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Conference taveng::bagels

Title:BAGELS and other things of Jewish interest
Notice:1.0 policy, 280.0 directory, 32.0 registration
Moderator:SMURF::FENSTER
Created:Mon Feb 03 1986
Last Modified:Thu Jun 05 1997
Last Successful Update:Fri Jun 06 1997
Number of topics:1524
Total number of notes:18709

551.0. "Why Kol Nidre?" by TAVIS::SID () Tue Sep 20 1988 05:42

    Tonight is Yom Kippur which begins with the recitation of Kol
    Nidre, in which we declare that all the vows and oaths which we
    may have made in the previous year (in other versions: in the
    coming year, or in both the previous and the coming years) are
    NULL and VOID.  The prayer is in standard legalese (albeit in
    Aramaic) where three synonyms are used every place one word would
    do well. 

    Has anybody ever thought about what a weird thing this is?  Here
    are some points to consider while you are saying Kol Nidre:

- For some reason, this recitation (it's not really a prayer) has
taken on solemnity and importance far beyond its actual importance.
Some Jews only go to synagogue a year.  Many others (at least in Israel
this is true) only go for Kol Nidre, as if this were the essence of
all Yom Kippur.

- K.N. has been used by anti-semites for hundreds of years (including
as recently as a couple of years ago in a case in Alberta, Canada) to
show that Jews cannot be trusted, that they do not respect their own
promises, etc.

- K.N. has very little halachic importance.  The shulhan aruch days "it is
customary to say K.N..." -- very soft language, and certainly not as
strongly required as other parts of the liturgy.  Also, and this is
important to remember, K.N. does NOT (halachicly) absolve you of any
vows.  If you promised to donate $100 to the shul, you are required
by halacha to do it, K.N. or no K.N..  Vows can only be annulled by
a properly constituted Jewish Court, and you had better have good
reasons for needing to annul it.

- There is another (less well-known) formula called "hatarat nedarim",
usually recited in the synogog on the morning before RH or YK.  This
looks a little more like a proper court since the recitation is made
before three "judges", but it still has only symbolic (not halachic)
significance since the vows are not spelled out and there is no cross-
examination of the claimant.

- There are some standard answers given about what K.N. is *actually*
all about (only vows between man and his Creator, only vows we are forced
to make by the Inquisitors, etc.) but the question remains why these
limitations are not spelled out in the Kol Nidre itself, instead of
appearing to give a blanket license to lie and cheat in the coming
year.  This doesn't seem to me to be the proper way to start Yom Kippur.
T.RTitleUserPersonal
Name
DateLines
551.1Lots of reasonsCOGMK::FRANCUSIn Xanadu did Kubla KhanThu Sep 22 1988 17:3120
    I believe that in the Mishna it is specified that only vows between
    man and God are absolved on Yom Kippur - this is before Kol Nidre
    was written.
    
    KN has taken on such a meaning for a number of reasons:
    
    1) Most synagogues (sp?) take out all the Torahs on this occasion,
    and it has evolved into a very solemn ceremony.
    
    2) The melody for KN is the same in any Ashkenazi shul I've ever
    been in for YK.
    
    3) It marks the beginning of YK, which together with Neilah which
    ends YK are the "highlights" of the day.
    
    It is not so much what KN actually says, but the evolution of how
    its done that keeps drawing many people to shul for this moment.
    
    yoseff
    
551.2our big service is Rosh Hasshanah first morningCADSYS::RICHARDSONFri Sep 23 1988 15:0515
    In our schul, Kol Nidre is about the third largest high holiday
    service (I'm on the high holiday committee, which means showing
    up the day or afternoon before to set up rented folding chairs and
    uncrate the extra high holiday prayerbooks, etc.).  The big one
    is the first morning of Rosh Hashanah, and the first evening of
    Rosh Hashanah is a bit larger than the usual Kol Nidre crowd. I'm
    told this is very unusual.  The next service after that is Yom Kippur
    morning.  You would think that a lot of people would come Rosh Hashanah
    afternoon (to hear the shofar) or to Yizkor (a lot do, but less
    than half the crowd we get Yom Kippur morning, maybe because the
    congregation is mostly young families who do not have people to
    say kaddish for).  This pattern tseems to be unique to our
    congregation; I know a lot of the other synagogues in the area have
    had to go to having two Kol Nidre services and/or selling seats
    (which we have never done).
551.3"Nedder" <> obligation....TAVENG::CHAIMThe Bagel NosherTue Oct 04 1988 07:1732
    Firstly, it is a mistaken supposition that Kol Nidre or for that
    fact any Hatarat Nedarim can absolve a nedder or vow without a valid
    justification. The only case where a nedder or vow can be absolved
    without any justification is the case of a husband who has the right
    to absolve any "neddarim" or vows which he has heard his wife make
    (with the stipulation that he does this on the very day that he
    hears them being made -- he who hesitates, too bad). The Talmud
    and subsequently the Code of Law very explicitly set forth the rules
    governing who and under what circumstances a "nedder" or vow can
    (and in some cases should) be absolved.
    
    Also, this mechanism known as "medder" should not in any way, shape,
    or form be confused with contracts or other valid means (written
    or verbal) through which a person obligates himself.
    
    Getting back to the original query with regard to Kol Nidre, there
    is a very ineteresting essay which was compiled by Pinhas Peli in
    "Al Hateshava" (On Repenetance), which is a group of essays based
    on lectures given annually by Rabbi Joseph B. Soloveitchik during
    the ten days of repentance on themes dealing with repentance, which
    attemptes to demonstrate the similarities between the concept of
    "Hatart Nedarim" and the way in which G-d forgives our sins. I believe
    that within this essay there is at least some implicit referrence
    to Kol Nidre.
    
    I know that Rabbi Soloveitchik, in keeping with this basic theme,
    insisted that the "Chazan", while reciting all the prayers of the
    entire "Yom Kippur" day, be accompanied by two other men who would
    stand along side the "Chazan". This was representation of the three
    men required to form a minimal "Bais Din" (court).
    
    Cb. 
551.4confessionVAXWRK::ZAITCHIKExistence is NOT a predicateWed Oct 12 1988 18:046
The only time that the Kol Nidrei service ever moves me
is when I think of something totally unrelated to it.
What is interesting to me is the fact that the solemnity
of the occasion and the haunting (Ashkenazi) melody really
DO move me greatly... when I just ignore the words.