (a) s 228 496 m (record) s 365 496 m (type) s 462 496 m (is) s 509 496 m (exported,) s 704 496 m (field) s 806 496 m (identifiers) s 1017 496 m (that) s 1115 496 m (are) s 1189 496 m (to) s 1243 496 m (be) s 1305 496 m (visible) s 1442 496 m (outside) s 1602 496 m (the) s 1680 496 m (declaring) s 1876 496 m (module) s 2044 496 m (must) s 2165 496 m (be) s 146 443 m (marked.) s 327 443 m (They) s 437 443 m (are) s 512 443 m (called) s 642 443 m () s 642 443 m (Syntax12i.Scn.Fnt) f (public) s 768 443 m (fields) s 862 443 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (;) s 890 443 m (unmarked) s 1114 443 m (fields) s 1236 443 m (are) s 1311 443 m (called) s 1441 443 m () s 1441 443 m (Syntax12i.Scn.Fnt) f (private) s 1586 443 m (fields.) s 1 p 146 3173 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (Record) s 292 3173 m (types) s 406 3173 m (are) s 477 3173 m (extensible,) s 693 3173 m (i.e.) s 760 3173 m (a) s 796 3173 m (record) s 930 3173 m (type) s 1024 3173 m (can) s 1107 3173 m (be) s 1166 3173 m (defined) s 1327 3173 m (as) s 1382 3173 m (an) s 1445 3173 m (extension) s 1642 3173 m (of) s 1693 3173 m (another) s 1858 3173 m (record) s 1992 3173 m (type.) s 2098 3173 m (In) s 2149 3173 m (the) s 146 3120 m (examples) s 345 3120 m (above,) s 486 3120 m (CenterNode) s 733 3120 m () s 734 3120 m (Syntax12i.Scn.Fnt) f ($directly$) s 918 3120 m (extends) s 1071 3120 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (Node,) s 1203 3120 m (which) s 1340 3120 m (is) s 1386 3120 m (the) s 1462 3120 m () s 1462 3120 m (Syntax12i.Scn.Fnt) f ($direct$) s 1610 3120 m (base) s 1702 3120 m (type) s 1799 3120 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (of) s 1852 3120 m (CenterNode.) s 2110 3120 m (More) s 146 3067 m (specifically,) s 386 3067 m (CenterNode) s 634 3067 m (extends) s 799 3067 m (Node) s 921 3067 m (with) s 1027 3067 m (the) s 1106 3067 m (fields) s 1228 3067 m () s 1228 3067 m (Syntax12i.Scn.Fnt) f (name) s 1346 3067 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (and) s 1441 3067 m () s 1441 3067 m (Syntax12i.Scn.Fnt) f (subnode.) s 146 2947 m (Definition:) s 355 2947 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (A) s 394 2947 m (type) s 489 2947 m (T0) s 552 2947 m () s 552 2947 m (Syntax12i.Scn.Fnt) f (extends) s 701 2947 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (a) s 737 2947 m (type) s 831 2947 m (T,) s 882 2947 m (if) s 922 2947 m (it) s 961 2947 m (equals) s 1103 2947 m (T,) s 1154 2947 m (or) s 1205 2947 m (if) s 1244 2947 m (it) s 1283 2947 m (directly) s 1437 2947 m (extends) s 1598 2947 m (an) s 1661 2947 m (extension) s 1858 2947 m (of) s 1909 2947 m (T.) s 1960 2947 m (Conversely,) s 2188 2947 m (a) s 146 2894 m (type) s 244 2894 m (T) s 287 2894 m (is) s 334 2894 m (a) s 374 2894 m () s 374 2894 m (Syntax12i.Scn.Fnt) f (base) s 468 2894 m (type) s 567 2894 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (of) s 622 2894 m (T0,) s 701 2894 m (if) s 744 2894 m (it) s 787 2894 m (equals) s 933 2894 m (T0,) s 1012 2894 m (or) s 1067 2894 m (if) s 1110 2894 m (it) s 1153 2894 m (is) s 1201 2894 m (the) s 1279 2894 m (direct) s 1405 2894 m (base) s 1512 2894 m (type) s 1610 2894 m (of) s 1665 2894 m (a) s 1705 2894 m (base) s 1811 2894 m (type) s 1909 2894 m (of) s 1964 2894 m (T0.) s 146 2773 m (Examples) s 354 2773 m (of) s 409 2773 m (record) s 547 2773 m (types:) s 240 2665 m (RECORD) s 436 2665 m (day,) s 535 2665 m (month,) s 700 2665 m (year:) s 806 2665 m (INTEGER) s 240 2612 m (END) s 240 2504 m (RECORD) s 240 2451 m () s 255 2451 m () s 271 2451 m () s 287 2451 m () s 302 2451 m (name,) s 444 2451 m (firstname:) s 665 2451 m (ARRAY) s 814 2451 m (32) s 877 2451 m (OF) s 952 2451 m (CHAR;) s 240 2398 m () s 255 2398 m () s 271 2398 m () s 287 2398 m () s 302 2398 m (age:) s 397 2398 m (INTEGER;) s 240 2345 m () s 255 2345 m () s 271 2345 m () s 287 2345 m () s 302 2345 m (salary:) s 444 2345 m (REAL) s 240 2292 m (END) s 146 2142 m (Syntax12b.Scn.Fnt) f (6.4.) s 252 2142 m (Pointer) s 437 2142 m (types) s 146 2022 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (Variables) s 340 2022 m (of) s 393 2022 m (a) s 431 2022 m (pointer) s 586 2022 m (type) s 682 2022 m (P) s 718 2022 m (assume) s 884 2022 m (as) s 940 2022 m (values) s 1075 2022 m (pointers) s 1249 2022 m (to) s 1302 2022 m (variables) s 1488 2022 m (of) s 1540 2022 m (some) s 1659 2022 m (type) s 1754 2022 m (T.) s 1806 2022 m (The) s 1894 2022 m (pointer) s 2048 2022 m (type) s 2144 2022 m (P) s 2180 2022 m (is) s 146 1969 m (said) s 243 1969 m (to) s 297 1969 m (be) s 359 1969 m () s 360 1969 m (Syntax12i.Scn.Fnt) f (bound) s 489 1969 m () s 490 1969 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (to) s 544 1969 m (T,) s 598 1969 m (and) s 691 1969 m (T) s 732 1969 m (is) s 777 1969 m (the) s 854 1969 m () s 854 1969 m (Syntax12i.Scn.Fnt) f (pointer) s 998 1969 m (base) s 1090 1969 m (type) s 1187 1969 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (of) s 1240 1969 m (P.) s 1289 1969 m (T) s 1330 1969 m (must) s 1450 1969 m (be) s 1511 1969 m (a) s 1549 1969 m (record) s 1684 1969 m (or) s 1737 1969 m (array) s 1850 1969 m (type.) s 1958 1969 m (Pointer) s 2109 1969 m (types) s 146 1916 m (inherit) s 288 1916 m (the) s 364 1916 m (extension) s 562 1916 m (relation) s 724 1916 m (of) s 776 1916 m (their) s 879 1916 m (base) s 983 1916 m (types.) s 1110 1916 m (If) s 1150 1916 m (a) s 1186 1916 m (type) s 1282 1916 m (T0) s 1346 1916 m (is) s 1390 1916 m (an) s 1454 1916 m (extension) s 1652 1916 m (of) s 1704 1916 m (T) s 1744 1916 m (and) s 1836 1916 m (P0) s 1896 1916 m (is) s 1940 1916 m (a) s 1976 1916 m (pointer) s 2130 1916 m (type) s 146 1863 m (bound) s 295 1863 m (to) s 350 1863 m (T0,) s 429 1863 m (then) s 535 1863 m (P0) s 598 1863 m (is) s 646 1863 m (also) s 740 1863 m (an) s 807 1863 m (extension) s 1008 1863 m (of) s 1063 1863 m (P.) s 146 1742 m ($) s 263 1742 m (PointerType) s 511 1742 m () s 526 1742 m (=) s 570 1742 m () s 585 1742 m (POINTER) s 790 1742 m (TO) s 869 1742 m (type.) s 146 1622 m (If) s 189 1622 m (p) s 232 1622 m (is) s 279 1622 m (a) s 319 1622 m (variable) s 488 1622 m (of) s 543 1622 m (type) s 642 1622 m (P) s 681 1622 m (=) s 724 1622 m (POINTER) s 929 1622 m (TO) s 1008 1622 m (T,) s 1063 1622 m (then) s 1169 1622 m (a) s 1208 1622 m (call) s 1291 1622 m (of) s 1346 1622 m (the) s 1425 1622 m (predefined) s 1653 1622 m (procedure) s 1866 1622 m (NEW$p$) s 2063 1622 m (has) s 2149 1622 m (the) s 146 1569 m (following) s 344 1569 m (effect) s 464 1569 m ($see) s 557 1569 m (10.2$:) s 685 1569 m (A) s 726 1569 m (variable) s 893 1569 m (of) s 946 1569 m (type) s 1043 1569 m (T) s 1083 1569 m (is) s 1127 1569 m (allocated) s 1317 1569 m (in) s 1369 1569 m (free) s 1453 1569 m (storage,) s 1619 1569 m (and) s 1711 1569 m (a) s 1747 1569 m (pointer) s 1902 1569 m (to) s 1954 1569 m (it) s 1994 1569 m (is) s 2038 1569 m (assigned) s 146 1516 m (to) s 201 1516 m (p.) s 256 1516 m (This) s 357 1516 m (pointer) s 514 1516 m (p) s 556 1516 m (is) s 602 1516 m (of) s 656 1516 m (type) s 754 1516 m (P;) s 804 1516 m (the) s 882 1516 m () s 882 1516 m (Syntax12i.Scn.Fnt) f (referenced) s 1085 1516 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (variable) s 1254 1516 m (p^) s 1323 1516 m (is) s 1370 1516 m (of) s 1424 1516 m (type) s 1521 1516 m (T.) s 1575 1516 m (Failure) s 1724 1516 m (of) s 1778 1516 m (allocation) s 1986 1516 m (results) s 2130 1516 m (in) s 2185 1516 m (p) s 146 1463 m (obtaining) s 351 1463 m (the) s 427 1463 m (value) s 542 1463 m (NIL.) s 637 1463 m (Any) s 725 1463 m (pointer) s 879 1463 m (variable) s 1046 1463 m (may) s 1145 1463 m (be) s 1204 1463 m (assigned) s 1389 1463 m (the) s 1464 1463 m (value) s 1578 1463 m (NIL,) s 1672 1463 m (which) s 1806 1463 m (points) s 1944 1463 m (to) s 1995 1463 m (no) s 2058 1463 m (variable) s 146 1410 m (at) s 201 1410 m (all.) s 275 1410 m () s 146 1260 m (Syntax12b.Scn.Fnt) f (6.5.) s 252 1260 m (Procedure) s 500 1260 m (types) s 146 1140 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (Variables) s 345 1140 m (of) s 403 1140 m (a) s 446 1140 m (procedure) s 660 1140 m (type) s 761 1140 m (T) s 806 1140 m (have) s 914 1140 m (a) s 956 1140 m (procedure) s 1170 1140 m ($or) s 1247 1140 m (NIL$) s 1356 1140 m (as) s 1417 1140 m (value.) s 1549 1140 m (If) s 1594 1140 m (a) s 1635 1140 m (procedure) s 1850 1140 m (P) s 1891 1140 m (is) s 1940 1140 m (assigned) s 2131 1140 m (to) s 2189 1140 m (a) s 146 1087 m (procedure) s 362 1087 m (variable) s 535 1087 m (of) s 595 1087 m (type) s 697 1087 m (T,) s 756 1087 m (the) s 839 1087 m ($types) s 981 1087 m (of) s 1040 1087 m (the$) s 1142 1087 m (formal) s 1296 1087 m (parameters) s 1540 1087 m (of) s 1599 1087 m (P) s 1642 1087 m (must) s 1768 1087 m (be) s 1835 1087 m (the) s 1918 1087 m (same) s 2043 1087 m (as) s 2105 1087 m (those) s 146 1034 m (indicated) s 348 1034 m (in) s 405 1034 m (the) s 486 1034 m (formal) s 638 1034 m (parameters) s 879 1034 m (of) s 935 1034 m (T.) s 991 1034 m (The) s 1083 1034 m (same) s 1206 1034 m (holds) s 1333 1034 m (for) s 1405 1034 m (the) s 1484 1034 m (result) s 1611 1034 m (type) s 1711 1034 m (in) s 1767 1034 m (the) s 1847 1034 m (case) s 1946 1034 m (of) s 2002 1034 m (a) s 2043 1034 m (function) s 146 981 m (procedure) s 366 981 m ($see) s 469 981 m (10.1$.) s 607 981 m (P) s 653 981 m (must) s 782 981 m (not) s 872 981 m (be) s 942 981 m (declared) s 1130 981 m (local) s 1243 981 m (to) s 1305 981 m (another) s 1481 981 m (procedure,) s 1713 981 m (and) s 1814 981 m (neither) s 1975 981 m (can) s 2068 981 m (it) s 2119 981 m (be) s 2189 981 m (a) s 146 928 m (predefined) s 374 928 m (procedure.) s 594 928 m (Syntax10.Scn.Fnt) f () s 146 807 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f ($) s 263 807 m (ProcedureType) s 566 807 m (=) s 609 807 m (PROCEDURE) s 888 807 m ([FormalParameters].) s 146 661 m (Syntax14b.Scn.Fnt) f (7.) s 208 661 m (Variable) s 445 661 m (declarations) s 146 559 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (Variable) s 329 559 m (declarations) s 591 559 m (serve) s 707 559 m (to) s 768 559 m (introduce) s 979 559 m (variables) s 1174 559 m (and) s 1274 559 m (associate) s 1473 559 m (them) s 1601 559 m (with) s 1713 559 m (identifiers) s 1932 559 m (that) s 2036 559 m (must) s 2164 559 m (be) s 146 506 m (unique) s 303 506 m (within) s 449 506 m (the) s 527 506 m (given) s 646 506 m (scope.) s 783 506 m (They) s 894 506 m (also) s 988 506 m (serve) s 1098 506 m (to) s 1153 506 m (associate) s 1346 506 m () s 1362 506 m (fixed) s 1472 506 m (data) s 1579 506 m (types) s 1697 506 m (with) s 1803 506 m (the) s 1882 506 m (variables.) s 146 385 m ($) s 264 385 m (VariableDeclaration) s 669 385 m () s 685 385 m (=) s 728 385 m () s 744 385 m (IdentList) s 933 385 m (":") s 1000 385 m (type.) s 1 p 146 3173 m (Variables) s 349 3173 m (whose) s 498 3173 m (identifiers) s 718 3173 m (appear) s 878 3173 m (in) s 940 3173 m (the) s 1026 3173 m (same) s 1155 3173 m (list) s 1237 3173 m (are) s 1319 3173 m (all) s 1389 3173 m (of) s 1451 3173 m (the) s 1537 3173 m (same) s 1666 3173 m (type.) s 1783 3173 m (Examples) s 1998 3173 m (of) s 2059 3173 m (variable) s 146 3120 m (declarations) s 401 3120 m ($refer) s 523 3120 m (to) s 579 3120 m (examples) s 779 3120 m (in) s 834 3120 m (Ch.) s 917 3120 m (6$:) s 240 3012 m (i,) s 279 3012 m (j,) s 318 3012 m (k:) s 417 3012 m (INTEGER) s 240 2959 m (x,) s 287 2959 m (y:) s 417 2959 m (REAL) s 240 2906 m (p,) s 295 2906 m (q:) s 417 2906 m (BOOLEAN) s 240 2853 m (s:) s 287 2853 m () s 302 2853 m () s 417 2853 m (SET) s 240 2800 m (f:) s 283 2800 m () s 299 2800 m () s 417 2800 m (Function) s 240 2747 m (a:) s 291 2747 m () s 306 2747 m () s 417 2747 m (ARRAY) s 566 2747 m (100) s 653 2747 m (OF) s 728 2747 m (REAL) s 240 2694 m (w:) s 302 2694 m () s 318 2694 m () s 417 2694 m (ARRAY) s 566 2694 m (16) s 629 2694 m (OF) s 240 2641 m () s 255 2641 m () s 271 2641 m () s 287 2641 m () s 302 2641 m () s 417 2641 m () s 432 2641 m () s 448 2641 m () s 464 2641 m (RECORD) s 661 2641 m (ch:) s 735 2641 m (CHAR;) s 240 2588 m () s 255 2588 m () s 271 2588 m () s 287 2588 m () s 302 2588 m () s 417 2588 m () s 432 2588 m () s 448 2588 m () s 464 2588 m () s 479 2588 m () s 495 2588 m () s 511 2588 m (count:) s 653 2588 m (INTEGER) s 240 2535 m () s 255 2535 m () s 271 2535 m () s 287 2535 m () s 302 2535 m () s 417 2535 m () s 432 2535 m () s 448 2535 m () s 464 2535 m (END) s 240 2482 m (t:) s 417 2482 m (Tree) s 146 2336 m (Syntax14b.Scn.Fnt) f (8.) s 208 2336 m (Expressions) s 146 2234 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (Expressions) s 400 2234 m (are) s 480 2234 m (constructs) s 707 2234 m (denoting) s 906 2234 m (rules) s 1022 2234 m (of) s 1083 2234 m (computation) s 1365 2234 m (whereby) s 1552 2234 m (constants) s 1766 2234 m (and) s 1867 2234 m (current) s 2029 2234 m (values) s 2172 2234 m (of) s 146 2181 m (variables) s 334 2181 m (are) s 409 2181 m (combined) s 626 2181 m (to) s 681 2181 m (derive) s 811 2181 m (other) s 929 2181 m (values) s 1067 2181 m (by) s 1130 2181 m (the) s 1208 2181 m (application) s 1449 2181 m (of) s 1504 2181 m (operators) s 1705 2181 m (and) s 1799 2181 m (function) s 1984 2181 m (procedures.) s 146 2128 m (Expressions) s 392 2128 m (consist) s 543 2128 m (of) s 596 2128 m (operands) s 794 2128 m (and) s 885 2128 m (operators.) s 1095 2128 m (Parentheses) s 1340 2128 m (may) s 1439 2128 m (be) s 1499 2128 m (used) s 1607 2128 m (to) s 1659 2128 m (express) s 1813 2128 m (specific) s 1972 2128 m (associations) s 146 2075 m (of) s 201 2075 m (operators) s 401 2075 m (and) s 496 2075 m (operands.) s 708 2075 m () s 146 1937 m (Syntax12b.Scn.Fnt) f (8.1.) s 252 1937 m (Operands) s 146 1835 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (With) s 275 1835 m (the) s 360 1835 m (exception) s 568 1835 m (of) s 630 1835 m (sets) s 728 1835 m (and) s 829 1835 m (literal) s 962 1835 m (constants,) s 1190 1835 m (i.e.) s 1268 1835 m (numbers) s 1471 1835 m (and) s 1573 1835 m (character) s 1777 1835 m (strings,) s 1945 1835 m (operands) s 2153 1835 m (are) s 146 1782 m (denoted) s 330 1782 m (by) s 400 1782 m () s 400 1782 m (Syntax12i.Scn.Fnt) f (designators.) s 643 1782 m () s 643 1782 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (A) s 693 1782 m (designator) s 925 1782 m (consists) s 1105 1782 m (of) s 1167 1782 m (an) s 1241 1782 m (identifier) s 1441 1782 m (referring) s 1629 1782 m (to) s 1691 1782 m (the) s 1777 1782 m (constant,) s 1985 1782 m (variable,) s 2173 1782 m (or) s 146 1729 m (procedure) s 359 1729 m (to) s 415 1729 m (be) s 479 1729 m (designated.) s 724 1729 m (This) s 828 1729 m (identifier) s 1022 1729 m (may) s 1125 1729 m (possibly) s 1303 1729 m (be) s 1367 1729 m (qualified) s 1561 1729 m (by) s 1625 1729 m (module) s 1795 1729 m (identifiers) s 2009 1729 m ($see) s 2104 1729 m (Ch.) s 2188 1729 m (4) s 146 1676 m (and) s 240 1676 m (11$,) s 334 1676 m (and) s 429 1676 m (it) s 472 1676 m (may) s 575 1676 m (be) s 638 1676 m (followed) s 823 1676 m (by) s 886 1676 m (selectors,) s 1079 1676 m (if) s 1122 1676 m (the) s 1201 1676 m (designated) s 1433 1676 m (object) s 1567 1676 m (is) s 1614 1676 m (an) s 1681 1676 m (element) s 1854 1676 m (of) s 1909 1676 m (a) s 1949 1676 m (structure.) s 146 1585 m (If) s 191 1585 m (A) s 236 1585 m (designates) s 463 1585 m (an) s 531 1585 m (array,) s 658 1585 m (then) s 766 1585 m (A[E]) s 877 1585 m (denotes) s 1047 1585 m (that) s 1147 1585 m (element) s 1321 1585 m (of) s 1377 1585 m (A) s 1421 1585 m (whose) s 1564 1585 m (index) s 1687 1585 m (is) s 1735 1585 m (the) s 1815 1585 m (current) s 1974 1585 m (value) s 2093 1585 m (of) s 2149 1585 m (the) s 146 1532 m (expression) s 364 1532 m (E.) s 417 1532 m (The) s 506 1532 m (type) s 602 1532 m (of) s 655 1532 m (E) s 696 1532 m (must) s 816 1532 m (be) s 876 1532 m (an) s 939 1532 m (integer) s 1086 1532 m (type.) s 1193 1532 m (A) s 1234 1532 m (designator) s 1455 1532 m (of) s 1507 1532 m (the) s 1583 1532 m (form) s 1694 1532 m () s 1707 1532 m (A[E1,) s 1830 1532 m (E2,) s 1906 1532 m (...) s 1954 1532 m (,) s 1978 1532 m (En]) s 2066 1532 m (stands) s 2212 1532 m () s 146 1479 m (for) s 214 1479 m () s 228 1479 m (A[E1][E2]) s 451 1479 m (...) s 500 1479 m ([En].) s 620 1479 m (If) s 661 1479 m (p) s 702 1479 m (designates) s 925 1479 m (a) s 962 1479 m (pointer) s 1118 1479 m (variable,) s 1296 1479 m (p^) s 1364 1479 m (denotes) s 1530 1479 m (the) s 1606 1479 m (variable) s 1772 1479 m (which) s 1907 1479 m (is) s 1951 1479 m (referenced) s 2164 1479 m (by) s 146 1426 m (p.) s 198 1426 m (If) s 238 1426 m (r) s 266 1426 m (designates) s 488 1426 m (a) s 524 1426 m (record,) s 671 1426 m (then) s 774 1426 m (r.f) s 830 1426 m (denotes) s 996 1426 m (the) s 1072 1426 m (field) s 1172 1426 m (f) s 1200 1426 m (of) s 1252 1426 m (r.) s 1291 1426 m (If) s 1331 1426 m (p) s 1370 1426 m (designates) s 1591 1426 m (a) s 1626 1426 m (pointer,) s 1791 1426 m (p.f) s 1858 1426 m (denotes) s 2023 1426 m (the) s 2098 1426 m (field) s 2196 1426 m (f) s 146 1373 m (of) s 198 1373 m (the) s 273 1373 m (record) s 408 1373 m (p^,) s 488 1373 m (i.e.) s 556 1373 m (the) s 630 1373 m (dot) s 709 1373 m (implies) s 867 1373 m (dereferencing) s 1142 1373 m (and) s 1233 1373 m (p.f) s 1299 1373 m (stands) s 1445 1373 m (for) s 1512 1373 m (p^.f,) s 1618 1373 m (and) s 1709 1373 m (p[E]) s 1815 1373 m (denotes) s 1980 1373 m (the) s 2055 1373 m (element) s 146 1320 m (of) s 201 1320 m (p^) s 271 1320 m (with) s 378 1320 m (index) s 500 1320 m (E.) s 146 1200 m (The) s 236 1200 m () s 237 1200 m (Syntax12i.Scn.Fnt) f (typeguard) s 446 1200 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (v$T0$) s 572 1200 m (asserts) s 721 1200 m (that) s 820 1200 m (v) s 855 1200 m (is) s 902 1200 m (of) s 958 1200 m (type) s 1055 1200 m (T0,) s 1133 1200 m (i.e.) s 1203 1200 m (it) s 1245 1200 m (aborts) s 1386 1200 m (program) s 1574 1200 m (execution,) s 1785 1200 m (if) s 1827 1200 m (it) s 1870 1200 m (is) s 1916 1200 m (not) s 1998 1200 m (of) s 2052 1200 m (type) s 2149 1200 m (T0.) s 146 1147 m (The) s 236 1147 m (guard) s 370 1147 m (is) s 417 1147 m (applicable,) s 649 1147 m (if) s 193 1044 m (1.) s 276 1044 m (T0) s 342 1044 m (is) s 390 1044 m (an) s 457 1044 m (extension) s 657 1044 m (of) s 713 1044 m (the) s 791 1044 m (declared) s 972 1044 m (type) s 1071 1044 m (T) s 1114 1044 m (of) s 1169 1044 m (v,) s 1216 1044 m (and) s 1311 1044 m (if) s 193 954 m (2.) s 276 954 m (v) s 311 954 m (is) s 358 954 m (a) s 398 954 m (variable) s 567 954 m (parameter) s 787 954 m (of) s 842 954 m (record) s 980 954 m (type) s 1079 954 m (or) s 1134 954 m (v) s 1169 954 m (is) s 1216 954 m (a) s 1256 954 m (pointer.) s 146 833 m ($) s 263 833 m (designator) s 487 833 m () s 503 833 m (=) s 546 833 m () s 562 833 m (qualident) s 770 833 m ({".") s 853 833 m (ident) s 971 833 m (\|) s 999 833 m ("[") s 1074 833 m (ExpList) s 1235 833 m ("]") s 1310 833 m (\|) s 1337 833 m ("$") s 1412 833 m (qualident) s 1621 833 m ("$") s 1696 833 m (\|) s 1723 833 m ("^") s 1806 833 m (}.) s 146 780 m ($) s 263 780 m (ExpList) s 424 780 m () s 440 780 m (=) s 483 780 m () s 499 780 m (expression) s 719 780 m ({",") s 802 780 m (expression}.) s 146 660 m (If) s 192 660 m (the) s 274 660 m (designated) s 509 660 m (object) s 646 660 m (is) s 696 660 m (a) s 738 660 m (variable,) s 922 660 m (then) s 1032 660 m (the) s 1113 660 m (designator) s 1341 660 m (refers) s 1466 660 m (to) s 1524 660 m (the) s 1606 660 m (variable's) s 1810 660 m (current) s 1970 660 m (value.) s 2103 660 m (If) s 2149 660 m (the) s 146 607 m (object) s 279 607 m (is) s 327 607 m (a) s 365 607 m (procedure,) s 588 607 m (a) s 627 607 m (designator) s 850 607 m (without) s 1022 607 m (parameter) s 1242 607 m (list) s 1316 607 m (refers) s 1437 607 m (to) s 1491 607 m (that) s 1588 607 m (procedure.) s 1812 607 m (If) s 1854 607 m (it) s 1896 607 m (is) s 1943 607 m (followed) s 2127 607 m (by) s 2189 607 m (a) s 146 554 m ($possibly) s 344 554 m (empty$) s 507 554 m (parameter) s 728 554 m (list,) s 816 554 m (the) s 896 554 m (designator) s 1121 554 m (implies) s 1283 554 m (an) s 1351 554 m (activation) s 1561 554 m (of) s 1617 554 m (the) s 1697 554 m (procedure) s 1910 554 m (and) s 2006 554 m (stands) s 2157 554 m (for) s 146 501 m (the) s 228 501 m (value) s 350 501 m (resulting) s 543 501 m (from) s 662 501 m (its) s 728 501 m (execution.) s 945 501 m (The) s 1040 501 m ($types) s 1181 501 m (of) s 1241 501 m (the$) s 1343 501 m (actual) s 1484 501 m (parameters) s 1727 501 m (must) s 1852 501 m (correspond) s 2091 501 m (to) s 2149 501 m (the) s 146 448 m (formal) s 295 448 m (parameters) s 535 448 m (as) s 594 448 m (specified) s 783 448 m (in) s 838 448 m (the) s 917 448 m (procedure's) s 1161 448 m (declaration) s 1397 448 m ($see) s 1492 448 m (Ch.) s 1575 448 m (10$.) s 146 327 m (Examples) s 354 327 m (of) s 409 327 m (designators) s 653 327 m ($see) s 748 327 m (examples) s 949 327 m (in) s 1004 327 m (Ch.) s 1086 327 m (7$:) s 1 p 240 3173 m (i) s 771 3173 m ($INTEGER$) s 240 3120 m (a[i]) s 771 3120 m ($REAL$) s 240 3067 m (w[3].ch) s 771 3067 m ($CHAR$) s 240 3014 m (t.key) s 771 3014 m ($INTEGER$) s 240 2961 m (t.left.right) s 771 2961 m ($Tree$) s 240 2908 m (t$CenterNode$.subnode) s 771 2908 m ($Tree$) s 146 2770 m (Syntax12b.Scn.Fnt) f (8.2.) s 252 2770 m (Operators) s 146 2668 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (The) s 240 2668 m (syntax) s 386 2668 m (of) s 445 2668 m (expressions) s 689 2668 m (distinguishes) s 973 2668 m (between) s 1158 2668 m (four) s 1260 2668 m (classes) s 1414 2668 m (of) s 1473 2668 m (operators) s 1678 2668 m (with) s 1788 2668 m (different) s 1976 2668 m (precedences) s 146 2615 m ($binding) s 339 2615 m (strengths$.) s 573 2615 m (The) s 664 2615 m (operator) s 846 2615 m (~) s 891 2615 m (has) s 978 2615 m (the) s 1058 2615 m (highest) s 1220 2615 m (precedence,) s 1466 2615 m (followed) s 1652 2615 m (by) s 1716 2615 m (multiplication) s 2015 2615 m (operators,) s 146 2562 m (addition) s 335 2562 m (operators,) s 551 2562 m (and) s 650 2562 m (relations.) s 850 2562 m (Operators) s 1067 2562 m (of) s 1126 2562 m (the) s 1209 2562 m (same) s 1335 2562 m (precedence) s 1571 2562 m (associate) s 1767 2562 m (from) s 1884 2562 m (left) s 1966 2562 m (to) s 2024 2562 m (right.) s 2149 2562 m (For) s 146 2509 m (example,) s 338 2509 m (x-y-z) s 468 2509 m (stands) s 618 2509 m (for) s 689 2509 m ($x-y$-z.) s 146 2388 m ($) s 263 2388 m (expression) s 483 2388 m () s 499 2388 m (=) s 542 2388 m () s 558 2388 m (SimpleExpression) s 924 2388 m ([relation) s 1109 2388 m (SimpleExpression].) s 146 2335 m ($) s 263 2335 m (relation) s 428 2335 m () s 444 2335 m (=) s 487 2335 m () s 503 2335 m ("=") s 585 2335 m (\|) s 613 2335 m ("#") s 696 2335 m (\|) s 723 2335 m ("<") s 806 2335 m (\|) s 833 2335 m ("<=") s 944 2335 m (\|) s 971 2335 m (">") s 1054 2335 m (\|) s 1081 2335 m (">=") s 1192 2335 m (\|) s 1219 2335 m (IN) s 1282 2335 m (\|) s 1310 2335 m (IS.) s 146 2282 m ($) s 263 2282 m (SimpleExpression) s 629 2282 m () s 644 2282 m (=) s 688 2282 m () s 703 2282 m (["+"\|"-"]) s 904 2282 m (term) s 1014 2282 m ({AddOperator) s 1306 2282 m (term}.) s 146 2229 m ($) s 263 2229 m (AddOperator) s 538 2229 m () s 554 2229 m (=) s 597 2229 m () s 613 2229 m ("+") s 696 2229 m (\|) s 723 2229 m ("-") s 806 2229 m (\|) s 833 2229 m (OR) s 912 2229 m (.) s 146 2176 m ($) s 263 2176 m (term) s 373 2176 m () s 388 2176 m (=) s 432 2176 m () s 448 2176 m (factor) s 577 2176 m ({MulOperator) s 869 2176 m (factor}.) s 146 2123 m ($) s 263 2123 m (MulOperator) s 538 2123 m () s 554 2123 m (=) s 597 2123 m () s 613 2123 m ("") s 696 2123 m (\|) s 723 2123 m ("/") s 798 2123 m (\|) s 825 2123 m (DIV) s 916 2123 m (\|) s 944 2123 m (MOD) s 1074 2123 m (\|) s 1101 2123 m ("&") s 1184 2123 m (.) s 146 2070 m ($) s 263 2070 m (factor) s 392 2070 m () s 408 2070 m (=) s 451 2070 m () s 467 2070 m (number) s 644 2070 m (\|) s 672 2070 m (CharConstant) s 963 2070 m (\|) s 991 2070 m (string) s 1121 2070 m (\|) s 1148 2070 m (NIL) s 1235 2070 m (\|) s 1263 2070 m (set) s 1333 2070 m (\|) s 146 2017 m ($) s 381 2017 m (designator) s 605 2017 m ([ActualParameters]) s 1006 2017 m (\|) s 1034 2017 m ("$") s 1109 2017 m (expression) s 1329 2017 m ("$") s 1404 2017 m (\|) s 1432 2017 m ("~") s 1514 2017 m (factor.) s 146 1964 m ($) s 263 1964 m (set) s 333 1964 m () s 349 1964 m (=) s 392 1964 m () s 408 1964 m ("{") s 479 1964 m ([element) s 672 1964 m ({",") s 755 1964 m (element}]) s 963 1964 m ("}".) s 146 1911 m ($) s 263 1911 m (element) s 436 1911 m () s 451 1911 m (=) s 495 1911 m () s 511 1911 m (expression) s 731 1911 m (["..") s 829 1911 m (expression].) s 146 1858 m ($) s 263 1858 m (ActualParameters) s 625 1858 m () s 640 1858 m (=) s 684 1858 m () s 700 1858 m ("$") s 774 1858 m ([ExpList]) s 975 1858 m ("$") s 1050 1858 m (.) s 146 1738 m (The) s 234 1738 m (available) s 421 1738 m (operators) s 620 1738 m (are) s 693 1738 m (listed) s 813 1738 m (in) s 866 1738 m (the) s 943 1738 m (following) s 1141 1738 m (tables.) s 1285 1738 m () s 1298 1738 m (In) s 1350 1738 m (some) s 1469 1738 m (instances,) s 1678 1738 m (several) s 1821 1738 m (different) s 2003 1738 m (operations) s 146 1685 m (are) s 222 1685 m (designated) s 457 1685 m (by) s 522 1685 m (the) s 602 1685 m (same) s 726 1685 m (operator) s 909 1685 m (symbol.) s 1084 1685 m () s 1100 1685 m (In) s 1157 1685 m (these) s 1276 1685 m (cases,) s 1407 1685 m (the) s 1486 1685 m (actual) s 1625 1685 m (operation) s 1831 1685 m (is) s 1879 1685 m (identified) s 2085 1685 m (by) s 2149 1685 m (the) s 146 1632 m (type) s 244 1632 m (of) s 299 1632 m (the) s 378 1632 m (operands.) s 146 1511 m (Syntax12i.Scn.Fnt) f (8.2.1.) s 275 1511 m (Logical) s 421 1511 m (operators) s 240 1403 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (symbol) s 417 1403 m (result) s 240 1313 m () s 255 1313 m () s 271 1313 m (OR) s 350 1313 m () s 365 1313 m () s 417 1313 m (logical) s 558 1313 m (disjunction) s 240 1260 m () s 255 1260 m () s 271 1260 m (&) s 314 1260 m () s 417 1260 m (logical) s 558 1260 m (conjunction) s 240 1207 m () s 255 1207 m () s 271 1207 m (~) s 314 1207 m () s 417 1207 m (negation) s 146 1086 m (These) s 275 1086 m (operators) s 476 1086 m (apply) s 602 1086 m (to) s 657 1086 m (BOOLEAN) s 886 1086 m (operands) s 1086 1086 m (and) s 1181 1086 m (yield) s 1287 1086 m (a) s 1327 1086 m (BOOLEAN) s 1555 1086 m (result.) s 1693 1086 m () s 1708 1086 m () s 1724 1086 m () s 240 978 m (p) s 283 978 m (OR) s 362 978 m (q) s 476 978 m (stands) s 625 978 m (for) s 712 978 m ("if) s 774 978 m (p) s 818 978 m (then) s 924 978 m (TRUE,) s 1066 978 m (else) s 1152 978 m (q") s 240 925 m (p) s 283 925 m (&) s 326 925 m (q) s 476 925 m (stands) s 625 925 m (for) s 712 925 m ("if) s 774 925 m (p) s 818 925 m (then) s 924 925 m (q,) s 979 925 m (else) s 1066 925 m (FALSE") s 240 872 m (~) s 283 872 m (p) s 476 872 m (stands) s 625 872 m (for) s 712 872 m ("not) s 814 872 m (p") s 146 751 m (Syntax12i.Scn.Fnt) f (8.2.2.) s 275 751 m (Arithmetic) s 480 751 m (operators) s 240 643 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (symbol) s 417 643 m (result) s 542 643 m () s 558 643 m () s 574 643 m () s 590 643 m () s 240 553 m () s 255 553 m () s 271 553 m (+) s 314 553 m () s 330 553 m () s 417 553 m (sum) s 240 500 m () s 255 500 m () s 271 500 m (-) s 314 500 m () s 330 500 m () s 417 500 m (difference) s 240 447 m () s 255 447 m () s 271 447 m () s 314 447 m () s 330 447 m () s 417 447 m (product) s 240 394 m () s 255 394 m () s 271 394 m (/) s 417 394 m (quotient) s 240 341 m () s 255 341 m (DIV) s 346 341 m () s 417 341 m (integer) s 566 341 m (quotient) s 240 288 m () s 255 288 m (MOD) s 385 288 m () s 417 288 m (modulus) s 1 p 146 3173 m (The) s 233 3173 m (operators) s 431 3173 m (+,) s 483 3173 m (-,) s 535 3173 m (,) s 587 3173 m (and) s 679 3173 m (/) s 711 3173 m (apply) s 834 3173 m (to) s 886 3173 m (operands) s 1083 3173 m (of) s 1134 3173 m (numeric) s 1311 3173 m (types.) s 1437 3173 m () s 1449 3173 m (The) s 1535 3173 m (type) s 1630 3173 m (of) s 1681 3173 m (the) s 1756 3173 m (result) s 1878 3173 m (is) s 1921 3173 m (that) s 2015 3173 m (operand's) s 146 3120 m (type) s 246 3120 m (which) s 386 3120 m (includes) s 569 3120 m (the) s 650 3120 m (other) s 770 3120 m (operand's) s 984 3120 m (type,) s 1097 3120 m (except) s 1236 3120 m (for) s 1309 3120 m (division) s 1480 3120 m ($/$,) s 1569 3120 m (where) s 1705 3120 m (the) s 1786 3120 m (result) s 1914 3120 m (is) s 1962 3120 m (the) s 2042 3120 m (real) s 2129 3120 m (type) s 146 3067 m (which) s 287 3067 m (includes) s 472 3067 m (both) s 587 3067 m (operand) s 772 3067 m (types.) s 906 3067 m (When) s 1051 3067 m (used) s 1165 3067 m (as) s 1227 3067 m (operators) s 1430 3067 m (with) s 1540 3067 m (a) s 1582 3067 m (single) s 1715 3067 m (operand,) s 1911 3067 m (-) s 1957 3067 m (denotes) s 2130 3067 m (sign) s 146 3014 m (inversion) s 338 3014 m (and) s 433 3014 m (+) s 476 3014 m (denotes) s 646 3014 m (the) s 724 3014 m (identity) s 890 3014 m (operation.) s 146 2924 m (The) s 234 2924 m (operators) s 433 2924 m (DIV) s 521 2924 m (and) s 614 2924 m (MOD) s 742 2924 m (apply) s 866 2924 m (to) s 919 2924 m (integer) s 1067 2924 m (operands) s 1264 2924 m (only.) s 1372 2924 m (They) s 1479 2924 m (are) s 1551 2924 m (related) s 1697 2924 m (by) s 1757 2924 m (the) s 1833 2924 m (following) s 2031 2924 m (formulas) s 146 2871 m (defined) s 311 2871 m (for) s 382 2871 m (any) s 468 2871 m (dividend) s 657 2871 m (x) s 693 2871 m (and) s 787 2871 m (positive) s 953 2871 m (divisors) s 1118 2871 m (y:) s 240 2762 m (x) s 275 2762 m () s 291 2762 m (=) s 334 2762 m () s 350 2762 m ($x) s 405 2762 m (DIV) s 495 2762 m (y$) s 551 2762 m () s 594 2762 m (y) s 629 2762 m () s 645 2762 m (+) s 688 2762 m () s 704 2762 m ($x) s 759 2762 m (MOD) s 889 2762 m (y$) s 240 2709 m (0) s 279 2709 m (<=) s 350 2709 m ($x) s 405 2709 m (MOD) s 535 2709 m (y$) s 590 2709 m (<) s 633 2709 m (y) s 240 2572 m (.) s 146 2451 m (Syntax12i.Scn.Fnt) f (8.2.3.) s 275 2451 m () s 287 2451 m (Set) s 354 2451 m (operators) s 240 2343 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (symbol) s 417 2343 m (result) s 542 2343 m () s 558 2343 m () s 574 2343 m () s 590 2343 m () s 605 2343 m () s 621 2343 m () s 240 2252 m () s 255 2252 m () s 271 2252 m (+) s 314 2252 m () s 417 2252 m (union) s 240 2199 m () s 255 2199 m () s 271 2199 m (-) s 314 2199 m () s 417 2199 m (difference) s 240 2146 m () s 255 2146 m () s 271 2146 m () s 314 2146 m () s 417 2146 m (intersection) s 240 2093 m () s 255 2093 m () s 271 2093 m (/) s 306 2093 m () s 417 2093 m (symmetric) s 641 2093 m (set) s 712 2093 m (difference) s 146 1973 m (The) s 233 1973 m (monadic) s 423 1973 m (minus) s 566 1973 m (sign) s 661 1973 m (denotes) s 827 1973 m (the) s 903 1973 m (complement) s 1168 1973 m (of) s 1220 1973 m (x,) s 1264 1973 m (i.e.) s 1332 1973 m (-x) s 1392 1973 m (denotes) s 1558 1973 m (the) s 1634 1973 m (set) s 1702 1973 m (of) s 1754 1973 m (integers) s 1920 1973 m (between) s 2097 1973 m (0) s 2133 1973 m (and) s 146 1920 m (MAX$SET$) s 378 1920 m (which) s 516 1920 m (are) s 590 1920 m (not) s 673 1920 m (elements) s 866 1920 m (of) s 921 1920 m (x.) s 968 1920 m () s 240 1812 m (x) s 275 1812 m (-) s 318 1812 m (y) s 417 1812 m (=) s 460 1812 m () s 476 1812 m (x) s 511 1812 m () s 554 1812 m ($-y$) s 240 1759 m (x) s 275 1759 m (/) s 310 1759 m (y) s 417 1759 m (=) s 460 1759 m () s 476 1759 m ($x-y$) s 598 1759 m (+) s 641 1759 m ($y-x$) s 146 1638 m (Syntax12i.Scn.Fnt) f (8.2.4.) s 275 1638 m (Relations) s 240 1530 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (symbol) s 417 1530 m (relation) s 582 1530 m () s 598 1530 m () s 613 1530 m () s 629 1530 m () s 645 1530 m () s 661 1530 m () s 676 1530 m () s 692 1530 m () s 708 1530 m () s 724 1530 m () s 240 1439 m () s 255 1439 m () s 271 1439 m (=) s 314 1439 m () s 330 1439 m () s 417 1439 m (equal) s 240 1386 m () s 255 1386 m () s 271 1386 m (#) s 314 1386 m () s 330 1386 m () s 417 1386 m (unequal) s 240 1333 m () s 255 1333 m () s 271 1333 m (<) s 314 1333 m () s 330 1333 m () s 417 1333 m (less) s 240 1280 m () s 255 1280 m () s 271 1280 m (<=) s 342 1280 m () s 417 1280 m (less) s 503 1280 m (or) s 558 1280 m (equal) s 240 1227 m () s 255 1227 m () s 271 1227 m (>) s 314 1227 m () s 330 1227 m () s 417 1227 m (greater) s 240 1174 m () s 255 1174 m () s 271 1174 m (>=) s 342 1174 m () s 417 1174 m (greater) s 566 1174 m (or) s 621 1174 m (equal) s 240 1121 m () s 255 1121 m () s 271 1121 m (IN) s 334 1121 m () s 417 1121 m (set) s 487 1121 m (membership) s 240 1068 m () s 255 1068 m () s 271 1068 m (IS) s 417 1068 m (type) s 515 1068 m (test) s 146 948 m (Relations) s 343 948 m (are) s 419 948 m (Boolean.) s 605 948 m (The) s 696 948 m (ordering) s 877 948 m (relations) s 1062 948 m (<,) s 1117 948 m (<=,) s 1200 948 m (>,) s 1255 948 m (and) s 1349 948 m (>=) s 1420 948 m (apply) s 1546 948 m (to) s 1601 948 m (the) s 1680 948 m (numeric) s 1861 948 m (types,) s 1991 948 m (CHAR,) s 2133 948 m (and) s 146 895 m (character) s 343 895 m (arrays) s 478 895 m ($strings$.) s 680 895 m (The) s 772 895 m (relations) s 958 895 m (=) s 1002 895 m (and) s 1097 895 m (#) s 1142 895 m (also) s 1237 895 m (apply) s 1364 895 m (to) s 1420 895 m (the) s 1499 895 m (type) s 1597 895 m (BOOLEAN) s 1826 895 m (and) s 1920 895 m (to) s 1975 895 m (set,) s 2058 895 m (pointer,) s 146 842 m (and) s 238 842 m (procedure) s 449 842 m (types.) s 573 842 m (Syntax10.Scn.Fnt) f () s 574 842 m (Syntax12i.Scn.Fnt) f (x) s 603 842 m (IN) s 656 842 m (s) s 686 842 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f () s 699 842 m (stands) s 847 842 m (for) s 916 842 m ("x) s 969 842 m (is) s 1014 842 m (an) s 1079 842 m (element) s 1250 842 m (of) s 1304 842 m (s".) s 1368 842 m (x) s 1402 842 m (must) s 1522 842 m (be) s 1583 842 m (of) s 1635 842 m (an) s 1699 842 m (integer) s 1846 842 m (type,) s 1953 842 m (and) s 2044 842 m (s) s 2077 842 m (of) s 2129 842 m (type) s 146 789 m (SET.) s 248 789 m (Syntax10.Scn.Fnt) f () s 248 789 m (Syntax12i.Scn.Fnt) f (v) s 283 789 m (IS) s 327 789 m (T) s 366 789 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (stands) s 516 789 m (for) s 586 789 m ("v) s 642 789 m (is) s 689 789 m (of) s 744 789 m (type) s 842 789 m (T") s 905 789 m (and) s 1000 789 m (is) s 1047 789 m (called) s 1177 789 m (a) s 1216 789 m () s 1216 789 m (Syntax12i.Scn.Fnt) f (type) s 1311 789 m (test.) s 1405 789 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (It) s 1449 789 m (is) s 1496 789 m (applicable,) s 1728 789 m (if) s 205 686 m (1.) s 287 686 m (T) s 330 686 m (is) s 377 686 m (an) s 444 686 m (extension) s 645 686 m (of) s 700 686 m (the) s 779 686 m (declared) s 960 686 m (type) s 1058 686 m (T0) s 1125 686 m (of) s 1180 686 m (v,) s 1227 686 m (and) s 1322 686 m (if) s 205 596 m (2.) s 287 596 m (v) s 322 596 m (is) s 369 596 m (a) s 409 596 m (variable) s 578 596 m (parameter) s 798 596 m (of) s 853 596 m (record) s 991 596 m (type) s 1090 596 m (or) s 1145 596 m (v) s 1180 596 m (is) s 1227 596 m (a) s 1267 596 m (pointer.) s 146 475 m (Assuming,) s 372 475 m (for) s 441 475 m (instance,) s 632 475 m (that) s 728 475 m (T) s 769 475 m (is) s 815 475 m (an) s 880 475 m (extension) s 1078 475 m (of) s 1131 475 m (T0) s 1196 475 m (and) s 1289 475 m (that) s 1385 475 m (v) s 1418 475 m (is) s 1462 475 m (a) s 1498 475 m (designator) s 1720 475 m (declared) s 1898 475 m (of) s 1950 475 m (type) s 2045 475 m (T0,) s 2121 475 m (then) s 146 422 m (the) s 221 422 m (test) s 305 422 m ("v) s 357 422 m (IS) s 405 422 m (T") s 465 422 m (determines) s 698 422 m (whether) s 873 422 m (the) s 948 422 m (actually) s 1115 422 m (designated) s 1344 422 m (variable) s 1510 422 m (is) s 1554 422 m ($not) s 1654 422 m (only) s 1748 422 m (a) s 1784 422 m (T0,) s 1858 422 m (but) s 1941 422 m (also$) s 2051 422 m (a) s 2086 422 m (T.) s 2138 422 m (The) s 146 369 m (value) s 264 369 m (of) s 319 369 m (NIL) s 405 369 m (IS) s 457 369 m (T) s 500 369 m (is) s 547 369 m (undefined.) s 1 p 146 3173 m (Examples) s 354 3173 m (of) s 409 3173 m (expressions) s 649 3173 m ($refer) s 771 3173 m (to) s 827 3173 m (examples) s 1027 3173 m (in) s 1083 3173 m (Ch.) s 1165 3173 m (7$:) s 240 3065 m (1987) s 647 3065 m ($INTEGER$) s 240 3012 m (i) s 267 3012 m (DIV) s 358 3012 m (3) s 647 3012 m ($INTEGER$) s 240 2959 m (~p) s 310 2959 m (OR) s 389 2959 m (q) s 432 2959 m () s 647 2959 m ($BOOLEAN$) s 240 2906 m ($i+j$) s 346 2906 m () s 389 2906 m ($i-j$) s 495 2906 m () s 647 2906 m ($INTEGER$) s 240 2853 m (s) s 275 2853 m (-) s 318 2853 m ({8,) s 385 2853 m (9,) s 436 2853 m (13}) s 515 2853 m () s 647 2853 m ($SET$) s 240 2800 m (i) s 267 2800 m (+) s 310 2800 m (x) s 346 2800 m () s 647 2800 m ($REAL$) s 240 2747 m (a[i+j]) s 369 2747 m () s 413 2747 m (a[i-j]) s 543 2747 m () s 647 2747 m ($REAL$) s 240 2694 m ($0<=i$) s 385 2694 m (&) s 428 2694 m ($i<100$) s 594 2694 m () s 647 2694 m ($BOOLEAN$) s 240 2641 m (t.key) s 346 2641 m (=) s 389 2641 m (0) s 428 2641 m () s 647 2641 m ($BOOLEAN$) s 240 2588 m (k) s 279 2588 m (IN) s 342 2588 m ({i) s 385 2588 m (..) s 425 2588 m (j-1}) s 647 2588 m ($BOOLEAN$) s 240 2535 m (t) s 271 2535 m (IS) s 322 2535 m (CenterNode) s 647 2535 m ($BOOLEAN$) s 146 2389 m (Syntax14b.Scn.Fnt) f (9.) s 208 2389 m (Statements) s 146 2287 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (Statements) s 384 2287 m (denote) s 531 2287 m (actions.) s 699 2287 m (There) s 823 2287 m (are) s 895 2287 m (elementary) s 1126 2287 m (and) s 1218 2287 m (structured) s 1437 2287 m (statements.) s 1683 2287 m (Elementary) s 1920 2287 m (statements) s 2153 2287 m (are) s 146 2234 m (not) s 226 2234 m (composed) s 444 2234 m (of) s 496 2234 m (any) s 579 2234 m (parts) s 694 2234 m (that) s 790 2234 m (are) s 862 2234 m (themselves) s 1091 2234 m (statements.) s 1336 2234 m (They) s 1443 2234 m (are) s 1515 2234 m (the) s 1591 2234 m (assignment,) s 1848 2234 m (the) s 1923 2234 m (procedure) s 2133 2234 m (call,) s 146 2181 m (and) s 241 2181 m (the) s 321 2181 m (return) s 460 2181 m (and) s 555 2181 m (exit) s 639 2181 m (statements.) s 888 2181 m (Structured) s 1113 2181 m (statements) s 1350 2181 m (are) s 1426 2181 m (composed) s 1648 2181 m (of) s 1704 2181 m (parts) s 1822 2181 m (that) s 1920 2181 m (are) s 1995 2181 m (themselves) s 146 2128 m (statements.) s 395 2128 m (They) s 506 2128 m (are) s 582 2128 m (used) s 693 2128 m (to) s 749 2128 m (express) s 907 2128 m (sequencing) s 1149 2128 m (and) s 1244 2128 m (conditional,) s 1497 2128 m (selective,) s 1683 2128 m (and) s 1779 2128 m (repetitive) s 1971 2128 m (execution.) s 2184 2128 m (A) s 146 2075 m (statement) s 361 2075 m (may) s 462 2075 m (also) s 556 2075 m (be) s 618 2075 m (empty,) s 770 2075 m (in) s 825 2075 m (which) s 961 2075 m (case) s 1059 2075 m (it) s 1101 2075 m (denotes) s 1269 2075 m (no) s 1335 2075 m (action.) s 1484 2075 m () s 1498 2075 m (The) s 1586 2075 m (empty) s 1726 2075 m (statement) s 1940 2075 m (is) s 1986 2075 m (included) s 2173 2075 m (in) s 146 2022 m (order) s 264 2022 m (to) s 319 2022 m (relax) s 425 2022 m (punctuation) s 689 2022 m (rules) s 799 2022 m (in) s 854 2022 m (statement) s 1071 2022 m (sequences.) s 1299 2022 m () s 146 1901 m ($) s 264 1901 m (statement) s 480 1901 m () s 496 1901 m (=) s 539 1901 m () s 555 1901 m ([assignment) s 823 1901 m (\|) s 850 1901 m (ProcedureCall) s 1134 1901 m (\|) s 146 1848 m ($) s 381 1848 m (IfStatement) s 629 1848 m (\|) s 656 1848 m (CaseStatement) s 967 1848 m (\|) s 995 1848 m (WhileStatement) s 1337 1848 m (\|) s 1365 1848 m (RepeatStatement) s 1719 1848 m (\|) s 146 1795 m ($) s 381 1795 m (LoopStatement) s 699 1795 m (\|) s 727 1795 m (WithStatement) s 1054 1795 m (\|) s 1081 1795 m (EXIT) s 1192 1795 m (\|) s 1219 1795 m (RETURN) s 1412 1795 m ([expression]) s 1672 1795 m (].) s 146 1646 m (Syntax12b.Scn.Fnt) f (9.1.) s 252 1646 m (Assignments) s 146 1544 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (The) s 245 1544 m (assignment) s 502 1544 m (serves) s 641 1544 m (to) s 705 1544 m (replace) s 868 1544 m (the) s 955 1544 m (current) s 1122 1544 m (value) s 1249 1544 m (of) s 1313 1544 m (a) s 1361 1544 m (variable) s 1540 1544 m (by) s 1612 1544 m (a) s 1660 1544 m (new) s 1767 1544 m (value) s 1893 1544 m (specified) s 2090 1544 m (by) s 2161 1544 m (an) s 146 1491 m (expression.) s 378 1491 m (The) s 468 1491 m (assignment) s 716 1491 m (operator) s 897 1491 m (is) s 945 1491 m (written) s 1102 1491 m (as) s 1161 1491 m (":=") s 1256 1491 m (and) s 1350 1491 m (pronounced) s 1606 1491 m (as) s 1665 1491 m () s 1665 1491 m (Syntax12i.Scn.Fnt) f (becomes.) s 1850 1491 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f () s 146 1370 m ($) s 264 1370 m (assignment) s 512 1370 m () s 527 1370 m (=) s 571 1370 m () s 586 1370 m (designator) s 811 1370 m (":=") s 905 1370 m (expression.) s 146 1249 m (The) s 233 1249 m (type) s 328 1249 m (of) s 381 1249 m (the) s 456 1249 m (expression) s 674 1249 m (must) s 793 1249 m (be) s 853 1249 m (included) s 1039 1249 m (by) s 1099 1249 m (the) s 1175 1249 m (type) s 1270 1249 m (of) s 1322 1249 m (the) s 1398 1249 m (variable,) s 1576 1249 m (or) s 1628 1249 m (it) s 1668 1249 m (must) s 1787 1249 m (extend) s 1929 1249 m (the) s 2004 1249 m (type) s 2098 1249 m (of) s 2149 1249 m (the) s 146 1196 m (variable.) s 327 1196 m (The) s 417 1196 m (following) s 618 1196 m (exceptions) s 838 1196 m (hold:) s 146 1076 m (1.) s 228 1076 m (The) s 318 1076 m (constant) s 507 1076 m (NIL) s 594 1076 m (can) s 680 1076 m (be) s 743 1076 m (assigned) s 932 1076 m (to) s 987 1076 m (variables) s 1176 1076 m (of) s 1231 1076 m (any) s 1318 1076 m (pointer) s 1476 1076 m (or) s 1531 1076 m (procedure) s 1743 1076 m (type.) s 146 985 m (2.) s 228 985 m (Strings) s 380 985 m (can) s 466 985 m (be) s 528 985 m (assigned) s 716 985 m (to) s 770 985 m (any) s 855 985 m (variable) s 1024 985 m (whose) s 1164 985 m (type) s 1262 985 m (is) s 1308 985 m (an) s 1374 985 m (array) s 1487 985 m (of) s 1541 985 m (characters,) s 1769 985 m (provided) s 1956 985 m (the) s 2032 985 m (length) s 2172 985 m (of) s 146 932 m (the) s 224 932 m (string) s 354 932 m (is) s 400 932 m (less) s 486 932 m (than) s 595 932 m (that) s 693 932 m (of) s 747 932 m (the) s 825 932 m (array.) s 950 932 m (If) s 992 932 m (a) s 1030 932 m (string) s 1159 932 m (s) s 1194 932 m (of) s 1248 932 m (length) s 1388 932 m (n) s 1431 932 m (is) s 1477 932 m (assigned) s 1665 932 m (to) s 1719 932 m (an) s 1785 932 m (array) s 1898 932 m (a) s 1937 932 m (,) s 1963 932 m (the) s 2041 932 m (result) s 2166 932 m (is) s 2212 932 m () s 146 879 m (a[i]) s 236 879 m (=) s 279 879 m (si) s 327 879 m () s 342 879 m (for) s 413 879 m (i) s 441 879 m (=) s 484 879 m (0) s 523 879 m (...) s 575 879 m (n-1,) s 681 879 m (and) s 775 879 m (a[n]) s 882 879 m (=) s 925 879 m (0X.) s 146 759 m (Examples) s 354 759 m (of) s 409 759 m (assignments) s 677 759 m ($see) s 771 759 m (examples) s 972 759 m (in) s 1027 759 m (Ch.) s 1110 759 m (7$:) s 240 651 m (i) s 267 651 m (:=) s 322 651 m (0) s 240 598 m (p) s 283 598 m (:=) s 338 598 m (i) s 365 598 m (=) s 409 598 m (j) s 240 545 m (x) s 275 545 m (:=) s 330 545 m (i) s 358 545 m (+) s 401 545 m (1) s 240 492 m (k) s 279 492 m (:=) s 334 492 m (log2$i+j$) s 240 439 m (F) s 279 439 m (:=) s 334 439 m (log2) s 240 386 m (s) s 275 386 m (:=) s 330 386 m ({2,) s 397 386 m (3,) s 448 386 m (5,) s 499 386 m (7,) s 551 386 m (11,) s 625 386 m (13}) s 240 333 m (a[i]) s 330 333 m (:=) s 385 333 m ($x+y$) s 507 333 m () s 551 333 m ($x-y$) s 240 280 m (t.key) s 346 280 m (:=) s 401 280 m (i) s 1 p 240 3173 m (w[i+1].ch) s 452 3173 m (:=) s 507 3173 m ("A") s 146 3024 m (Syntax12b.Scn.Fnt) f (9.2.) s 252 3024 m (Procedure) s 500 3024 m (calls) s 146 2921 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (A) s 200 2921 m (procedure) s 423 2921 m (call) s 517 2921 m (serves) s 658 2921 m (to) s 724 2921 m (activate) s 900 2921 m (a) s 951 2921 m (procedure.) s 1186 2921 m (The) s 1288 2921 m (procedure) s 1510 2921 m (call) s 1603 2921 m (may) s 1715 2921 m (contain) s 1891 2921 m (a) s 1940 2921 m (list) s 2025 2921 m (of) s 2090 2921 m (actual) s 146 2868 m (parameters) s 391 2868 m (which) s 533 2868 m (are) s 613 2868 m (substituted) s 862 2868 m (in) s 922 2868 m (place) s 1046 2868 m (of) s 1106 2868 m (their) s 1217 2868 m (corresponding) s 1521 2868 m (formal) s 1676 2868 m (parameters) s 1920 2868 m (defined) s 2089 2868 m (in) s 2148 2868 m (the) s 146 2815 m (procedure) s 355 2815 m (declaration) s 588 2815 m ($see) s 680 2815 m (Ch.) s 759 2815 m (10$.) s 850 2815 m (The) s 937 2815 m (correspondence) s 1255 2815 m (is) s 1299 2815 m (established) s 1535 2815 m (by) s 1594 2815 m (the) s 1668 2815 m (positions) s 1861 2815 m (of) s 1912 2815 m (the) s 1987 2815 m (parameters) s 146 2762 m (in) s 202 2762 m (the) s 281 2762 m (lists) s 377 2762 m (of) s 433 2762 m (actual) s 572 2762 m (and) s 667 2762 m (formal) s 818 2762 m (parameters) s 1058 2762 m (respectively.) s 1306 2762 m (There) s 1432 2762 m (exist) s 1534 2762 m (two) s 1625 2762 m (kinds) s 1751 2762 m (of) s 1806 2762 m (parameters:) s 2058 2762 m () s 2058 2762 m (Syntax12i.Scn.Fnt) f (variable) s 146 2709 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (and) s 240 2709 m () s 240 2709 m (Syntax12i.Scn.Fnt) f (value) s 354 2709 m (parameters.) s 146 2619 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (In) s 201 2619 m (the) s 279 2619 m (case) s 378 2619 m (of) s 433 2619 m (variable) s 602 2619 m (parameters,) s 853 2619 m (the) s 931 2619 m (actual) s 1068 2619 m (parameter) s 1287 2619 m (must) s 1408 2619 m (be) s 1470 2619 m (a) s 1509 2619 m (designator) s 1732 2619 m (denoting) s 1924 2619 m (a) s 1962 2619 m (variable.) s 2142 2619 m (If) s 2185 2619 m (it) s 146 2566 m (designates) s 381 2566 m (an) s 459 2566 m (element) s 643 2566 m (of) s 708 2566 m (a) s 758 2566 m (structured) s 988 2566 m (variable,) s 1179 2566 m (the) s 1268 2566 m (selector) s 1439 2566 m (is) s 1497 2566 m (evaluated) s 1711 2566 m (when) s 1847 2566 m (the) s 1936 2566 m (formal/actual) s 146 2513 m (parameter) s 364 2513 m (substitution) s 622 2513 m (takes) s 738 2513 m (place,) s 866 2513 m (i.e.) s 935 2513 m (before) s 1071 2513 m (the) s 1147 2513 m (execution) s 1346 2513 m (of) s 1398 2513 m (the) s 1474 2513 m (procedure.) s 1695 2513 m (If) s 1736 2513 m (the) s 1811 2513 m (parameter) s 2029 2513 m (is) s 2073 2513 m (a) s 2109 2513 m (value) s 146 2460 m (parameter,) s 383 2460 m (the) s 467 2460 m (corresponding) s 771 2460 m (actual) s 914 2460 m (parameter) s 1139 2460 m (must) s 1266 2460 m (be) s 1334 2460 m (an) s 1405 2460 m (expression.) s 1641 2460 m (This) s 1748 2460 m (expression) s 1972 2460 m (is) s 2023 2460 m (evaluated) s 146 2407 m (prior) s 253 2407 m (to) s 305 2407 m (the) s 381 2407 m (procedure) s 590 2407 m (activation,) s 808 2407 m (and) s 899 2407 m (the) s 975 2407 m (resulting) s 1161 2407 m (value) s 1275 2407 m (is) s 1318 2407 m (assigned) s 1503 2407 m (to) s 1554 2407 m (the) s 1629 2407 m (formal) s 1775 2407 m (parameter) s 1991 2407 m (which) s 2125 2407 m (now) s 146 2354 m (constitutes) s 378 2354 m (a) s 417 2354 m (local) s 523 2354 m (variable) s 693 2354 m ($see) s 787 2354 m (also) s 882 2354 m (10.1.$.) s 146 2233 m ($) s 264 2233 m (ProcedureCall) s 547 2233 m () s 563 2233 m (=) s 606 2233 m () s 622 2233 m (designator) s 846 2233 m ([ActualParameters].) s 146 2113 m (Examples) s 354 2113 m (of) s 409 2113 m (procedure) s 622 2113 m (calls:) s 240 2005 m (ReadInt$i$) s 594 2005 m ($see) s 688 2005 m (Ch.) s 771 2005 m (10$) s 240 1952 m (WriteInt$j2+1,) s 570 1952 m (6$) s 240 1899 m (INC$w[k].count$) s 146 1749 m (Syntax12b.Scn.Fnt) f (9.3.) s 252 1749 m (Statement) s 516 1749 m (sequences) s 146 1647 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (Statement) s 365 1647 m (sequences) s 581 1647 m (denote) s 729 1647 m (the) s 807 1647 m (sequence) s 1003 1647 m (of) s 1057 1647 m (actions) s 1213 1647 m (specified) s 1401 1647 m (by) s 1463 1647 m (the) s 1541 1647 m (component) s 1783 1647 m (statements) s 2017 1647 m (which) s 2153 1647 m (are) s 146 1594 m (separated) s 354 1594 m (by) s 417 1594 m (semicolons.) s 665 1594 m () s 146 1473 m ($) s 264 1473 m (StatementSequence) s 669 1473 m () s 685 1473 m (=) s 728 1473 m () s 744 1473 m (statement) s 960 1473 m ({";") s 1043 1473 m (statement}.) s 146 1324 m (Syntax12b.Scn.Fnt) f (9.4.) s 252 1324 m (If) s 295 1324 m (statements) s 146 1203 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f ($) s 240 1203 m (IfStatement) s 488 1203 m () s 503 1203 m (=) s 641 1203 m (IF) s 692 1203 m (expression) s 912 1203 m (THEN) s 1050 1203 m (StatementSequence) s 146 1150 m ($) s 641 1150 m ({ELSIF) s 782 1150 m (expression) s 1003 1150 m (THEN) s 1141 1150 m (StatementSequence}) s 146 1097 m ($) s 641 1097 m ([ELSE) s 778 1097 m (StatementSequence]) s 146 1044 m ($) s 641 1044 m (END.) s 146 924 m (If) s 186 924 m (statements) s 419 924 m (specify) s 566 924 m (the) s 641 924 m (conditional) s 878 924 m (execution) s 1074 924 m (of) s 1125 924 m (guarded) s 1303 924 m (statements.) s 1547 924 m (The) s 1633 924 m (Boolean) s 1802 924 m (expression) s 2019 924 m (preceding) s 146 871 m (a) s 182 871 m (statement) s 394 871 m (is) s 438 871 m (called) s 564 871 m (its) s 623 871 m () s 623 871 m (Syntax12i.Scn.Fnt) f (guard.) s 756 871 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (The) s 843 871 m (guards) s 992 871 m (are) s 1063 871 m (evaluated) s 1264 871 m (in) s 1315 871 m (sequence) s 1508 871 m (of) s 1559 871 m (occurrence,) s 1791 871 m (until) s 1898 871 m (one) s 1980 871 m (evaluates) s 2173 871 m (to) s 146 818 m (TRUE,) s 287 818 m (whereafter) s 512 818 m (its) s 575 818 m (associated) s 795 818 m (statement) s 1012 818 m (sequence) s 1208 818 m (is) s 1256 818 m (executed.) s 1453 818 m (If) s 1496 818 m (no) s 1563 818 m (guard) s 1696 818 m (is) s 1742 818 m (satisfied,) s 1934 818 m (the) s 2012 818 m (statement) s 146 765 m (sequence) s 342 765 m (following) s 543 765 m (the) s 622 765 m (symbol) s 783 765 m (ELSE) s 901 765 m (is) s 949 765 m (executed,) s 1146 765 m (if) s 1189 765 m (there) s 1303 765 m (is) s 1350 765 m (one.) s 146 644 m (Example:) s 240 536 m (IF) s 291 536 m ($ch) s 373 536 m (>=) s 444 536 m ("A"$) s 547 536 m (&) s 590 536 m ($ch) s 673 536 m (<=) s 743 536 m ("Z"$) s 838 536 m (THEN) s 976 536 m (ReadIdentifier) s 240 483 m (ELSIF) s 365 483 m ($ch) s 448 483 m (>=) s 519 483 m ("0"$) s 617 483 m (&) s 661 483 m ($ch) s 743 483 m (<=) s 814 483 m ("9"$) s 913 483 m (THEN) s 1051 483 m (ReadNumber) s 240 430 m (ELSIF) s 365 430 m (ch) s 428 430 m (=) s 472 430 m (22X) s 562 430 m (THEN) s 700 430 m (ReadString) s 240 377 m (END) s 1 p 146 3173 m (Syntax12b.Scn.Fnt) f (9.5.) s 252 3173 m (Case) s 366 3173 m (statements) s 146 3071 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (Case) s 249 3071 m (statements) s 482 3071 m (specify) s 629 3071 m (the) s 704 3071 m (selection) s 885 3071 m (and) s 976 3071 m (execution) s 1173 3071 m (of) s 1224 3071 m (a) s 1259 3071 m (statement) s 1472 3071 m (sequence) s 1665 3071 m (according) s 1869 3071 m (to) s 1920 3071 m (the) s 1995 3071 m (value) s 2109 3071 m (of) s 2160 3071 m (an) s 146 3018 m (expression.) s 380 3018 m (First) s 483 3018 m (the) s 563 3018 m (case) s 662 3018 m (expression) s 884 3018 m (is) s 932 3018 m (evaluated,) s 1150 3018 m (then) s 1257 3018 m (the) s 1337 3018 m (statement) s 1554 3018 m (sequence) s 1752 3018 m (is) s 1800 3018 m (executed) s 1986 3018 m (whose) s 2129 3018 m (case) s 146 2965 m (label) s 260 2965 m (list) s 339 2965 m (contains) s 528 2965 m (the) s 610 2965 m (obtained) s 807 2965 m (value.) s 941 2965 m (The) s 1036 2965 m (case) s 1138 2965 m (expression) s 1363 2965 m (and) s 1461 2965 m (all) s 1528 2965 m (labels) s 1661 2965 m (must) s 1786 2965 m (be) s 1852 2965 m (of) s 1910 2965 m (the) s 1992 2965 m (same) s 2117 2965 m (type,) s 146 2912 m (which) s 281 2912 m (must) s 401 2912 m (be) s 462 2912 m (an) s 527 2912 m (integer) s 675 2912 m (type) s 771 2912 m (or) s 824 2912 m (CHAR.) s 964 2912 m (Case) s 1068 2912 m (labels) s 1196 2912 m (are) s 1269 2912 m (constants,) s 1488 2912 m (and) s 1580 2912 m (no) s 1645 2912 m (value) s 1761 2912 m (must) s 1881 2912 m (occur) s 2001 2912 m (more) s 2117 2912 m (than) s 146 2859 m (once.) s 270 2859 m (If) s 319 2859 m (the) s 404 2859 m (value) s 528 2859 m (of) s 589 2859 m (the) s 674 2859 m (expression) s 900 2859 m (does) s 1012 2859 m (not) s 1101 2859 m (occur) s 1229 2859 m (as) s 1294 2859 m (a) s 1340 2859 m (label) s 1456 2859 m (of) s 1517 2859 m (any) s 1610 2859 m (case,) s 1726 2859 m (the) s 1809 2859 m (statement) s 2031 2859 m (sequence) s 146 2806 m (following) s 346 2806 m (the) s 425 2806 m (symbol) s 586 2806 m (ELSE) s 705 2806 m (is) s 752 2806 m (selected,) s 933 2806 m (if) s 976 2806 m (there) s 1090 2806 m (is) s 1138 2806 m (one.) s 1236 2806 m (Otherwise) s 1453 2806 m (it) s 1496 2806 m (is) s 1543 2806 m (considered) s 1771 2806 m (as) s 1831 2806 m (an) s 1897 2806 m (error.) s 146 2685 m ($) s 240 2685 m (CaseStatement) s 551 2685 m () s 566 2685 m (=) s 641 2685 m (CASE) s 763 2685 m (expression) s 983 2685 m (OF) s 1058 2685 m (case) s 1156 2685 m ({"\|") s 1239 2685 m (case}) s 1353 2685 m ([ELSE) s 1491 2685 m (StatementSequence]) s 1916 2685 m (END.) s 146 2632 m ($) s 240 2632 m (case) s 338 2632 m () s 354 2632 m (=) s 641 2632 m ([CaseLabelList) s 944 2632 m (":") s 1011 2632 m (StatementSequence].) s 146 2579 m ($) s 240 2579 m (CaseLabelList) s 523 2579 m () s 539 2579 m (=) s 641 2579 m (CaseLabels) s 873 2579 m ({",") s 955 2579 m (CaseLabels}.) s 146 2526 m ($) s 240 2526 m (CaseLabels) s 472 2526 m () s 488 2526 m (=) s 641 2526 m (ConstExpression) s 983 2526 m (["..") s 1081 2526 m (ConstExpression].) s 146 2406 m (Example:) s 240 2297 m (CASE) s 362 2297 m (ch) s 425 2297 m (OF) s 240 2244 m () s 255 2244 m () s 271 2244 m () s 287 2244 m () s 302 2244 m () s 318 2244 m ("A") s 401 2244 m (..) s 440 2244 m ("Z":) s 535 2244 m (ReadIdentifier) s 240 2191 m () s 255 2191 m () s 271 2191 m (\|) s 299 2191 m ("0") s 377 2191 m (..) s 417 2191 m ("9":) s 535 2191 m (ReadNumber) s 240 2138 m () s 255 2138 m () s 271 2138 m (\|) s 299 2138 m (22X) s 389 2138 m (:) s 535 2138 m (ReadString) s 240 2085 m (ELSE) s 535 2085 m (SpecialCharacter) s 240 2032 m (END) s 146 1883 m (Syntax12b.Scn.Fnt) f (9.6.) s 252 1883 m (While) s 405 1883 m (statements) s 146 1781 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (While) s 291 1781 m (statements) s 536 1781 m (specify) s 693 1781 m (repetition.) s 918 1781 m (If) s 969 1781 m (the) s 1056 1781 m (Boolean) s 1236 1781 m (expression) s 1463 1781 m ($guard$) s 1644 1781 m (yields) s 1777 1781 m (TRUE,) s 1925 1781 m (the) s 2011 1781 m (statement) s 146 1728 m (sequence) s 340 1728 m (is) s 386 1728 m (executed.) s 580 1728 m (The) s 669 1728 m (expression) s 887 1728 m (evaluation) s 1105 1728 m (and) s 1196 1728 m (the) s 1272 1728 m (statement) s 1486 1728 m (execution) s 1683 1728 m (are) s 1755 1728 m (repeated) s 1937 1728 m (as) s 1993 1728 m (long) s 2093 1728 m (as) s 2149 1728 m (the) s 146 1675 m (Boolean) s 319 1675 m (expression) s 539 1675 m (yields) s 665 1675 m (TRUE.) s 146 1554 m ($) s 240 1554 m (WhileStatement) s 582 1554 m () s 598 1554 m (=) s 641 1554 m (WHILE) s 802 1554 m (expression) s 1022 1554 m (DO) s 1109 1554 m (StatementSequence) s 1515 1554 m (END.) s 146 1434 m (Examples:) s 240 1325 m (WHILE) s 401 1325 m (j) s 428 1325 m (>) s 472 1325 m (0) s 511 1325 m (DO) s 240 1272 m () s 255 1272 m () s 271 1272 m () s 287 1272 m () s 302 1272 m (j) s 330 1272 m (:=) s 385 1272 m (j) s 413 1272 m (DIV) s 503 1272 m (2;) s 554 1272 m (i) s 582 1272 m (:=) s 637 1272 m (i+1) s 240 1219 m (END) s 240 1111 m (WHILE) s 401 1111 m ($t) s 452 1111 m (#) s 495 1111 m (NIL$) s 602 1111 m (&) s 645 1111 m ($t.key) s 771 1111 m (#) s 814 1111 m (i$) s 862 1111 m (DO) s 240 1058 m () s 255 1058 m () s 271 1058 m () s 287 1058 m () s 302 1058 m (t) s 334 1058 m (:=) s 389 1058 m (t.left) s 240 1005 m (END) s 146 856 m (Syntax12b.Scn.Fnt) f (9.7.) s 252 856 m (Repeat) s 429 856 m (Statements) s 146 753 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (A) s 199 753 m (repeat) s 347 753 m (statement) s 573 753 m (specifies) s 763 753 m (the) s 851 753 m (repeated) s 1045 753 m (execution) s 1255 753 m (of) s 1319 753 m (a) s 1367 753 m (statement) s 1593 753 m (sequence) s 1799 753 m (until) s 1918 753 m (a) s 1966 753 m (condition) s 2180 753 m (is) s 146 700 m (satisfied.) s 338 700 m (The) s 429 700 m (statement) s 646 700 m (sequence) s 842 700 m (is) s 890 700 m (executed) s 1075 700 m (at) s 1130 700 m (least) s 1236 700 m (once.) s 146 580 m ($) s 240 580 m (RepeatStatement) s 594 580 m () s 610 580 m (=) s 641 580 m () s 656 580 m (REPEAT) s 833 580 m (StatementSequence) s 1239 580 m (UNTIL) s 1385 580 m (expression.) s 146 430 m (Syntax12b.Scn.Fnt) f (9.8.) s 252 430 m (Loop) s 386 430 m (statements) s 146 328 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (A) s 194 328 m (loop) s 301 328 m (statement) s 523 328 m (specifies) s 709 328 m (the) s 793 328 m (repeated) s 983 328 m (execution) s 1187 328 m (of) s 1246 328 m (a) s 1290 328 m (statement) s 1510 328 m (sequence.) s 1723 328 m () s 1743 328 m (It) s 1790 328 m (is) s 1841 328 m (terminated) s 2082 328 m (by) s 2149 328 m (the) s 146 275 m (execution) s 346 275 m (of) s 401 275 m (any) s 488 275 m (exit) s 571 275 m (statement) s 787 275 m (within) s 933 275 m (that) s 1031 275 m (sequence) s 1228 275 m ($see) s 1323 275 m (9.9$.) s 1429 275 m () s 1 p 146 3173 m ($) s 264 3173 m (LoopStatement) s 582 3173 m () s 598 3173 m (=) s 641 3173 m () s 657 3173 m (LOOP) s 791 3173 m (StatementSequence) s 1197 3173 m (END.) s 146 3053 m (Example:) s 240 2944 m (LOOP) s 240 2891 m () s 255 2891 m () s 271 2891 m () s 287 2891 m (IF) s 338 2891 m (t1) s 393 2891 m (=) s 436 2891 m (NIL) s 523 2891 m (THEN) s 661 2891 m (EXIT) s 771 2891 m (END) s 885 2891 m (;) s 240 2838 m () s 255 2838 m () s 271 2838 m () s 287 2838 m (IF) s 338 2838 m (k) s 377 2838 m (<) s 421 2838 m (t1.key) s 551 2838 m (THEN) s 688 2838 m (t2) s 743 2838 m (:=) s 799 2838 m (t1.left;) s 940 2838 m (p) s 984 2838 m (:=) s 1039 2838 m (TRUE) s 240 2785 m () s 255 2785 m () s 271 2785 m () s 287 2785 m (ELSIF) s 413 2785 m (k) s 452 2785 m (>) s 495 2785 m (t1.key) s 625 2785 m (THEN) s 763 2785 m (t2) s 818 2785 m (:=) s 873 2785 m (t1.right;) s 1047 2785 m (p) s 1090 2785 m (:=) s 1145 2785 m (FALSE) s 240 2732 m () s 255 2732 m () s 271 2732 m () s 287 2732 m (ELSE) s 405 2732 m (EXIT) s 240 2679 m () s 255 2679 m () s 271 2679 m () s 287 2679 m (END) s 401 2679 m (;) s 240 2626 m () s 255 2626 m () s 271 2626 m () s 287 2626 m (t1) s 342 2626 m (:=) s 397 2626 m (t2) s 240 2573 m (END) s 146 2436 m (Although) s 350 2436 m (while) s 476 2436 m (and) s 575 2436 m (repeat) s 717 2436 m (statements) s 957 2436 m (can) s 1047 2436 m (be) s 1114 2436 m (expressed) s 1323 2436 m (by) s 1390 2436 m (loop) s 1497 2436 m (statements) s 1737 2436 m (containing) s 1969 2436 m (a) s 2012 2436 m (single) s 2145 2436 m (exit) s 146 2383 m (statement,) s 376 2383 m (the) s 457 2383 m (use) s 541 2383 m (of) s 598 2383 m (while) s 722 2383 m (and) s 819 2383 m (repeat) s 959 2383 m (statements) s 1197 2383 m (is) s 1246 2383 m (recommended) s 1551 2383 m (in) s 1608 2383 m (the) s 1689 2383 m (most) s 1809 2383 m (frequently) s 2027 2383 m (occurring) s 146 2330 m (situations,) s 370 2330 m (where) s 504 2330 m (termination) s 756 2330 m (depends) s 941 2330 m (on) s 1008 2330 m (a) s 1047 2330 m (single) s 1176 2330 m (condition) s 1380 2330 m (determined) s 1623 2330 m (either) s 1748 2330 m (at) s 1802 2330 m (the) s 1880 2330 m (beginning) s 2095 2330 m (or) s 2149 2330 m (the) s 146 2277 m (end) s 241 2277 m (of) s 301 2277 m (the) s 385 2277 m (repeated) s 575 2277 m (statement) s 796 2277 m (sequence.) s 1010 2277 m (The) s 1106 2277 m (loop) s 1213 2277 m (statement) s 1435 2277 m (is) s 1487 2277 m (useful) s 1629 2277 m (to) s 1688 2277 m (express) s 1849 2277 m (cases) s 1971 2277 m (with) s 2082 2277 m (several) s 146 2224 m (termination) s 397 2224 m (conditions) s 622 2224 m (and) s 716 2224 m (points.) s 146 2074 m (Syntax12b.Scn.Fnt) f (9.9.) s 252 2074 m (Return) s 425 2074 m (and) s 527 2074 m (exit) s 630 2074 m (statements) s 146 1972 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (A) s 188 1972 m (return) s 325 1972 m (statement) s 539 1972 m (consists) s 710 1972 m (of) s 763 1972 m (the) s 840 1972 m (symbol) s 1000 1972 m (RETURN,) s 1202 1972 m (possibly) s 1378 1972 m (followed) s 1561 1972 m (by) s 1622 1972 m (an) s 1686 1972 m (expression.) s 1917 1972 m (It) s 1958 1972 m (indicates) s 2149 1972 m (the) s 146 1919 m (termination) s 401 1919 m (of) s 461 1919 m (a) s 504 1919 m (procedure,) s 731 1919 m (and) s 829 1919 m (the) s 911 1919 m (expression) s 1134 1919 m () s 1153 1919 m (specifies) s 1337 1919 m (the) s 1419 1919 m (result) s 1548 1919 m (of) s 1606 1919 m (a) s 1648 1919 m (function) s 1836 1919 m (procedure.) s 2064 1919 m (Its) s 2130 1919 m (type) s 146 1866 m (must) s 268 1866 m (be) s 331 1866 m (identical) s 516 1866 m (to) s 571 1866 m (the) s 649 1866 m (result) s 775 1866 m (type) s 874 1866 m (specified) s 1063 1866 m (in) s 1118 1866 m (the) s 1197 1866 m (procedure) s 1409 1866 m (heading) s 1586 1866 m ($see) s 1681 1866 m (Ch.) s 1764 1866 m (10$.) s 146 1775 m (Function) s 335 1775 m (procedures) s 565 1775 m (require) s 715 1775 m (the) s 791 1775 m (presence) s 973 1775 m (of) s 1025 1775 m (a) s 1062 1775 m (return) s 1196 1775 m (statement) s 1409 1775 m (indicating) s 1621 1775 m (the) s 1696 1775 m (result) s 1818 1775 m (value.) s 1944 1775 m (There) s 2066 1775 m (may) s 2164 1775 m (be) s 146 1722 m (several,) s 303 1722 m (although) s 500 1722 m (only) s 598 1722 m (one) s 685 1722 m (will) s 771 1722 m (be) s 834 1722 m (executed.) s 1031 1722 m (In) s 1086 1722 m (proper) s 1232 1722 m (procedures,) s 1476 1722 m (a) s 1516 1722 m (return) s 1653 1722 m (statement) s 1870 1722 m (is) s 1917 1722 m (implied) s 2086 1722 m (by) s 2149 1722 m (the) s 146 1669 m (end) s 238 1669 m (of) s 295 1669 m (the) s 376 1669 m (procedure) s 591 1669 m (body.) s 718 1669 m (An) s 790 1669 m (explicit) s 945 1669 m (return) s 1084 1669 m (statement) s 1301 1669 m (therefore) s 1491 1669 m (appears) s 1665 1669 m (as) s 1725 1669 m (an) s 1793 1669 m (additional) s 2015 1669 m ($probably) s 146 1616 m (exceptional$) s 401 1616 m (termination) s 653 1616 m (point.) s 146 1526 m (An) s 216 1526 m (exit) s 299 1526 m (statement) s 516 1526 m (consists) s 689 1526 m (of) s 744 1526 m (the) s 823 1526 m (symbol) s 984 1526 m (EXIT.) s 1105 1526 m (It) s 1147 1526 m (specifies) s 1328 1526 m (termination) s 1579 1526 m (of) s 1633 1526 m (the) s 1710 1526 m (enclosing) s 1910 1526 m (loop) s 2012 1526 m (statement) s 146 1473 m (and) s 242 1473 m (continuation) s 516 1473 m (with) s 624 1473 m (the) s 705 1473 m (statement) s 923 1473 m (following) s 1126 1473 m (that) s 1226 1473 m (loop) s 1330 1473 m (statement.) s 1559 1473 m (Exit) s 1651 1473 m (statements) s 1888 1473 m (are) s 1964 1473 m (contextually,) s 146 1420 m (although) s 342 1420 m (not) s 425 1420 m (syntactically) s 681 1420 m (bound) s 831 1420 m (to) s 886 1420 m (the) s 964 1420 m (loop) s 1067 1420 m (statement) s 1283 1420 m (which) s 1421 1420 m (contains) s 1606 1420 m (them.) s 146 1270 m (Syntax12b.Scn.Fnt) f (9.10.) s 283 1270 m (With) s 413 1270 m (statements) s 146 1168 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (If) s 186 1168 m (a) s 222 1168 m (pointer) s 377 1168 m (variable) s 543 1168 m (or) s 595 1168 m (a) s 631 1168 m (variable) s 798 1168 m (parameter) s 1015 1168 m (with) s 1119 1168 m (record) s 1253 1168 m (structure) s 1443 1168 m (is) s 1487 1168 m (of) s 1540 1168 m (a) s 1576 1168 m (type) s 1671 1168 m (T0,) s 1747 1168 m (it) s 1787 1168 m (may) s 1886 1168 m (be) s 1945 1168 m (designated) s 2173 1168 m (in) s 146 1115 m (the) s 228 1115 m (heading) s 409 1115 m (of) s 468 1115 m (a) s 510 1115 m (with) s 619 1115 m (clause) s 760 1115 m (together) s 940 1115 m (with) s 1049 1115 m (a) s 1092 1115 m (type) s 1193 1115 m (T) s 1240 1115 m (that) s 1341 1115 m (is) s 1391 1115 m (an) s 1461 1115 m (extension) s 1665 1115 m (of) s 1723 1115 m (T0.) s 1805 1115 m (Then) s 1926 1115 m (the) s 2008 1115 m (variable) s 2180 1115 m (is) s 146 1062 m (guarded) s 326 1062 m (within) s 470 1062 m (the) s 548 1062 m (with) s 653 1062 m (statement) s 869 1062 m (as) s 927 1062 m (if) s 969 1062 m (it) s 1012 1062 m (had) s 1104 1062 m (been) s 1212 1062 m (declared) s 1391 1062 m (of) s 1444 1062 m (type) s 1541 1062 m (T.) s 1594 1062 m (The) s 1683 1062 m (with) s 1787 1062 m (statement) s 2001 1062 m (assumes) s 2188 1062 m (a) s 146 1009 m (role) s 229 1009 m (similar) s 379 1009 m (to) s 430 1009 m (the) s 505 1009 m (type) s 599 1009 m (guard,) s 741 1009 m (extending) s 945 1009 m (the) s 1020 1009 m (guard) s 1150 1009 m (over) s 1240 1009 m (an) s 1303 1009 m (entire) s 1425 1009 m (statement) s 1638 1009 m (sequence.) s 1842 1009 m (It) s 1882 1009 m (may) s 1980 1009 m (be) s 2039 1009 m (regarded) s 146 956 m (as) s 205 956 m (a) s 244 956 m () s 244 956 m (Syntax12i.Scn.Fnt) f (regional) s 409 956 m (type) s 504 956 m (guard.) s 146 835 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f ($) s 264 835 m (WithStatement) s 590 835 m () s 606 835 m (=) s 649 835 m () s 665 835 m (WITH) s 803 835 m (qualident) s 1012 835 m (":") s 1078 835 m (qualident) s 1287 835 m (DO) s 1374 835 m (StatementSequence) s 1779 835 m (END) s 1893 835 m (.) s 146 715 m (Example:) s 240 624 m (WITH) s 377 624 m (t:) s 421 624 m (CenterNode) s 669 624 m (DO) s 755 624 m (name) s 885 624 m (:=) s 940 624 m (t.name;) s 1110 624 m (L) s 1149 624 m (:=) s 1204 624 m (t.subnode) s 1421 624 m (END) s 146 479 m (Syntax14b.Scn.Fnt) f (10.) s 244 479 m (Procedure) s 535 479 m (declarations) s 146 376 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (Procedure) s 357 376 m (declarations) s 616 376 m (consist) s 773 376 m (of) s 831 376 m (a) s 873 376 m () s 874 376 m (Syntax12i.Scn.Fnt) f (procedure) s 1074 376 m (heading) s 1237 376 m () s 1237 376 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (and) s 1334 376 m (a) s 1375 376 m () s 1375 376 m (Syntax12i.Scn.Fnt) f (procedure) s 1574 376 m (body.) s 1694 376 m () s 1694 376 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (The) s 1787 376 m (heading) s 1966 376 m (specifies) s 2149 376 m (the) s 146 323 m (procedure) s 358 323 m (identifier,) s 563 323 m (the) s 642 323 m () s 643 323 m (Syntax12i.Scn.Fnt) f (formal) s 776 323 m (parameters,) s 1013 323 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (and) s 1106 323 m (the) s 1184 323 m (result) s 1309 323 m (type) s 1406 323 m ($if) s 1468 323 m (any$.) s 1585 323 m (The) s 1675 323 m (body) s 1788 323 m (contains) s 1972 323 m (declarations) s 146 270 m (and) s 240 270 m (statements.) s 488 270 m (The) s 579 270 m (procedure) s 791 270 m (identifier) s 984 270 m (is) s 1031 270 m (repeated) s 1216 270 m (at) s 1271 270 m (the) s 1350 270 m (end) s 1441 270 m (of) s 1496 270 m (the) s 1575 270 m (procedure) s 1787 270 m (declaration.) s 1 p 146 3173 m (There) s 278 3173 m (are) s 360 3173 m (two) s 458 3173 m (kinds) s 591 3173 m (of) s 653 3173 m (procedures,) s 904 3173 m (namely) s 1071 3173 m () s 1071 3173 m (Syntax12i.Scn.Fnt) f (proper) s 1211 3173 m (procedures) s 1430 3173 m () s 1430 3173 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (and) s 1530 3173 m () s 1530 3173 m (Syntax12i.Scn.Fnt) f (function) s 1702 3173 m (procedures.) s 1932 3173 m () s 1932 3173 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (The) s 2029 3173 m (latter) s 2153 3173 m (are) s 146 3120 m (activated) s 345 3120 m (by) s 415 3120 m (a) s 462 3120 m (function) s 654 3120 m (designator) s 884 3120 m (as) s 949 3120 m (a) s 995 3120 m (constituent) s 1241 3120 m (of) s 1302 3120 m (an) s 1375 3120 m (expression,) s 1613 3120 m (and) s 1714 3120 m (yield) s 1826 3120 m (a) s 1871 3120 m (result) s 2003 3120 m (that) s 2108 3120 m (is) s 2161 3120 m (an) s 146 3067 m (operand) s 324 3067 m (in) s 376 3067 m (the) s 451 3067 m (expression.) s 681 3067 m (Proper) s 819 3067 m (procedures) s 1049 3067 m (are) s 1121 3067 m (activated) s 1310 3067 m (by) s 1369 3067 m (a) s 1405 3067 m (procedure) s 1613 3067 m (call.) s 1704 3067 m (The) s 1790 3067 m (function) s 1972 3067 m (procedure) s 2180 3067 m (is) s 146 3014 m (distinguished) s 435 3014 m (in) s 492 3014 m (the) s 573 3014 m (declaration) s 810 3014 m (by) s 874 3014 m (indication) s 1092 3014 m (of) s 1148 3014 m (the) s 1227 3014 m (type) s 1327 3014 m (of) s 1383 3014 m (its) s 1447 3014 m (result) s 1574 3014 m (following) s 1776 3014 m (the) s 1855 3014 m (parameter) s 2077 3014 m (list.) s 2165 3014 m (Its) s 146 2961 m (body) s 260 2961 m (must) s 382 2961 m (contain) s 547 2961 m (a) s 586 2961 m (RETURN) s 779 2961 m (statement) s 996 2961 m (which) s 1134 2961 m (defines) s 1291 2961 m (the) s 1370 2961 m (result) s 1496 2961 m (of) s 1551 2961 m (the) s 1630 2961 m (function) s 1815 2961 m (procedure.) s 146 2871 m (All) s 222 2871 m (constants,) s 453 2871 m (variables,) s 664 2871 m (types,) s 804 2871 m (and) s 908 2871 m (procedures) s 1150 2871 m (declared) s 1341 2871 m (within) s 1496 2871 m (a) s 1545 2871 m (procedure) s 1766 2871 m (body) s 1889 2871 m (are) s 1973 2871 m () s 1973 2871 m (Syntax12i.Scn.Fnt) f (local) s 2084 2871 m () s 2084 2871 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (to) s 2149 2871 m (the) s 146 2818 m (procedure.) s 373 2818 m (The) s 466 2818 m (values) s 607 2818 m (of) s 665 2818 m (local) s 775 2818 m (variables) s 967 2818 m (are) s 1044 2818 m (undefined) s 1268 2818 m (upon) s 1393 2818 m (entry) s 1510 2818 m (to) s 1568 2818 m (the) s 1649 2818 m (procedure.) s 1875 2818 m (Since) s 1996 2818 m (procedures) s 146 2765 m (may) s 248 2765 m (be) s 311 2765 m (declared) s 492 2765 m (as) s 551 2765 m (local) s 657 2765 m (objects) s 811 2765 m (too,) s 901 2765 m (procedure) s 1114 2765 m (declarations) s 1370 2765 m (may) s 1472 2765 m (be) s 1535 2765 m (nested.) s 146 2674 m (In) s 197 2674 m (addition) s 378 2674 m (to) s 429 2674 m (its) s 488 2674 m (formal) s 633 2674 m (parameters) s 870 2674 m (and) s 960 2674 m (locally) s 1094 2674 m (declared) s 1271 2674 m (objects,) s 1432 2674 m (the) s 1507 2674 m (objects) s 1657 2674 m (declared) s 1834 2674 m (in) s 1885 2674 m (the) s 1960 2674 m (environment) s 146 2621 m (of) s 198 2621 m (the) s 273 2621 m (procedure) s 483 2621 m (are) s 555 2621 m (also) s 646 2621 m (visible) s 781 2621 m (in) s 833 2621 m (the) s 909 2621 m (procedure) s 1119 2621 m ($with) s 1241 2621 m (the) s 1317 2621 m (exception) s 1515 2621 m (of) s 1566 2621 m (those) s 1684 2621 m (objects) s 1834 2621 m (that) s 1928 2621 m (have) s 2030 2621 m (the) s 2105 2621 m (same) s 146 2568 m (name) s 275 2568 m (as) s 334 2568 m (an) s 401 2568 m (object) s 535 2568 m (declared) s 716 2568 m (locally$.) s 146 2477 m (The) s 240 2477 m (use) s 327 2477 m (of) s 386 2477 m (the) s 469 2477 m (procedure) s 685 2477 m (identifier) s 882 2477 m (in) s 941 2477 m (a) s 985 2477 m (call) s 1071 2477 m (within) s 1221 2477 m (its) s 1288 2477 m (declaration) s 1527 2477 m (implies) s 1692 2477 m (recursive) s 1880 2477 m (activation) s 2091 2477 m (of) s 2149 2477 m (the) s 146 2424 m (procedure.) s 146 2304 m ($) s 264 2304 m (ProcedureDeclaration) s 701 2304 m () s 716 2304 m (=) s 760 2304 m () s 775 2304 m (ProcedureHeading) s 1149 2304 m (";") s 1216 2304 m (ProcedureBody) s 1523 2304 m (ident.) s 146 2251 m ($) s 264 2251 m (ProcedureHeading) s 638 2251 m () s 653 2251 m (=) s 697 2251 m () s 712 2251 m (PROCEDURE) s 992 2251 m ([""]) s 1114 2251 m (identdef) s 1295 2251 m ([FormalParameters].) s 146 2198 m ($) s 264 2198 m (ProcedureBody) s 571 2198 m () s 586 2198 m (=) s 630 2198 m () s 645 2198 m (DeclarationSequence) s 1075 2198 m ([BEGIN) s 1244 2198 m (StatementSequence]) s 1669 2198 m (END.) s 146 2145 m ($) s 264 2145 m (ForwardDeclaration) s 673 2145 m () s 689 2145 m (=) s 732 2145 m () s 748 2145 m (PROCEDURE) s 1027 2145 m ("^") s 1110 2145 m (identdef) s 1291 2145 m ([FormalParameters].) s 146 2092 m ($) s 264 2092 m (DeclarationSequence) s 693 2092 m () s 708 2092 m (=) s 752 2092 m () s 767 2092 m ({CONST) s 949 2092 m ({ConstantDeclaration) s 1389 2092 m (";"}) s 1472 2092 m () s 1472 2092 m (Syntax10.Scn.Fnt) f (\|) s 146 2039 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f ($) s 264 2039 m () s 279 2039 m () s 295 2039 m () s 311 2039 m () s 326 2039 m (TYPE) s 445 2039 m ({TypeDeclaration) s 799 2039 m (";"}) s 882 2039 m (\|) s 909 2039 m (VAR) s 1008 2039 m ({VariableDeclaration) s 1429 2039 m (";"}}) s 146 1986 m ($) s 264 1986 m () s 279 1986 m () s 295 1986 m () s 311 1986 m () s 326 1986 m ({ProcedureDeclaration) s 779 1986 m (";") s 846 1986 m (\|) s 874 1986 m (ForwardDeclaration) s 1283 1986 m (";"}.) s 146 1865 m (A) s 189 1865 m () s 189 1865 m (Syntax12i.Scn.Fnt) f (forward) s 354 1865 m (declaration) s 583 1865 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (serves) s 712 1865 m (to) s 768 1865 m (allow) s 890 1865 m (forward) s 1063 1865 m (references) s 1271 1865 m (to) s 1327 1865 m (a) s 1366 1865 m (procedure) s 1579 1865 m (that) s 1677 1865 m (appears) s 1850 1865 m (later) s 1953 1865 m (in) s 2008 1865 m (the) s 2086 1865 m (text) s 2173 1865 m (in) s 146 1812 m (full.) s 238 1812 m (The) s 327 1812 m (actual) s 462 1812 m (declaration) s 697 1812 m (-) s 738 1812 m (which) s 874 1812 m (specifies) s 1053 1812 m (the) s 1130 1812 m (body) s 1242 1812 m (-) s 1283 1812 m (must) s 1403 1812 m (indicate) s 1574 1812 m (the) s 1651 1812 m (same) s 1771 1812 m (parameters) s 2009 1812 m (and) s 2102 1812 m (result) s 146 1759 m (type) s 241 1759 m ($if) s 301 1759 m (any$) s 404 1759 m (as) s 460 1759 m (the) s 536 1759 m (forward) s 705 1759 m (declaration,) s 949 1759 m (and) s 1040 1759 m (it) s 1079 1759 m (must) s 1197 1759 m (be) s 1256 1759 m (within) s 1398 1759 m (the) s 1473 1759 m (same) s 1591 1759 m (scope.) s 1724 1759 m (An) s 1791 1759 m (asterisk) s 1953 1759 m (following) s 2149 1759 m (the) s 146 1706 m (symbol) s 313 1706 m (PROCEDURE) s 598 1706 m (is) s 652 1706 m (a) s 697 1706 m (hint) s 801 1706 m (to) s 863 1706 m (the) s 947 1706 m (compiler) s 1142 1706 m (and) s 1243 1706 m (specifies) s 1430 1706 m (that) s 1534 1706 m (the) s 1619 1706 m (procedure) s 1838 1706 m (is) s 1890 1706 m (to) s 1950 1706 m (be) s 2018 1706 m (usable) s 2169 1706 m (as) s 146 1653 m (parameter) s 366 1653 m (and) s 460 1653 m (assignable) s 685 1653 m (to) s 740 1653 m (variables) s 929 1653 m (of) s 984 1653 m (a) s 1023 1653 m (compatible) s 1264 1653 m (procedure) s 1476 1653 m (type.) s 146 1516 m (Syntax12b.Scn.Fnt) f (10.1.) s 283 1516 m (Formal) s 464 1516 m (parameters) s 146 1413 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (Formal) s 304 1413 m (parameters) s 545 1413 m (are) s 621 1413 m (identifiers) s 835 1413 m (which) s 973 1413 m (denote) s 1124 1413 m (actual) s 1263 1413 m (parameters) s 1504 1413 m (specified) s 1694 1413 m (in) s 1750 1413 m (the) s 1830 1413 m (procedure) s 2042 1413 m (call.) s 2137 1413 m (The) s 146 1360 m (correspondence) s 474 1360 m (between) s 661 1360 m (formal) s 816 1360 m (and) s 916 1360 m (actual) s 1058 1360 m (parameters) s 1303 1360 m (is) s 1356 1360 m (established) s 1601 1360 m (when) s 1732 1360 m (the) s 1816 1360 m (procedure) s 2033 1360 m (is) s 2085 1360 m (called.) s 146 1307 m (There) s 272 1307 m (are) s 348 1307 m (two) s 440 1307 m (kinds) s 567 1307 m (of) s 623 1307 m (parameters,) s 876 1307 m (namely) s 1038 1307 m () s 1039 1307 m (Syntax12i.Scn.Fnt) f (value) s 1155 1307 m () s 1156 1307 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (and) s 1251 1307 m () s 1251 1307 m (Syntax12i.Scn.Fnt) f (variable) s 1416 1307 m (parameters.) s 1649 1307 m () s 1649 1307 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (The) s 1739 1307 m (kind) s 1845 1307 m (is) s 1893 1307 m (indicated) s 2094 1307 m (in) s 2149 1307 m (the) s 146 1254 m (formal) s 293 1254 m (parameter) s 512 1254 m (list.) s 596 1254 m (Value) s 720 1254 m (parameters) s 957 1254 m (stand) s 1084 1254 m (for) s 1152 1254 m (local) s 1255 1254 m (variables) s 1441 1254 m (to) s 1494 1254 m (which) s 1628 1254 m (the) s 1704 1254 m (result) s 1827 1254 m (of) s 1879 1254 m (the) s 1955 1254 m (evaluation) s 2172 1254 m (of) s 146 1201 m (the) s 231 1201 m (corresponding) s 537 1201 m (actual) s 682 1201 m (parameter) s 910 1201 m (is) s 964 1201 m (assigned) s 1160 1201 m (as) s 1226 1201 m (initial) s 1363 1201 m (value.) s 1500 1201 m (Variable) s 1684 1201 m (parameters) s 1930 1201 m (correspond) s 2172 1201 m (to) s 146 1148 m (actual) s 293 1148 m (parameters) s 543 1148 m (that) s 652 1148 m (are) s 737 1148 m (variables,) s 947 1148 m (and) s 1052 1148 m (they) s 1160 1148 m (stand) s 1300 1148 m (for) s 1380 1148 m (these) s 1507 1148 m (variables.) s 1717 1148 m (Variable) s 1903 1148 m (parameters) s 2152 1148 m (are) s 146 1095 m (indicated) s 343 1095 m (by) s 403 1095 m (the) s 479 1095 m (symbol) s 637 1095 m (VAR,) s 745 1095 m (value) s 860 1095 m (parameters) s 1097 1095 m (by) s 1157 1095 m (the) s 1233 1095 m (absence) s 1403 1095 m (of) s 1455 1095 m (the) s 1531 1095 m (symbol) s 1688 1095 m (VAR.) s 1794 1095 m (A) s 1834 1095 m (function) s 2015 1095 m (procedure) s 146 1042 m (without) s 322 1042 m (parameters) s 565 1042 m (must) s 690 1042 m (have) s 799 1042 m (an) s 869 1042 m (empty) s 1014 1042 m (parameter) s 1237 1042 m (list.) s 1326 1042 m () s 1344 1042 m (It) s 1389 1042 m (must) s 1513 1042 m (be) s 1578 1042 m (called) s 1710 1042 m (by) s 1775 1042 m (a) s 1816 1042 m (function) s 2003 1042 m (designator) s 146 989 m (whose) s 287 989 m (actual) s 425 989 m (parameter) s 646 989 m (list) s 720 989 m (is) s 768 989 m (empty) s 909 989 m (too.) s 146 899 m (Formal) s 303 899 m (parameters) s 543 899 m (are) s 618 899 m (local) s 724 899 m (to) s 779 899 m (the) s 858 899 m (procedure,) s 1083 899 m (i.e.) s 1153 899 m (their) s 1259 899 m (scope) s 1384 899 m (is) s 1430 899 m (the) s 1508 899 m (program) s 1696 899 m (text) s 1781 899 m (which) s 1918 899 m (constitutes) s 2149 899 m (the) s 146 846 m (procedure) s 358 846 m (declaration.) s 146 725 m ($) s 264 725 m (FormalParameters) s 641 725 m () s 657 725 m (=) s 701 725 m () s 716 725 m ("$") s 791 725 m ([FPSection) s 1015 725 m ({";") s 1098 725 m (FPSection}]) s 1338 725 m ("$") s 1413 725 m ([":") s 1500 725 m (qualident].) s 146 672 m ($) s 264 672 m (FPSection) s 468 672 m () s 484 672 m (=) s 527 672 m () s 543 672 m ([VAR]) s 681 672 m (ident) s 799 672 m () s 815 672 m ({",") s 897 672 m (ident}) s 1031 672 m (":") s 1098 672 m (FormalType.) s 146 619 m ($) s 264 619 m (FormalType) s 515 619 m () s 531 619 m (=) s 575 619 m () s 590 619 m ({ARRAY) s 756 619 m (OF}) s 846 619 m ($qualident) s 1075 619 m (\|) s 1102 619 m (ProcedureType$.) s 146 499 m (The) s 233 499 m (type) s 328 499 m (of) s 381 499 m (each) s 484 499 m (formal) s 631 499 m (parameter) s 848 499 m (is) s 892 499 m (specified) s 1078 499 m (in) s 1130 499 m (the) s 1206 499 m (parameter) s 1424 499 m (list.) s 1507 499 m () s 1519 499 m (For) s 1594 499 m (variable) s 1759 499 m (parameters,) s 2007 499 m (it) s 2046 499 m (must) s 2164 499 m (be) s 146 446 m (identical) s 329 446 m (to) s 382 446 m (the) s 457 446 m (corresponding) s 754 446 m (actual) s 888 446 m (parameter's) s 1137 446 m (type,) s 1245 446 m (except) s 1379 446 m (in) s 1432 446 m (the) s 1507 446 m (case) s 1603 446 m (of) s 1655 446 m (a) s 1691 446 m (record,) s 1838 446 m (where) s 1969 446 m (it) s 2009 446 m (must) s 2128 446 m (be) s 2188 446 m (a) s 146 393 m (base) s 254 393 m (type) s 354 393 m (of) s 411 393 m (the) s 492 393 m (corresponding) s 793 393 m (actual) s 933 393 m (parameter's) s 1187 393 m (type.) s 1299 393 m (For) s 1380 393 m (value) s 1499 393 m (parameters,) s 1752 393 m (the) s 1832 393 m (rule) s 1923 393 m (of) s 1980 393 m (assignment) s 146 340 m (holds) s 271 340 m ($see) s 366 340 m (9.1$.) s 472 340 m (If) s 516 340 m (the) s 594 340 m (formal) s 744 340 m (parameter's) s 996 340 m (type) s 1094 340 m (is) s 1142 340 m (specified) s 1331 340 m (as) s 1 p 240 3173 m (ARRAY) s 389 3173 m (OF) s 464 3173 m (T) s 146 3053 m (the) s 226 3053 m (parameter) s 449 3053 m (is) s 498 3053 m (said) s 597 3053 m (to) s 654 3053 m (be) s 717 3053 m (an) s 785 3053 m () s 785 3053 m (Syntax12i.Scn.Fnt) f (open) s 889 3053 m (array) s 1004 3053 m (parameter,) s 1225 3053 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (and) s 1321 3053 m (the) s 1401 3053 m (corresponding) s 1701 3053 m (actual) s 1840 3053 m (parameter) s 2061 3053 m (may) s 2165 3053 m (be) s 146 3000 m (any) s 232 3000 m (array) s 346 3000 m (with) s 453 3000 m (element) s 626 3000 m (type) s 724 3000 m (T.) s 146 2909 m (If) s 194 2909 m (a) s 238 2909 m (formal) s 393 2909 m (parameter) s 617 2909 m (specifies) s 802 2909 m (a) s 846 2909 m (procedure) s 1062 2909 m (type,) s 1177 2909 m (then) s 1287 2909 m (the) s 1370 2909 m (corresponding) s 1673 2909 m (actual) s 1815 2909 m (parameter) s 2039 2909 m (must) s 2165 2909 m (be) s 146 2856 m (either) s 270 2856 m (a) s 309 2856 m (procedure) s 520 2856 m (declared) s 701 2856 m (at) s 755 2856 m (level) s 852 2856 m (0) s 890 2856 m (or) s 945 2856 m (a) s 983 2856 m (variable) s 1151 2856 m ($or) s 1225 2856 m (parameter$) s 1464 2856 m (of) s 1518 2856 m (that) s 1616 2856 m (procedure) s 1826 2856 m (type.) s 1935 2856 m (It) s 1976 2856 m (cannot) s 2127 2856 m (be) s 2188 2856 m (a) s 146 2803 m (predefined) s 374 2803 m (procedure.) s 598 2803 m (The) s 689 2803 m (result) s 815 2803 m (type) s 913 2803 m (of) s 968 2803 m (a) s 1008 2803 m (procedure) s 1220 2803 m (can) s 1307 2803 m (be) s 1370 2803 m (neither) s 1523 2803 m (a) s 1563 2803 m (record) s 1701 2803 m (nor) s 1783 2803 m (an) s 1850 2803 m (array.) s 146 2682 m (Examples) s 354 2682 m (of) s 409 2682 m (procedure) s 622 2682 m (declarations:) s 240 2562 m (PROCEDURE) s 519 2562 m (ReadInt$VAR) s 791 2562 m (x:) s 838 2562 m (INTEGER$;) s 240 2509 m () s 255 2509 m () s 271 2509 m () s 287 2509 m (VAR) s 385 2509 m (i) s 413 2509 m (:) s 440 2509 m (INTEGER;) s 657 2509 m (ch:) s 732 2509 m (CHAR;) s 240 2456 m (BEGIN) s 389 2456 m (i) s 417 2456 m (:=) s 472 2456 m (0;) s 523 2456 m (Read$ch$;) s 240 2403 m () s 255 2403 m () s 271 2403 m () s 287 2403 m (WHILE) s 448 2403 m ($"0") s 547 2403 m (<=) s 617 2403 m (ch$) s 700 2403 m (&) s 743 2403 m ($ch) s 826 2403 m (<=) s 897 2403 m ("9"$) s 995 2403 m (DO) s 240 2350 m () s 255 2350 m () s 271 2350 m () s 287 2350 m () s 302 2350 m () s 318 2350 m () s 334 2350 m () s 350 2350 m (i) s 377 2350 m (:=) s 432 2350 m (10i) s 535 2350 m (+) s 578 2350 m ($ORD\(ch$-ORD$"0"$\);) s 1058 2350 m (Read$ch$) s 240 2297 m () s 255 2297 m () s 271 2297 m () s 287 2297 m (END) s 401 2297 m (;) s 240 2244 m () s 255 2244 m () s 271 2244 m () s 287 2244 m (x) s 322 2244 m (:=) s 377 2244 m (i) s 240 2191 m (END) s 354 2191 m (ReadInt) s 240 2070 m (PROCEDURE) s 519 2070 m (WriteInt$x:) s 755 2070 m (INTEGER$;) s 991 2070 m () s 1007 2070 m ($) s 1070 2070 m (0) s 1110 2070 m (<=) s 1180 2070 m (x) s 1216 2070 m (<) s 1259 2070 m (10^5) s 1373 2070 m ($) s 240 2017 m () s 255 2017 m () s 271 2017 m () s 287 2017 m (VAR) s 385 2017 m (i:) s 425 2017 m (INTEGER;) s 240 1964 m () s 255 1964 m () s 271 1964 m () s 287 1964 m () s 302 1964 m () s 318 1964 m () s 334 1964 m () s 350 1964 m (buf:) s 448 1964 m (ARRAY) s 598 1964 m (5) s 637 1964 m (OF) s 712 1964 m (INTEGER;) s 240 1911 m (BEGIN) s 389 1911 m (i) s 417 1911 m (:=) s 472 1911 m (0;) s 240 1858 m () s 255 1858 m () s 271 1858 m () s 287 1858 m (REPEAT) s 464 1858 m (buf[i]) s 602 1858 m (:=) s 657 1858 m (x) s 692 1858 m (MOD) s 822 1858 m (10;) s 897 1858 m () s 913 1858 m (x) s 948 1858 m (:=) s 1003 1858 m (x) s 1039 1858 m (DIV) s 1129 1858 m (10;) s 1204 1858 m () s 1220 1858 m (INC$i$) s 1362 1858 m (UNTIL) s 1507 1858 m (x) s 1543 1858 m (=) s 1586 1858 m (0;) s 240 1805 m () s 255 1805 m () s 271 1805 m () s 287 1805 m (REPEAT) s 464 1805 m (DEC$i$;) s 633 1805 m (Write$CHR\(buf[i]) s 1011 1805 m (+) s 1054 1805 m (ORD\("0"$\)\)) s 1310 1805 m (UNTIL) s 1456 1805 m (i) s 1484 1805 m (=) s 1527 1805 m (0) s 240 1752 m (END) s 354 1752 m (WriteInt) s 240 1632 m (PROCEDURE) s 519 1632 m (log2$x:) s 669 1632 m (INTEGER$:) s 905 1632 m (INTEGER;) s 240 1579 m () s 255 1579 m () s 271 1579 m () s 287 1579 m (VAR) s 385 1579 m (y:) s 432 1579 m (INTEGER;) s 649 1579 m () s 665 1579 m ($assume) s 881 1579 m (x>0$) s 240 1526 m (BEGIN) s 389 1526 m (y) s 425 1526 m (:=) s 480 1526 m (0;) s 240 1473 m () s 255 1473 m () s 271 1473 m () s 287 1473 m (WHILE) s 448 1473 m (x) s 484 1473 m (>) s 527 1473 m (1) s 566 1473 m (DO) s 653 1473 m (x) s 688 1473 m (:=) s 743 1473 m (x) s 779 1473 m (DIV) s 869 1473 m (2;) s 921 1473 m (INC$y$) s 1070 1473 m (END) s 1184 1473 m (;) s 240 1420 m () s 255 1420 m () s 271 1420 m () s 287 1420 m (RETURN) s 480 1420 m (y) s 240 1367 m (END) s 354 1367 m (log2) s 146 1217 m (Syntax12b.Scn.Fnt) f (10.2.) s 283 1217 m (Predefined) s 551 1217 m (procedures) s 146 1115 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (The) s 241 1115 m (following) s 447 1115 m (table) s 566 1115 m (lists) s 666 1115 m (the) s 749 1115 m (predefined) s 983 1115 m (procedures.) s 1232 1115 m () s 1252 1115 m (Some) s 1383 1115 m (are) s 1463 1115 m () s 1463 1115 m (Syntax12i.Scn.Fnt) f (generic) s 1617 1115 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (procedures,) s 1865 1115 m (i.e.) s 1940 1115 m (they) s 2042 1115 m (apply) s 2172 1115 m (to) s 146 1062 m (several) s 291 1062 m (types) s 409 1062 m (of) s 464 1062 m (operands.) s 677 1062 m () s 693 1062 m (v) s 728 1062 m (stands) s 878 1062 m (for) s 949 1062 m (a) s 988 1062 m (variable,) s 1169 1062 m (x) s 1205 1062 m (and) s 1299 1062 m (n) s 1342 1062 m (for) s 1413 1062 m (expressions,) s 1665 1062 m (and) s 1760 1062 m (T) s 1803 1062 m (for) s 1874 1062 m (a) s 1913 1062 m (type.) s 146 913 m (Function) s 338 913 m (procedures:) s 240 792 m (Name) s 534 792 m (Argument) s 750 792 m (type) s 1007 792 m (Result) s 1144 792 m (type) s 1360 792 m (Function) s 240 702 m (ABS$x$) s 393 702 m () s 409 702 m () s 425 702 m () s 534 702 m (numeric) s 715 702 m (type) s 1007 702 m (type) s 1105 702 m (of) s 1160 702 m (x) s 1360 702 m (absolute) s 1545 702 m (value) s 240 611 m (ODD$x$) s 534 611 m (integer) s 683 611 m (type) s 1007 611 m (BOOLEAN) s 1360 611 m (x) s 1395 611 m (MOD) s 1525 611 m (2) s 1564 611 m (=) s 1608 611 m (1) s 240 520 m (CAP$x$) s 393 520 m () s 409 520 m () s 534 520 m (CHAR) s 1007 520 m (CHAR) s 1360 520 m (corresponding) s 1659 520 m (capital) s 1808 520 m (letter) s 240 430 m (ASH$x,) s 389 430 m (n$) s 534 430 m (x,) s 581 430 m (n:) s 636 430 m (integer) s 785 430 m (type) s 1007 430 m (LONGINT) s 1360 430 m (x) s 1395 430 m () s 1438 430 m (2) s 1462 449 m (Syntax10.Scn.Fnt) f (n) s 1485 430 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (,) s 1513 430 m () s 1529 430 m (arithmetic) s 1749 430 m (shift) s 1 p 240 3173 m (LEN$v,) s 393 3173 m (n$) s 456 3173 m () s 472 3173 m () s 534 3173 m (v:) s 581 3173 m (array) s 1007 3173 m (LONGINT) s 1360 3173 m (the) s 1438 3173 m (length) s 1580 3173 m (of) s 1635 3173 m (v) s 1671 3173 m (in) s 1726 3173 m (dimension) s 1954 3173 m (n) s 534 3120 m (n:) s 589 3120 m (integer) s 738 3120 m (type) s 240 3067 m (LEN$v$) s 534 3067 m (is) s 581 3067 m (equivalent) s 801 3067 m (with) s 908 3067 m () s 923 3067 m (LEN$v,) s 1077 3067 m (0$) s 240 2977 m (MAX$T$) s 534 2977 m (T) s 577 2977 m (=) s 620 2977 m (basic) s 738 2977 m (type) s 1007 2977 m (T) s 1360 2977 m (maximum) s 1588 2977 m (value) s 1706 2977 m (of) s 1761 2977 m (type) s 1860 2977 m (T) s 534 2924 m (T) s 577 2924 m (=) s 620 2924 m (SET) s 1007 2924 m (INTEGER) s 1360 2924 m (maximum) s 1588 2924 m (element) s 1761 2924 m (of) s 1816 2924 m (sets) s 240 2833 m (MIN$T$) s 534 2833 m (T) s 577 2833 m (=) s 620 2833 m (basic) s 738 2833 m (type) s 1007 2833 m (T) s 1360 2833 m (minimum) s 1584 2833 m (value) s 1702 2833 m (of) s 1757 2833 m (type) s 1856 2833 m (T) s 534 2780 m (T) s 577 2780 m (=) s 620 2780 m (SET) s 1007 2780 m (INTEGER) s 1360 2780 m (0) s 240 2689 m (SIZE$T$) s 534 2689 m (T) s 577 2689 m (=) s 620 2689 m (any) s 707 2689 m (type) s 1007 2689 m (integer) s 1156 2689 m (type) s 1360 2689 m (no.) s 1438 2689 m (of) s 1493 2689 m (bytes) s 1611 2689 m (required) s 1793 2689 m (by) s 1856 2689 m (T) s 146 2540 m (Type) s 256 2540 m (conversion) s 480 2540 m (procedures:) s 240 2419 m (Name) s 535 2419 m (Argument) s 751 2419 m (type) s 1007 2419 m (Result) s 1144 2419 m (type) s 1360 2419 m (Function) s 240 2305 m (ORD$x$) s 413 2305 m () s 428 2305 m () s 444 2305 m () s 535 2305 m (CHAR) s 1007 2305 m (INTEGER) s 1360 2305 m (ordinal) s 1517 2305 m (number) s 1694 2305 m (of) s 1749 2305 m (x) s 240 2191 m (CHR$x$) s 401 2191 m () s 417 2191 m () s 432 2191 m () s 535 2191 m (integer) s 684 2191 m (type) s 1007 2191 m (CHAR) s 1360 2191 m (character) s 1556 2191 m (with) s 1663 2191 m (ordinal) s 1820 2191 m (number) s 1997 2191 m (x) s 240 2077 m (SHORT$x$) s 535 2077 m (LONGINT) s 1007 2077 m (INTEGER) s 1360 2077 m (identity) s 535 2024 m (INTEGER) s 1007 2024 m (SHORTINT) s 535 1971 m (LONGREAL) s 1007 1971 m (REAL) s 1360 1971 m ($truncation) s 1604 1971 m (possible$) s 240 1857 m (LONG$x$) s 535 1857 m (SHORTINT) s 1007 1857 m (INTEGER) s 1360 1857 m (identity) s 535 1804 m (INTEGER) s 1007 1804 m (LONGINT) s 535 1751 m (REAL) s 1007 1751 m (LONGREAL) s 240 1637 m (ENTIER$x$) s 472 1637 m () s 535 1637 m (real) s 621 1637 m (type) s 1007 1637 m (LONGINT) s 1360 1637 m (largest) s 1505 1637 m (integer) s 1655 1637 m (not) s 1737 1637 m (greater) s 1887 1637 m (than) s 1997 1637 m (x) s 146 1521 m (Syntax10.Scn.Fnt) f (Note) s 252 1521 m (that) s 342 1521 m () s 354 1521 m (ENTIER$i/j$) s 583 1521 m () s 594 1521 m (=) s 630 1521 m () s 642 1521 m (i) s 665 1521 m (DIV) s 744 1521 m (j) s 146 1375 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (Proper) s 287 1375 m (procedures:) s 240 1255 m (Name) s 535 1255 m (Argument) s 751 1255 m (types) s 1007 1255 m (Function) s 240 1141 m (INC$v$) s 389 1141 m () s 405 1141 m () s 421 1141 m () s 436 1141 m () s 535 1141 m (integer) s 684 1141 m (type) s 1007 1141 m (v) s 1042 1141 m (:=) s 1097 1141 m (v+1) s 240 1088 m (INC$v,) s 381 1088 m (x$) s 436 1088 m () s 452 1088 m () s 468 1088 m () s 484 1088 m () s 535 1088 m (integer) s 684 1088 m (type) s 1007 1088 m (v) s 1042 1088 m (:=) s 1097 1088 m (v+x) s 240 973 m (DEC$v$) s 405 973 m () s 421 973 m () s 436 973 m () s 452 973 m () s 535 973 m (integer) s 684 973 m (type) s 1007 973 m (v) s 1042 973 m (:=) s 1097 973 m (v-1) s 240 920 m (DEC$v,) s 397 920 m (x$) s 452 920 m () s 468 920 m () s 484 920 m () s 499 920 m () s 535 920 m (integer) s 684 920 m (type) s 1007 920 m (v) s 1042 920 m (:=) s 1097 920 m (v-x) s 240 806 m (INCL$v,) s 405 806 m (x$) s 460 806 m () s 535 806 m (v:) s 582 806 m (SET;) s 688 806 m (x:) s 735 806 m (integer) s 885 806 m (type) s 1007 806 m (v) s 1042 806 m (:=) s 1097 806 m (v) s 1132 806 m (+) s 1176 806 m ({x}) s 240 692 m (EXCL$v,) s 413 692 m (x$) s 468 692 m () s 535 692 m (v:) s 582 692 m (SET;) s 688 692 m (x:) s 735 692 m (integer) s 885 692 m (type) s 1007 692 m (v) s 1042 692 m (:=) s 1097 692 m (v) s 1132 692 m (-) s 1176 692 m ({x}) s 240 578 m (COPY$x,) s 417 578 m (v$) s 535 578 m (x:) s 582 578 m (character) s 779 578 m (array,) s 905 578 m (string) s 1360 578 m (v) s 1395 578 m (:=) s 1450 578 m (x) s 535 525 m (v:) s 582 525 m (character) s 779 525 m (array) s 240 411 m (NEW$v$) s 535 411 m (pointer) s 692 411 m (type) s 1007 411 m (allocate) s 1172 411 m (v^) s 240 297 m (HALT$x$) s 535 297 m (integer) s 684 297 m (constant) s 1007 297 m (terminate) s 1215 297 m (program) s 1404 297 m (execution) s 1 p 146 3173 m (The) s 233 3173 m (second) s 384 3173 m (parameter) s 601 3173 m (of) s 653 3173 m (INC) s 741 3173 m (and) s 832 3173 m (DEC) s 936 3173 m (may) s 1035 3173 m (be) s 1095 3173 m (omitted,) s 1277 3173 m (in) s 1329 3173 m (which) s 1464 3173 m (case) s 1559 3173 m (its) s 1619 3173 m (default) s 1774 3173 m (value) s 1889 3173 m (is) s 1932 3173 m (1.) s 1979 3173 m (In) s 2030 3173 m (HALT$x$,) s 146 3120 m (x) s 181 3120 m (is) s 228 3120 m (a) s 268 3120 m (parameter) s 488 3120 m (whose) s 630 3120 m (interpretation) s 917 3120 m (is) s 964 3120 m (left) s 1043 3120 m (to) s 1098 3120 m (the) s 1177 3120 m (underlying) s 1405 3120 m (system) s 1559 3120 m (implementation.) s 146 2974 m (Syntax14b.Scn.Fnt) f (11.) s 244 2974 m (Modules) s 146 2872 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (A) s 186 2872 m (module) s 352 2872 m (is) s 396 2872 m (a) s 433 2872 m (collection) s 630 2872 m (of) s 681 2872 m (declarations) s 933 2872 m (of) s 984 2872 m (constants,) s 1200 2872 m (types,) s 1326 2872 m (variables,) s 1523 2872 m (and) s 1613 2872 m (procedures,) s 1853 2872 m (and) s 1944 2872 m (a) s 1979 2872 m (sequence) s 2172 2872 m (of) s 146 2819 m (statements) s 382 2819 m (for) s 453 2819 m (the) s 531 2819 m (purpose) s 708 2819 m (of) s 764 2819 m (assigning) s 968 2819 m (initial) s 1098 2819 m (values) s 1236 2819 m (to) s 1291 2819 m (the) s 1370 2819 m (variables.) s 1571 2819 m (A) s 1613 2819 m (module) s 1781 2819 m (typically) s 1957 2819 m (constitutes) s 2189 2819 m (a) s 146 2766 m (text) s 232 2766 m (that) s 331 2766 m (is) s 378 2766 m (compilable) s 614 2766 m (as) s 673 2766 m (a) s 712 2766 m (unit.) s 146 2646 m ($) s 264 2646 m (module) s 433 2646 m () s 449 2646 m (=) s 492 2646 m () s 508 2646 m (MODULE) s 720 2646 m (ident) s 838 2646 m (";") s 905 2646 m () s 921 2646 m ([ImportList]) s 1185 2646 m (DeclarationSequence) s 146 2593 m ($) s 264 2593 m () s 279 2593 m () s 295 2593 m () s 311 2593 m () s 326 2593 m ([BEGIN) s 496 2593 m (StatementSequence]) s 921 2593 m (END) s 1035 2593 m (ident) s 1153 2593 m (".") s 1220 2593 m (.) s 146 2540 m ($) s 264 2540 m (ImportList) s 488 2540 m () s 504 2540 m (=) s 547 2540 m () s 563 2540 m (IMPORT) s 748 2540 m (import) s 901 2540 m ({",") s 984 2540 m (import}) s 1153 2540 m (";") s 1220 2540 m (.) s 146 2487 m ($) s 264 2487 m (import) s 417 2487 m () s 433 2487 m (=) s 476 2487 m () s 492 2487 m (ident) s 610 2487 m ([":=") s 724 2487 m (ident].) s 146 2366 m (The) s 233 2366 m (import) s 384 2366 m (list) s 455 2366 m (specifies) s 634 2366 m (the) s 709 2366 m (modules) s 895 2366 m (of) s 947 2366 m (which) s 1082 2366 m (the) s 1158 2366 m (module) s 1323 2366 m (is) s 1366 2366 m (a) s 1402 2366 m (client.) s 1532 2366 m (If) s 1571 2366 m (an) s 1634 2366 m (identifier) s 1823 2366 m (x) s 1854 2366 m (is) s 1897 2366 m (exported) s 2079 2366 m (from) s 2189 2366 m (a) s 146 2313 m (module) s 315 2313 m (M,) s 386 2313 m (and) s 480 2313 m (if) s 523 2313 m (M) s 583 2313 m (is) s 630 2313 m (listed) s 752 2313 m (in) s 807 2313 m (a) s 846 2313 m (module's) s 1047 2313 m (import) s 1201 2313 m (list,) s 1287 2313 m (then) s 1394 2313 m (x) s 1429 2313 m (is) s 1476 2313 m (referred) s 1642 2313 m (to) s 1697 2313 m (as) s 1756 2313 m (M.x.) s 1858 2313 m (If) s 1901 2313 m (the) s 1980 2313 m (form) s 2094 2313 m ("M) s 2173 2313 m (:=) s 146 2260 m (M1") s 248 2260 m (is) s 295 2260 m (used) s 405 2260 m (in) s 460 2260 m (the) s 539 2260 m (import) s 693 2260 m (list,) s 779 2260 m (that) s 878 2260 m (object) s 1012 2260 m (declared) s 1193 2260 m (within) s 1338 2260 m (M1) s 1421 2260 m (is) s 1468 2260 m (referenced) s 1685 2260 m (as) s 1744 2260 m () s 1760 2260 m (M.x) s 1850 2260 m (.) s 146 2169 m (Identifiers) s 356 2169 m (that) s 453 2169 m (are) s 525 2169 m (to) s 578 2169 m (be) s 639 2169 m (visible) s 775 2169 m (in) s 828 2169 m (client) s 947 2169 m (modules,) s 1145 2169 m (i.e.) s 1213 2169 m (outside) s 1371 2169 m (the) s 1447 2169 m (declaring) s 1641 2169 m (module,) s 1819 2169 m (must) s 1938 2169 m (be) s 1998 2169 m (marked) s 2164 2169 m (by) s 146 2116 m (an) s 212 2116 m (export) s 350 2116 m (mark) s 472 2116 m (in) s 527 2116 m (their) s 634 2116 m (declaration.) s 146 2026 m (The) s 233 2026 m (statement) s 447 2026 m (sequence) s 640 2026 m (following) s 838 2026 m (the) s 914 2026 m (symbol) s 1072 2026 m (BEGIN) s 1219 2026 m (is) s 1263 2026 m (executed) s 1444 2026 m (when) s 1566 2026 m (the) s 1641 2026 m (module) s 1806 2026 m (is) s 1850 2026 m (added) s 1987 2026 m (to) s 2038 2026 m (a) s 2074 2026 m (system) s 146 1973 m ($loaded$.) s 345 1973 m (Individual) s 561 1973 m ($parameterless$) s 891 1973 m (procedures) s 1122 1973 m (can) s 1207 1973 m (thereafter) s 1411 1973 m (be) s 1473 1973 m (activated) s 1665 1973 m (from) s 1777 1973 m (the) s 1854 1973 m (system,) s 2017 1973 m (and) s 2110 1973 m (these) s 146 1920 m (procedures) s 378 1920 m (serve) s 488 1920 m (as) s 547 1920 m () s 547 1920 m (Syntax12i.Scn.Fnt) f (commands.) s 146 1799 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (Example:) s 240 1685 m (MODULE) s 452 1685 m (Out;) s 299 1632 m ($exported) s 531 1632 m (procedures:) s 775 1632 m () s 791 1632 m (Write,) s 932 1632 m (WriteInt,) s 1129 1632 m (WriteLn$) s 299 1579 m (IMPORT) s 484 1579 m (Texts,) s 613 1579 m (Oberon;) s 299 1465 m (VAR) s 397 1465 m (W:) s 476 1465 m (Texts.Writer;) s 299 1351 m (PROCEDURE) s 578 1351 m (Write$ch:) s 814 1351 m (CHAR$;) s 299 1298 m (BEGIN) s 448 1298 m (Texts.Write$W,) s 775 1298 m (ch$) s 299 1245 m (END) s 413 1245 m (Write;) s 299 1131 m (PROCEDURE) s 578 1131 m (WriteInt$x,) s 842 1131 m (n:) s 897 1131 m (LONGINT$;) s 358 1078 m (VAR) s 456 1078 m (i:) s 495 1078 m (INTEGER;) s 712 1078 m (a:) s 763 1078 m (ARRAY) s 913 1078 m (16) s 976 1078 m (OF) s 1050 1078 m (CHAR;) s 299 1025 m (BEGIN) s 448 1025 m (i) s 476 1025 m (:=) s 531 1025 m (0;) s 358 972 m (IF) s 409 972 m (x) s 444 972 m (<) s 487 972 m (0) s 527 972 m (THEN) s 665 972 m (Texts.Write$W,) s 991 972 m ("-"$;) s 1106 972 m (x) s 1141 972 m (:=) s 1196 972 m (-x) s 1259 972 m (END) s 1373 972 m (;) s 358 919 m (REPEAT) s 535 919 m (a[i]) s 625 919 m (:=) s 680 919 m (CHR$x) s 822 919 m (MOD) s 952 919 m (10) s 1015 919 m (+) s 1058 919 m (ORD\("0"$\);) s 1306 919 m (x) s 1342 919 m (:=) s 1397 919 m (x) s 1432 919 m (DIV) s 1523 919 m (10;) s 1598 919 m (INC$i$) s 1739 919 m (UNTIL) s 1885 919 m (x) s 1920 919 m (=) s 1964 919 m (0;) s 358 866 m (REPEAT) s 535 866 m (Texts.Write$W,) s 861 866 m (") s 897 866 m ("$;) s 964 866 m (DEC$n$) s 1137 866 m (UNTIL) s 1283 866 m (n) s 1326 866 m (<=) s 1397 866 m (i;) s 358 813 m (REPEAT) s 535 813 m (DEC$i$;) s 704 813 m (Texts.Write$W,) s 1031 813 m (a[i]$) s 1141 813 m (UNTIL) s 1287 813 m (i) s 1314 813 m (=) s 1358 813 m (0) s 299 760 m (END) s 413 760 m (WriteInt;) s 299 646 m (PROCEDURE) s 578 646 m (WriteLn;) s 299 593 m (BEGIN) s 448 593 m (Texts.WriteLn$W$;) s 846 593 m (Texts.Append$Oberon.Log,) s 1397 593 m (W.buf$) s 299 540 m (END) s 413 540 m (WriteLn;) s 240 426 m (BEGIN) s 389 426 m (Texts.OpenWriter$W$) s 240 373 m (END) s 354 373 m (Out.) s 1 p 146 3165 m (Syntax14b.Scn.Fnt) f (12.) s 244 3165 m (The) s 354 3165 m (Module) s 579 3165 m (SYSTEM) s 146 3063 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (The) s 236 3063 m (module) s 405 3063 m (SYSTEM) s 590 3063 m (contains) s 775 3063 m (definitions) s 1004 3063 m (that) s 1102 3063 m (are) s 1177 3063 m (necessary) s 1378 3063 m (to) s 1433 3063 m (program) s 1622 3063 m () s 1622 3063 m (Syntax12i.Scn.Fnt) f (low-level) s 1823 3063 m () s 1823 3063 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (operations) s 2047 3063 m (referring) s 146 3010 m (directly) s 303 3010 m (to) s 358 3010 m (resources) s 555 3010 m (particular) s 764 3010 m (to) s 819 3010 m (a) s 858 3010 m (given) s 976 3010 m (computer) s 1185 3010 m (and/or) s 1338 3010 m (implementation.) s 1688 3010 m (These) s 1817 3010 m (include) s 1977 3010 m (for) s 2047 3010 m (example) s 146 2957 m (facilities) s 323 2957 m (for) s 394 2957 m (accessing) s 594 2957 m (devices) s 748 2957 m (that) s 846 2957 m (are) s 921 2957 m (controlled) s 1134 2957 m (by) s 1197 2957 m (the) s 1275 2957 m (computer,) s 1496 2957 m (and) s 1590 2957 m (facilities) s 1768 2957 m (to) s 1822 2957 m (break) s 1947 2957 m (the) s 2024 2957 m (data) s 2130 2957 m (type) s 146 2904 m (compatibility) s 422 2904 m (rules) s 529 2904 m (otherwise) s 731 2904 m (imposed) s 917 2904 m (by) s 977 2904 m (the) s 1053 2904 m (language) s 1247 2904 m (definition.) s 1464 2904 m (It) s 1503 2904 m (is) s 1547 2904 m (recommended) s 1846 2904 m (to) s 1897 2904 m (restrict) s 2042 2904 m (their) s 2145 2904 m (use) s 146 2851 m (to) s 201 2851 m (specific) s 362 2851 m () s 363 2851 m (Syntax12i.Scn.Fnt) f (low-level) s 568 2851 m (Syntax12.Scn.Fnt) f (modules.) s 769 2851 m (Such) s 882 2851 m (modules) s 1070 2851 m (are) s 1144 2851 m (inherently) s 1355 2851 m (non-portable,) s 1653 2851 m (but) s 1739 2851 m (easily) s 1860 2851 m (recognized) s 2083 2851 m (due) s 2173 2851 m (to) s 146 2798 m (the) s 221 2798 m (identifier) s 411 2798 m (SYSTEM) s 593 2798 m (appearing) s 807 2798 m (in) s 859 2798 m (their) s 962 2798 m (import) s 1113 2798 m (lists.) s 1216 2798 m (The) s 1303 2798 m (subsequent) s 1547 2798 m (definitions) s 1771 2798 m (are) s 1842 2798 m (applicable) s 2058 2798 m (to) s 2109 2798 m (most) s 146 2745 m (modern) s 319 2745 m (computers;) s 559 2745 m (however,) s 748 2745 m (individual) s 964 2745 m (implementations) s 1323 2745 m (may) s 1425 2745 m (include) s 1586 2745 m (in) s 1642 2745 m (this) s 1732 2745 m (module) s 1901 2745 m (definitions) s 2130 2745 m (that) s 146 2692 m (are) s 220 2692 m (particular) s 429 2692 m (to) s 484 2692 m (the) s 563 2692 m (specific,) s 736 2692 m (underlying) s 964 2692 m (computer.) s 146 2601 m (Module) s 317 2601 m (SYSTEM) s 503 2601 m (exports) s 661 2601 m (the) s 741 2601 m (data) s 848 2601 m (type) s 948 2601 m (BYTE.) s 1083 2601 m (No) s 1158 2601 m (representation) s 1459 2601 m (of) s 1515 2601 m (values) s 1654 2601 m (is) s 1702 2601 m (specified.) s 1904 2601 m (Instead,) s 2078 2601 m (certain) s 146 2548 m (compatibility) s 425 2548 m (rules) s 535 2548 m (with) s 642 2548 m (other) s 760 2548 m (types) s 878 2548 m (are) s 953 2548 m (given:) s 146 2458 m (1.) s 193 2458 m (The) s 283 2458 m (type) s 381 2458 m (BYTE) s 504 2458 m (is) s 551 2458 m (compatible) s 791 2458 m (with) s 897 2458 m (CHAR) s 1027 2458 m (and) s 1122 2458 m (SHORTINT.) s 146 2367 m (2.) s 193 2367 m (If) s 234 2367 m (a) s 271 2367 m (formal) s 419 2367 m (parameter) s 637 2367 m (is) s 683 2367 m (of) s 736 2367 m (type) s 832 2367 m (ARRAY) s 980 2367 m (OF) s 1052 2367 m (BYTE,) s 1184 2367 m (then) s 1289 2367 m (the) s 1364 2367 m (corresponding) s 1661 2367 m (actual) s 1795 2367 m (parameter) s 2013 2367 m (may) s 2112 2367 m (be) s 2172 2367 m (of) s 146 2314 m (any) s 232 2314 m (type.) s 146 2224 m (The) s 241 2224 m (procedures) s 478 2224 m (contained) s 696 2224 m (in) s 755 2224 m (module) s 928 2224 m (SYSTEM) s 1117 2224 m (are) s 1196 2224 m (listed) s 1322 2224 m (in) s 1381 2224 m (the) s 1464 2224 m (following) s 1669 2224 m (tables.) s 1819 2224 m (They) s 1933 2224 m (correspond) s 2173 2224 m (to) s 146 2171 m (single) s 272 2171 m (instructions) s 521 2171 m (compiled) s 719 2171 m (as) s 775 2171 m (in-line) s 926 2171 m (code.) s 1041 2171 m (For) s 1117 2171 m (details,) s 1271 2171 m (the) s 1347 2171 m (reader) s 1482 2171 m (is) s 1526 2171 m (referred) s 1688 2171 m (to) s 1739 2171 m (the) s 1814 2171 m (processor) s 2011 2171 m (manual.) s 2192 2171 m (v) s 146 2118 m (stands) s 295 2118 m (for) s 366 2118 m (a) s 405 2118 m (variable,) s 586 2118 m (x,) s 634 2118 m (y,) s 681 2118 m (a,) s 732 2118 m (and) s 827 2118 m (n) s 870 2118 m (for) s 941 2118 m (expressions,) s 1193 2118 m (and) s 1287 2118 m (T) s 1331 2118 m (for) s 1401 2118 m (a) s 1441 2118 m (type.) s 146 1997 m (Function) s 338 1997 m (procedures:) s 240 1877 m (Name) s 534 1877 m (Argument) s 750 1877 m (types) s 1007 1877 m (Result) s 1144 1877 m (type) s 1360 1877 m (Function) s 240 1786 m (ADR$v$) s 534 1786 m (any) s 1007 1786 m (LONGINT) s 1360 1786 m (address) s 1529 1786 m (of) s 1584 1786 m (variable) s 1753 1786 m (v) s 240 1695 m (BIT$a,) s 377 1695 m (n$) s 534 1695 m (a:) s 585 1695 m (LONGINT) s 1007 1695 m (BOOLEAN) s 1360 1695 m (bit) s 1430 1695 m (n) s 1474 1695 m (of) s 1529 1695 m (Mem[a]) s 534 1642 m (n:) s 589 1642 m (integer) s 738 1642 m (type) s 240 1552 m (CC$n$) s 534 1552 m (integer) s 683 1552 m (constant) s 1007 1552 m (BOOLEAN) s 1360 1552 m (Condition) s 1572 1552 m () s 1588 1552 m (n) s 1631 1552 m () s 1647 1552 m ($0) s 1706 1552 m (<=) s 1777 1552 m (n) s 1820 1552 m (<) s 1863 1552 m (16$) s 240 1461 m (LSH$x,) s 385 1461 m (n$) s 534 1461 m (x:) s 581 1461 m (integer) s 730 1461 m (type) s 829 1461 m (or) s 884 1461 m (SET) s 1007 1461 m (type) s 1105 1461 m (of) s 1160 1461 m (x) s 1360 1461 m (logical) s 1501 1461 m (shift) s 534 1408 m (n:) s 589 1408 m (integer) s 738 1408 m (type) s 240 1318 m (ROT$x,) s 397 1318 m (n$) s 534 1318 m (x:) s 581 1318 m (integer) s 730 1318 m (type) s 829 1318 m (or) s 884 1318 m (SET) s 1007 1318 m (type) s 1105 1318 m (of) s 1160 1318 m (x) s 1360 1318 m (rotation) s 534 1265 m (n:) s 589 1265 m (integer) s 738 1265 m (type) s 240 1174 m (VAL$T,) s 393 1174 m (x$) s 534 1174 m (T,) s 589 1174 m (x:) s 636 1174 m (any) s 722 1174 m (type) s 1007 1174 m (T) s 1360 1174 m (x) s 1395 1174 m (interpreted) s 1627 1174 m (as) s 1686 1174 m (of) s 1741 1174 m (type) s 1840 1174 m (T) s 146 1037 m (Proper) s 287 1037 m (procedures:) s 240 916 m (Name) s 653 916 m (Argument) s 869 916 m (types) s 1360 916 m (Function) s 240 826 m (GET$a,) s 397 826 m (v$) s 653 826 m (a:) s 704 826 m (LONGINT;) s 932 826 m (v:) s 979 826 m (any) s 1066 826 m (basic) s 1184 826 m (type) s 1360 826 m (v) s 1395 826 m (:=) s 1450 826 m (Mem[a]) s 240 735 m (PUT$a,) s 393 735 m (x$) s 653 735 m (a:) s 704 735 m (LONGINT;) s 932 735 m (x:) s 979 735 m (any) s 1066 735 m (basic) s 1184 735 m (type) s 1360 735 m (Mem[a]) s 1545 735 m (:=) s 1600 735 m (x) s 240 644 m (MOVE$s,) s 440 644 m (d,) s 495 644 m (n$) s 653 644 m (s,) s 700 644 m (d:) s 755 644 m (LONGINT;) s 983 644 m (n:) s 1038 644 m (integer) s 1188 644 m (type) s 1360 644 m (Mem[d]) s 1548 644 m (...) s 1600 644 m (Mem[d+n-1]) s 1360 591 m () s 1375 591 m () s 1391 591 m () s 1407 591 m (:=) s 1462 591 m (Mem[s]) s 1643 591 m (...) s 1694 591 m (Mem[s+n-1]) s 240 501 m (NEW$v,) s 421 501 m (n$) s 653 501 m (v:) s 700 501 m (any) s 786 501 m (pointer) s 944 501 m () s 960 501 m (type) s 1360 501 m (allocate) s 1525 501 m (storage) s 1682 501 m (block) s 1804 501 m (of) s 1860 501 m (n) s 1903 501 m (bytes) s 653 448 m (n:) s 708 448 m (integer) s 857 448 m (type) s 1360 448 m (assign) s 1501 448 m (its) s 1564 448 m (address) s 1734 448 m (to) s 1789 448 m (v) s 146 349 m (Syntax10.Scn.Fnt) f (File:) s 236 349 m (OberonReport.Doc) s 610 349 m (/) s 646 349 m (NW) s 728 349 m (1.10.90) s 1 p 160 3300 m (Syntax10.Scn.Fnt) f (Oberon.EBNF) s 2100 3300 m ( 0) s 160 3200 m (ident = letter {letter \| digit}.) s 160 3158 m (number = integer \| real.) s 160 3116 m (integer = digit {digit} \| digit {hexDigit} "H".) s 160 3074 m (real = digit {digit} "." {digit} [ScaleFactor].) s 160 3032 m (ScaleFactor = $"E" \| "D"$ ["+" \| "-"] digit {digit}.) s 160 2990 m (hexDigit = digit \| "A" \| "B" \| "C" \| "D" \| "E" \| "F".) s 160 2948 m (digit = "0" \| "1" \| "2" \| "3" \| "4" \| "5" \| "6" \| "7" \| "8" \| "9".) s 160 2906 m (CharConstant = '"' character '"' \| digit {hexDigit} "X".) s 160 2864 m (string = '"' {character} '"' .) s 160 2780 m (identdef = ident [""].) s 160 2738 m (qualident = [ident "."] ident.) s 160 2696 m (ConstantDeclaration = identdef "=" ConstExpression.) s 160 2654 m (ConstExpression = expression.) s 160 2612 m (TypeDeclaration = identdef "=" type.) s 160 2570 m (type = qualident \| ArrayType \| RecordType \| PointerType \| ProcedureType.) s 160 2528 m (ArrayType = ARRAY length {"," length} OF type.) s 160 2486 m (length = ConstExpression.) s 160 2444 m (RecordType = RECORD ["$" BaseType "$"] FieldListSequence END.) s 160 2402 m (BaseType = qualident.) s 160 2360 m (FieldListSequence = FieldList {";" FieldList}.) s 160 2318 m (FieldList = [IdentList ":" type].) s 160 2276 m (IdentList = identdef {"," identdef}.) s 160 2234 m (PointerType = POINTER TO type.) s 160 2192 m (ProcedureType = PROCEDURE [FormalParameters].) s 160 2150 m (VariableDeclaration = IdentList ":" type.) s 160 2066 m (designator = qualident {"." ident \| "[" ExpList "]" \| "$" qualident "$" \| "^" }.) s 160 2024 m (ExpList = expression {"," expression}.) s 160 1982 m (expression = SimpleExpression [relation SimpleExpression].) s 160 1940 m (relation = "=" \| "#" \| "<" \| "<=" \| ">" \| ">=" \| IN \| IS.) s 160 1898 m (SimpleExpression = ["+"\|"-"] term {AddOperator term}.) s 160 1856 m (AddOperator = "+" \| "-" \| OR .) s 160 1814 m (term = factor {MulOperator factor}.) s 160 1772 m (MulOperator = "" \| "/" \| DIV \| MOD \| "&" .) s 160 1730 m (factor = number \| CharConstant \| string \| NIL \| set \|) s 160 1688 m ( designator [ActualParameters] \| "$" expression "$" \| "~" factor.) s 160 1646 m (set = "{" [element {"," element}] "}".) s 160 1604 m (element = expression [".." expression].) s 160 1562 m (ActualParameters = "$" [ExpList] "$" .) s 160 1520 m (statement = [assignment \| ProcedureCall \|) s 160 1478 m ( IfStatement \| CaseStatement \| WhileStatement \| RepeatStatement \|) s 160 1436 m ( LoopStatement \| WithStatement \| EXIT \| RETURN [expression] ].) s 160 1394 m (assignment = designator ":=" expression.) s 160 1352 m (ProcedureCall = designator [ActualParameters].) s 160 1310 m (StatementSequence = statement {";" statement}.) s 160 1268 m (IfStatement = IF expression THEN StatementSequence) s 160 1226 m ( {ELSIF expression THEN StatementSequence}) s 160 1184 m ( [ELSE StatementSequence] END.) s 160 1142 m (CaseStatement = CASE expression OF case {"\|" case}) s 160 1100 m ( [ELSE StatementSequence] END.) s 160 1058 m (case = [CaseLabelList ":" StatementSequence].) s 160 1016 m (CaseLabelList = CaseLabels {"," CaseLabels}.) s 160 974 m (CaseLabels = ConstExpression [".." ConstExpression].) s 160 932 m (WhileStatement = WHILE expression DO StatementSequence END.) s 160 890 m (RepeatStatement = REPEAT StatementSequence UNTIL expression.) s 160 848 m (LoopStatement = LOOP StatementSequence END.) s 160 806 m (WithStatement = WITH qualident ":" qualident DO StatementSequence END .) s 160 722 m (ProcedureDeclaration = ProcedureHeading ";" ProcedureBody ident.) s 160 680 m (ProcedureHeading = PROCEDURE [""] identdef [FormalParameters].) s 160 638 m (ProcedureBody = DeclarationSequence [BEGIN StatementSequence] END.) s 160 596 m (ForwardDeclaration = PROCEDURE "^" ident ["*"] [FormalParameters].) s 160 554 m (DeclarationSequence = {CONST {ConstantDeclaration ";"} \|) s 160 512 m ( TYPE {TypeDeclaration ";"} \| VAR {VariableDeclaration ";"}}) s 160 470 m ( {ProcedureDeclaration ";" \| ForwardDeclaration ";"}.) s 160 428 m (FormalParameters = "$" [FPSection {";" FPSection}] "$" [":" qualident].) s 160 386 m (FPSection = [VAR] ident {"," ident} ":" FormalType.) s 160 344 m (FormalType = {ARRAY OF} $qualident \| ProcedureType$.) s 160 302 m (ImportList = IMPORT import {"," import} ";" .) s 160 260 m (import = ident [":=" ident].) s 160 218 m (module = MODULE ident ";" [ImportList] DeclarationSequence) s 160 176 m ( [BEGIN StatementSequence] END ident "." .) s 1 p 160 3300 m (Oberon.EBNF) s 2100 3300 m ( 1) s %%Trailer %%DocumentFonts: Helvetica Helvetica-Oblique Helvetica-Bold Courier Courier-Bold %%Pages 2
303.5	Lengthy Oberon definition (PostScript) follows in 303.6	MOIRA::FAIMAN	light upon the figured leaf	`Wed Apr 24 1991 13:27`	16
	The following reply contains the information described below. Since it is 7000+ lines long, DECwindows NOTES users are strongly advised to do a NEXT UNSEEN at this point to bypass it, and to come back and extract it using the character cell NOTES interface or some other note-reading tool. ======================================== Below the formfeed is the PostScript for the defintion of ``The Programming Language Oberon'' Revision 1.Sept.90 By N. Wirth. This was take from the Oberonm.exe file and converted to Postscript (The original lacked %%headers and all that stuff so our LPS20 junked it.) Rik PS Although its 7000 odd lines don't worry there's only one word per line. The report is only 19 pages !
303.7		CRATE::WATSON	As simple as possible, not simpler	`Fri Apr 26 1991 04:52`	7
	Sorry, I was under the impression that a formfeed (CTRL-L) in a note circumnavigated the DECwindows Notes ``feature''. Sorry again, Rik
303.8	Why 80x86 only?	ROYAL::HEWITT		`Sat Jun 08 1991 19:19`	6
	Does anyone know why the MS-DOS Oberon compiler is limited to 80x86 CPUs? It seems to run fine on my laptop which has an NEC V20 CPU but I was wondering specifically what the limitations are and why. -Alex
303.9	tigher code	DNEAST::PFISTER_ROB	Because the breeze feels nice on my labotomy hole..	`Mon Jun 10 1991 16:03`	9
	I dont know for sure, I'd guess the compiler writer saved some time by using a few more advanced instructions not found on the 8086/8088. Borland Compilers have a switch to generate 80x86-only code, which is supposedly tighter, and quicker execution. Isn't the V20 an 80186 clone? Which would satisfy the 80x86 requirement. Robb
303.10		TINKER::NADKARNI		`Tue Jun 11 1991 14:44`	6
	I think the main problem was that the compiler used the ENTER and LEAVE instructions for subroutine linkage. These are not supported on the 8088/6. However the NEC V20 (an enhanced 8088) DOES support ENTER/LEAVE as far as I recall. /Ashok
303.11	Odd choice...	11SRUS::HEWITT	Standard du jour	`Tue Jun 11 1991 15:56`	9
	A very odd choice indeed! In effect, the author ruled out the use of literally millions of PCs. I like his compiler though. It's fast, generates small executables and seems to be robust. I also am impressed with the language itself. I'm a fan of Wirth's languages and this one seems to be more of his "small is beautiful" philosophy. -Alex (who unsuccessfully tried to get DEC to do a Modula-2 compiler)
303.12	oberonm.exe doesn't unzip itself	TOOK::R_KIMBALL	Lions & Tigers & Bears, oh my!	`Sat Jul 13 1991 19:37`	14
	I copied the MS/DOS binary, oberonm.exe, to my PC using Kermit (yes, I put it in binary transfer mode). The file copied successfully, but when I ran it, it didn't unzip itself as it was supposed to. I looked at it with an editor and, amidst the expected funny characters, I saw a reference to PKZIP so I believe it is really the self-unzipping file. I tried it several times, but it did nothing - not even any disk movements. I had to reboot to get out of it. Is there something else I'm supposed to do? What's the magic handshake? Thanks, Rich
303.13	Enjoy	CHEST::WATSON	Blood on the Rooftops	`Mon Jul 15 1991 04:40`	5
	An exploded version of all the files + some misc other stuff will be in FUTURS::PACE::ANKLE::DISK$USER1:[WATSON.OBERON] for the next few days.
303.14	just ask nicely...	VINO::KOMAR	Deeply Intertwingled	`Mon Sep 09 1991 20:34`	17
	General note: Files of general interest, such as those relating to Oberon are fine candidates for being put on gatekeeper.dec.com (known to decnet folk as "decwrl::") The gatekeepers for Digital accept requests for copying software through the internet, to make it available to us Deccies (and everyone else, since is an Internet-wide repository). Just send mail [email protected] ("decwrl::gatekeepers") and ask them to `put it on /pub' VMS folk should use Spool to copy the files to their machines. You will also need uncompress (lzdcmp) and tar. VMS versions are available in decwrl::"/pub/VMS" -pk