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Conference rusure::math

Title:Mathematics at DEC
Moderator:RUSURE::EDP
Created:Mon Feb 03 1986
Last Modified:Fri Jun 06 1997
Last Successful Update:Fri Jun 06 1997
Number of topics:2083
Total number of notes:14613

1205.0. "unitary matrix's det = 1??" by ARCANA::ESTRELLA () Wed Mar 07 1990 09:11

A question from a linear algebra problem set I've got. Any ideas.


    a matrix B in M nxn(C) is unitary.  Prove |det(B)| = 1

    			_   ______         _      ___
    Hint Prove that det(B) = det(B) where (B)ij = Bij


Dennis
T.RTitleUserPersonal
Name
DateLines
1205.1AITG::DERAMODan D'Eramo, nice personWed Mar 07 1990 12:293
	What is the definition of "unitary"?

	Dan
1205.2define unitaryARCANA::ESTRELLAWed Mar 07 1990 13:099
    
                                 *                *      ___
    a B matrix is unitary when BB  = I ,  where (B )ij = Bij
    the complex conjugate of Bij.
    
    If this is not clear let me know.
    
    Dennis
    
1205.34GL::GILBERTOwnership ObligatesWed Mar 07 1990 15:5939
			    _    ______
First, let's prove that det(B) = det(B).  This is trivially true for a 1x1

matrix.  Using induction, we assume it's true for any nxn matrix.  Then
    _    __     __    ___    __          ___    __
det(B) = B  det(S ) - B  det(S ) + ... � B  det(S ), where the S  are the
	  11     1     12     2           1n     n              i

appropriate submatrices (from the usual definition of det).  Then
    _    __ _______   __ _______         __ _______
det(B) = B  det(S ) - B  det(S ) + ... � B  det(S )
	  11     1     12     2           1n     n
         ____________________________________________
       = (B  det(S ) - B  det(S ) + ... � B  det(S ))
	   11     1     12     2           1n     n

because the product of complex conjugates is the complex conjugate of
the product, and the sum of complex conjugates is the complex conjugate
of the sum.  We see that this last equation is simply
    _    ______
det(B) = det(B)

Which, by the inductive hypothesis, is true for all square matrices.

QED.

(This result could've been reached more succinctly -- it's true of any
polynomial having real coefficients).



					   _
Suppose now that B is unitary.  That is, B B  = I.  We have that
      _		      _				_    ______
det(B B) = det(B) det(B) = det(I) = 1.  But det(B) = det(B).
					 _
Let det(B) = a + ib.  We have det(B) det(B) = (a + ib)(a - ib) = a� + b� = 1.

That is, |det(B)| = 1.